Nutrition & Diabetes最新文献

{"title":"An algorithm for the use of anti-obesity medications","authors":"Fereshteh Dehghani, Mitra Ali Ahmadi, Marleigh Hefner, Gaurav Kudchadkar, Wasiuddin Najam, Masoud Nateqi, Md Abu Bakkar Siddik, Holli Booe, Nikhil V. Dhurandhar","doi":"10.1038/s41387-024-00278-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-024-00278-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140609132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of liver FGF21-KLB signaling in ketogenic diet-induced amelioration of hepatic steatosis","authors":"Wanrong Guo, Huanyi Cao, Yunfeng Shen, Wuguo Li, Wei Wang, Lidan Cheng, Mengyin Cai, Fen Xu","doi":"10.1038/s41387-024-00277-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-024-00277-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>The effectiveness of ketogenic diet (KD) in ameliorating fatty liver has been established, although its mechanism is under investigation. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) positively regulates obesity-associated metabolic disorders and is elevated by KD. FGF21 conventionally initiates its intracellular signaling via receptor β-klotho (KLB). However, the mechanistic role of FGF21-KLB signaling for KD-ameliorated fatty liver remains unknown. This study aimed to delineate the critical role of FGF21 signaling in the ameliorative effects of KD on hepatic steatosis.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Eight-week-old C57BL/6 J mice were fed a chow diet (CD), a high-fat diet (HFD), or a KD for 16 weeks. Adeno-associated virus-mediated liver-specific KLB knockdown mice and control mice were fed a KD for 16 weeks. Phenotypic assessments were conducted during and after the intervention. We investigated the mechanism underlying KD-alleviated hepatic steatosis using multi-omics and validated the expression of key genes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>KD improved hepatic steatosis by upregulating fatty acid oxidation and downregulating lipogenesis. Transcriptional analysis revealed that KD dramatically activated FGF21 pathway, including KLB and fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1). Impairing liver FGF21 signaling via KLB knockdown diminished the beneficial effects of KD on ameliorating fatty liver, insulin resistance, and regulating lipid metabolism.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>KD demonstrates beneficial effects on diet-induced metabolic disorders, particularly on hepatic steatosis. Liver FGF21-KLB signaling plays a critical role in the KD-induced amelioration of hepatic steatosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140582340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of dietary interventions on microvascular health in South-Asian Surinamese people with type 2 diabetes in the Netherlands: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Anouk I. M. van der Velden, Daphne H. T. IJpelaar, Prataap K. Chandie Shaw, Hanno Pijl, Hans Vink, Johan van der Vlag, Ton J. Rabelink, Bernard M. van den Berg","doi":"10.1038/s41387-024-00275-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-024-00275-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background/objectives</h3><p>We investigated whether dietary interventions, i.e. a fasting mimicking diet (FMD, Prolon®) or glycocalyx mimetic supplementation (Endocalyx^TM) could stabilize microvascular function in Surinamese South-Asian patients with type 2 diabetes (SA-T2DM) in the Netherlands, a patient population more prone to develop vascular complications.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Subjects/methods</h3><p>A randomized, placebo controlled, 3-arm intervention study was conducted in 56 SA-T2DM patients between 18 and 75 years old, for 3 consecutive months, with one additional follow up measurement 3 months after the last intervention. Sublingual microcirculation was assessed with SDF-imaging coupled to the GlycoCheck^TM software, detecting red blood cell velocity, capillary density, static and dynamic perfused boundary region (PBR), and the overall microvascular health score (MVHS). Linear mixed models and interaction analysis were used to investigate the effects the interventions had on microvascular function.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Despite a temporal improvement in BMI and HbA1c after FMD the major treatment effect on microvascular health was worsening for RBC-velocity independent PBR_dynamic, especially at follow-up. Glycocalyx supplementation, however, reduced urinary MCP-1 presence and improved both PBR_dynamic and MVHS_dynamic, which persisted at follow-up.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>We showed that despite temporal beneficial changes in BMI and HbA1c after FMD, this intervention is not able to preserve microvascular endothelial health in Dutch South-Asian patients with T2DM. In contrast, glycocalyx mimetics preserves the microvascular endothelial health and reduces the inflammatory cytokine MCP-1.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Clinical study registration</h3><p>NCT03889236.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140582326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usual intake of dairy products and the chance of pre-diabetes regression to normal glycemia or progression to type 2 diabetes: a 9-year follow-up","authors":"Zahra Bahadoran, Parvin Mirmiran, Fereidoun Azizi","doi":"10.1038/s41387-024-00257-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-024-00257-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>We assessed the possible effect of usual dairy consumption on pre-diabetes (Pre-DM) remission or progression to type 2 diabetes (T2D).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Pre-DM adults (<i>n</i> = 334, mean age of 49.4 years, and 51.5% men) were assessed for dairy intakes (2006–2008) and followed up to 9 years for incidence of T2D or normal glycemia (NG). All biochemical measurements were done at baseline and all subsequent examinations with 3-y follow-up intervals. Multinomial regression models with adjustment of confounding variables were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident T2D and NG for each serving/d dairy consumption.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The odds of NG was significantly elevated by 69% (OR = 1.69, 95% CI = 1.00–2.86, <i>P</i> = 0.05) per 200 g/d increased high-fat dairy intake, while the amount of total dairy or low-fat dairy was not related to the outcomes. Higher intakes of yogurt were more likely to be associated with an increased odds of NG (OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.20–2.74, <i>P</i> = 0.01). Usual intakes of milk, cheese, or cream-butter were not associated to Pre-DM remission or progression to T2D.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Regular dairy consumption may increase the chance of Pre-DM regression to NG.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140582366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of food insecurity with changes in diet quality, weight, and glycemia over two years in adults with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes on medicaid","authors":"Kristine D. Gu, Jessica Cheng, Vicki Fung, Douglas E. Levy, Sydney McGovern, Jessica L. McCurley, Cheryl R. Clark, Anne N. Thorndike","doi":"10.1038/s41387-024-00273-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-024-00273-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Little is known about longitudinal associations between food insecurity (FI) and diet, weight, and glycemia in people with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In a secondary analysis of Medicaid-enrolled health center patients with prediabetes or T2D in Boston, Massachusetts (<i>N</i> = 188), we examined associations between food security (FS) and measures of diet quality, weight, and hyperglycemia. FS (10-item USDA FS module) was ascertained at baseline, 1-year, and 2-year follow-up and categorized as persistently secure, intermittently insecure, or persistently insecure. Associations between FS category and changes in Healthy Eating Index-2020 (HEI-20), body mass index (BMI), and hemoglobin A1c (A1c) from baseline to year 2 were assessed using multivariate generalized linear models. Participants had median (p25, p75) age of 52 (42, 57); 71.8% were female and 62.8% Hispanic. Over follow-up, 32.4% were persistently food secure, 33.0% intermittently insecure, and 34.5% persistently insecure. Baseline mean (SD) HEI-20, BMI, and A1c were 55.8 (14.5), 35.9 (8.7) kg/m², 7.1% (1.6) and did not differ by FS category. FS category was not associated with changes in HEI-20, BMI, and A1c at 2 years (all <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). Results suggest that Medicaid-enrolled adults with prediabetes or T2D, regardless of FS status, would benefit from dietary and weight management interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140602139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of curcumin and high-content eicosapentaenoic acid supplementations in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a double-blinded randomized clinical trial","authors":"Kimia Motlagh Asghari, Parviz Saleh, Yaghoub Salekzamani, Neda Dolatkhah, Naser Aghamohammadzadeh, Maryam Hashemian","doi":"10.1038/s41387-024-00274-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-024-00274-6","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Background/objectives&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;The present study investigated the effect of curcumin and eicosapentaenoic acid, as one the main components of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, on anthropometric, glucose homeostasis, and gene expression markers of cardio-metabolic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Subjects/methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;This clinical trial was conducted at the Endocrinology Clinic of Imam Reza Hospital in Tabriz. It aimed to determine the impact of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA), Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA), and curcumin supplements on various health indicators in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) from 2021.02.01 to 2022.02.01. The study was a randomized double-blinded clinical trial and conducted over 12 weeks with 100 participants randomly divided into four groups. Stratified randomization was used to assign participants to two months of supplementation based on sex and Body Mass Index (BMI). The study comprised four groups: Group 1 received 2 capsules of 500 mg EPA and 200 mg DHA, along with 1 nano-curcumin placebo; Group 2 received 1 capsule of 80 mg nano-curcumin and 2 omega 3 Fatty Acids placebos; Group 3 received 2 capsules of 500 mg EPA and 200 mg DHA, and 1 capsule of 80 mg nano-curcumin; Group 4, the control, received 2 omega 3 Fatty Acids placebos and 1 nano-curcumin placebo.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\"&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;After twelve weeks of taking EPA + Nano-curcumin supplements, the patients experienced a statistically significant reduction in insulin levels in their blood [MD: −1.44 (−2.70, −0.17)]. This decrease was significantly greater than the changes observed in the placebo group [MD: −0.63 (−1.97, 0.69)]. The EPA + Nano-curcumin group also showed a significant decrease in High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) levels compared to the placebo group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the EPA + Nano-curcumin group had a significant increase in Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) levels compared to the placebo group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS), Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index, Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI), or Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C) levels between the four groups (all &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). There were significant differences between the Nano-curcumin and EPA groups [MD: −17.02 (−32.99, −1.05)], and between the Nano-curcumin and control groups [MD: −20.76 (−36.73, −4.79)] in terms of lowering the serum cholesterol level. The difference in Triglycerides (TG) serum levels between the EPA + Nano-curcumin and placebo groups were not statistically significant (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.093). The Nano-curcumin group showed significant decreases in Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) levels compared to the EPA group [MD: −20.12 (−36.90, −3.34)] and the control group [MD: −20.79 (−37.57, −4.01)]. There was a near-to-signifi","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140582341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric emptying of a glucose drink is predictive of the glycaemic response to oral glucose and mixed meals, but unrelated to antecedent glycaemic control, in type 2 diabetes","authors":"Chunjie Xiang, Yixuan Sun, Yong Luo, Cong Xie, Weikun Huang, Zilin Sun, Karen L. Jones, Michael Horowitz, Christopher K. Rayner, Jianhua Ma, Tongzhi Wu","doi":"10.1038/s41387-024-00264-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-024-00264-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background</h3><p>Gastric emptying (GE), with wide inter-individual but lesser intra-individual variations, is a major determinant of postprandial glycaemia in health and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, it is uncertain whether GE of a carbohydrate-containing liquid meal is predictive of the glycaemic response to physiological meals, and whether antecedent hyperglycaemia influences GE in T2D. We evaluated the relationships of (i) the glycaemic response to both a glucose drink and mixed meals with GE of a 75 g glucose drink, and (ii) GE of a glucose drink with antecedent glycaemic control, in T2D.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Fifty-five treatment-naive Chinese adults with newly diagnosed T2D consumed standardised meals at breakfast, lunch and dinner with continuous interstitial glucose monitoring. On the subsequent day, a 75 g glucose drink containing 150 mg ¹³C-acetate was ingested to assess GE (breath test) and plasma glucose response. Serum fructosamine and HbA1c were also measured.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Plasma glucose incremental area under the curve (iAUC) within 2 hours after oral glucose was related inversely to the gastric half-emptying time (T50) (<i>r</i> = −0.34, <i>P</i> = 0.012). The iAUCs for interstitial glucose within 2 hours after breakfast (<i>r</i> = −0.34, <i>P</i> = 0.012) and dinner (<i>r</i> = −0.28, <i>P</i> = 0.040) were also related inversely to the T50 of oral glucose. The latter, however, was unrelated to antecedent fasting plasma glucose, 24-hour mean interstitial glucose, serum fructosamine, or HbA1c.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>In newly diagnosed, treatment-naive, Chinese with T2D, GE of a 75 g glucose drink predicts the glycaemic response to both a glucose drink and mixed meals, but is not influenced by spontaneous short-, medium- or longer-term elevation in glycaemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140582203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of rs2282679 in 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and insulin resistance after a sleeve gastrectomy","authors":"Daniel de Luis, Olatz Izaola, David Primo, Juan José López Gómez, David Pacheco","doi":"10.1038/s41387-024-00272-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-024-00272-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background &amp; aims</h3><p>Some studies have reported links between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the presence of obesity and some genetic variants. The aim of our design was to evaluate the effects of rs2282679 genetic variant of <i>CG</i> gene on 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, weight loss and metabolic parameters after a robotic sleeve gastrectomy in premenopausal females with obesity.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>76 participants were enrolled. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, biochemical evaluation and anthropometric parameters were registered before surgery and after 3, 6 and 12 months follow up. Genotype of rs2282679 <i>CG</i> gene was evaluated.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The improvements in anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and lipid profile were similar in both genotypes (TT vs TG + GG). Basal insulin levels and HOMA-IR were greater in G allele carriers than non-carriers (Delta: 6.7 ± 1.2 mUI/L; <i>p</i> = 0.01) and (Delta: 1.3 ± 0.1 units; <i>p</i> = 0.02). 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were lower in G allele carriers than non-carriers (Delta: 8.1 ± 1.1 ng/dl; <i>p</i> = 0.03). The levels of insulin and HOMA-IR remained greater in G allele carriers than non-carriers throughout all the visits. The levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D remained lower in G allele carriers than non-G allele. The average level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D at 12 months in non-G allele carriers were above 30 ng/dl (36.0 ± 3.1 ng/dl) and the level in G allele carriers were below (24.9 ± 4.9 ng/dl).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>rs 2282679 (<i>GC</i>) was related with low 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels and insulin resistance. In addition, the presence of G allele produced a decrease in the improvement of 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and insulin resistance after weight loss during 12 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140582342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adherence to dietary guidelines associated with lower medical service utilization in preschoolers: a longitudinal study.","authors":"Yi-Chieh Chen, Yuan-Ting C Lo, Hsin-Yun Wu, Yi-Chen Huang","doi":"10.1038/s41387-024-00270-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-024-00270-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the association between dietary guideline adherence and overall, outpatient, and emergency medical service utilization in Taiwanese preschoolers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected 614 preschoolers (2-6 years) who had one day of 24-h dietary recall data from the 2013-2016 Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan. The Taiwanese Children Healthy Eating Index (TCHEI) was developed on the basis of Taiwanese Food-Based Dietary Guidelines; it assesses dietary adequacy and eating behavior. Data on the participants' outpatient and emergency medical service utilization were obtained for 2013-2018 from the National Health Insurance Research Database. A multivariable generalized linear model was used to evaluate the association between the TCHEI and medical service utilization for all disease and respiratory diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjustment for confounding factors, children aged 2-3 years in the Tertile (T) 2 and T3 groups of the TCHEI exhibited 25% (95% CI 0.69-0.83) and 16% (95% CI 0.77-0.92) lower overall medical visits, respectively. The same pattern was noted in the outpatient and emergency visits for all diseases and respiratory diseases. The children aged 4-6 years in the T2 group exhibited 15% (95% CI 0.80-0.91) and 11% (95% CI 0.82-0.97) lower overall visits and visits for respiratory diseases, respectively. Moreover, preschoolers in the T2 group exhibited lower overall medical expenditures than did those in the T1 group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TCHEI score was positively correlated with better nutritional status. Optimal dietary intake associated with lower medical service utilization among Taiwan preschoolers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"14 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10959943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140194290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myricetin alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy by regulating gut microbiota and their metabolites.","authors":"Jinxiu Zhu, Zhijun Bao, Zuoqi Hu, Shenglin Wu, Cuihong Tian, Yueran Zhou, Zipeng Ding, Xuerui Tan","doi":"10.1038/s41387-024-00268-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-024-00268-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The gut microbiota is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Myricetin protects cardiac function in DCM. However, the low bioavailability of myricetin fails to explain its pharmacological mechanisms thoroughly. Research has shown that myricetin has a positive effect on the gut microbiota. We hypothesize that myricetin improves the development of DCM via regulating gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DCM mice were induced with streptozotocin and fed a high-fat diet, and then treated with myricetin by gavage and high-fat diet for 16 weeks. Indexes related to gut microbiota composition, cardiac structure, cardiac function, intestinal barrier function, and inflammation were detected. Moreover, the gut contents were transplanted to DCM mice, and the effect of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on DCM mice was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Myricetin could improve cardiac function in DCM mice by decreasing cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis. The composition of gut microbiota, especially for short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria involving Roseburia, Faecalibaculum, and Bifidobacterium, was more abundant by myricetin treatment in DCM mice. Myricetin increased occludin expression and the number of goblet cells in DCM mice. Compared with DCM mice unfed with gut content, the cardiac function, number of goblet cells, and expression of occludin in DCM mice fed by gut contents were elevated, while cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and TLR4/MyD88 pathway-related proteins were decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Myricetin can prevent DCM development by increasing the abundance of beneficial gut microbiota and restoring the gut barrier function.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"14 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10933338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140110848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}