Nutrition & Diabetes最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of eHealth lifestyle interventions on management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Yangguo Zhao, Xinrui Yang, Yang Bai, Dorothy Ngo Sheung Chan, Caixia Li","doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00457-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-026-00457-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>eHealth lifestyle interventions have emerged as promising management strategies for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Our review aimed to synthesize the most recent evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of eHealth lifestyle interventions on clinical and behavioral outcomes in adults with MASLD. Twelve databases (Medline, Web of Science Core Collection, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ProQuest Health & Medical Collection, CINAHL Complete, Academic Search Complete, Scopus, Emerald, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, and VIP Database) were searched from inception to April 2, 2025. Thirteen randomized controlled trials and fifteen quasi-experimental trials comprising 2579 adult patients with MASLD were included. Seven intervention components were identified: goal setting, health education, consultation, self- and device-monitoring, feedback, patient reminders, and social support. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials demonstrated that eHealth lifestyle interventions were significantly superior to standard care in reducing weight, body mass index, waist circumference, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyl transferase levels, and improving MASLD status. Improvements in self-management, dietary adherence, physical activity, exercise, and quality of life were also observed. Our findings suggest that ehealth intervention is a better choice for the patients with MASLD to achieve precise and scalable management. PROSPERO CRD420251001470. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD420251001470; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD420251001470 .</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of an almond-based low-carbohydrate diet with continuous glucose monitoring metrics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Xianming Li, Yanqin Xu, Xulin Wang, Yu Ding, Sihui Luo, Yu Gao","doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00456-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-026-00456-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the association between an almond-based low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective randomized controlled study. Hospitalized patients with T2DM from Changshu No.1 People's Hospital were recruited from January 2022 to December 2022. 33 patients using CGM were included and randomly divided into the low-fat diet (LFD) group or the LCD with almonds group based on the random number table. Primary CGM metrics including time in range (TIR), time in tight range (TITR), time above range (TAR), time below range (TBR) were compared between the two groups. Linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association between diet group and nocturnal glycemic metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to LFD group, patients in the LCD with almonds group had higher nighttime TIR [98.51% (95.83, 99.88) vs. 91.67% (89.52, 98.07), P < 0.01] and TITR [94.14% (87.57, 98.41) vs. 77.58% (52.18, 90.58), P < 0.05]. Nighttime TAR [0.00% (0.00, 0.00) vs. 1.39% (0.00, 7.95), P < 0.01], HBGI [0.15 (0.01, 0.34) vs. 0.98 (0.08, 3.73), P < 0.05], and SD (15.57 ± 6.21 mg/dL vs. 23.62 ± 9.12 mg/dL, P < 0.05) were significantly lower in the LCD with almonds group. Multivariable regression demonstrated that LCD with almonds was independently associated with improvements in nocturnal TIR (β = 6.65%, P = 0.010) and TITR (β = 14.60%, P = 0.016) after adjustment for age, sex, and diabetes duration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The almond-based low-carbohydrate diet improved nocturnal glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. These improvements in nocturnal TIR and TITR remained significant after multivariable adjustment for age, sex, and diabetes duration.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registry: </strong>The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (registration no. ChiCTR2600116495).</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral microbiota mediates the association of healthy dietary patterns with lower risk of advanced cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome.","authors":"Weitao Su, Yayuan Mei, Ming Yang, Jingtao Wu, Ang Li","doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00455-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-026-00455-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Existing evidence links diet and the oral microbiota to individual cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic conditions, but these relationships have not been extended to the progressive stages of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome. We therefore investigated the associations among dietary patterns, the oral microbiome, and CKM stages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 2051 representative US adults. Oral microbiota was characterized via 16S rRNA gene sequencing of oral rinse samples. Dietary patterns were assessed using multiple dietary indexes derived from 24-h dietary recalls. CKM stages were defined according to American Heart Association criteria. MaAsLin3 analysis and ordinal logistic regression were used to evaluate the associations of dietary indexes and oral microbiota with CKM stages. Mediation analysis was used to assess the mediating role of oral microbiota in the associations between various dietary indexes and CKM stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As CKM stages advanced, the oral microbial community tended to exhibit gradient shifts, primarily characterized by a potentially progressive reduction in the relative abundance of Pseudomonadota. Neisseria and Lautropia within Pseudomonadota, together with Gemella and Bergeyella, were negatively associated with CKM stages, whereas Lactobacillus was positively associated. Pseudomonadota-dominated salivatypes were associated with the lowest risk of advanced CKM stages. Higher healthy dietary indexes were associated with lower likelihood of advanced CKM stages and with higher abundance of Pseudomonadota taxa, particularly Neisseria. Notably, Neisseria and its higher taxonomies predominantly mediated the associations between dietary indexes and CKM stages.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that Neisseria-related taxa are predominant mediators linking dietary patterns to CKM stages. Modulation of the diet-microbiome axis may represent a complementary strategy for promoting health and potentially influencing CKM-associated outcomes, but our cross-sectional data should not be interpreted as establishing a causal protective role.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148536458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining a ketone threshold for weight loss: evidence from 14 day daily β-hydroxybutyrate monitoring in 217 subjects on a ketogenic diet.","authors":"Antonio Paoli, Giuseppe Cerullo, Samuele Paoli, Davide Charrier, Jacopo Givralli, Antonino Bianco, Giovanna Boccuzzo, Pietro Belloni, Lorenzo Cenci, Tatiana Moro","doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00454-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-026-00454-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The ketogenic diet (KD) is a widely used nutritional intervention for weight loss. The beneficial effects of the KD are intrinsically linked to the state of physiological ketosis, where ketone bodies (KBs) raise, even though minimal effective threshold of blood ketone concentration that correlates with significant weight loss remains unclear. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to identify the optimal β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) threshold associated with weight loss in individuals with overweight or obesity undergoing a KD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analysis included 217 participants (111 males and 106 females) with overweight or obesity, who followed a KD for 14 days. Time to Ketosis (TtK)-defined as the number of days needed to reach and maintain a given ketone concentration-was calculated for each threshold.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Regression analysis showed that a βHB concentration of ≥0.5 mmol/L was the most associated with significant weight loss. Moreover, body weight and gender significantly influenced TtK, suggesting interindividual variability in achieving effective ketosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Achieving and maintaining a ketonemia of at least 0.5 mmol/L may represent a clinically meaningful threshold to optimize weight loss in individuals undergoing a KD. Monitoring βHB levels and reducing TtK may improve individual responsiveness to KD-based interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148448388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GULP1 enhances GLUT4 translocation by counteracting ACAP1-ARF6 inhibition.","authors":"Xin Wen, Jin Mei, Yidan Jiang, Meiyu Qian, Juan Wang, Shibo Xu, Yurui Su, Lili Xu, Qin Liu, Mengyuan Zhao, Huizi Zhang, Jingzhou Wang, Cuizhe Wang, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00452-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-026-00452-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The molecular underpinnings of obesity-induced insulin resistance, a key driver of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), remain incompletely understood, limiting targeted therapies. While our prior work revealed that miR‑548ab impairs glucose homeostasis by downregulating GULP1, the precise mechanism by which GULP1 regulates insulin sensitivity, particularly through the GLUT4 trafficking machinery, is unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the novel function and molecular basis of GULP1 in controlling insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation and systemic glucose metabolism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bioinformatics analysis predicted interactions between GULP1 and GLUT4 vesicle regulators (ACAP1, ARF6). In vitro and in vivo models were used to assess GULP1's effects on glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation. Insulin resistance was evaluated via glucose tolerance tests and insulin sensitivity assays. Mechanistic studies investigated how GULP1 promotes insulin-mediated GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane by alleviating ACAP1-induced inhibition of ARF6 activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GULP1 significantly enhanced glucose uptake in adipocytes and muscle cells by promoting GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane. In obese mice, GULP1 overexpression improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Mechanistically, GULP1 counteracted ACAP1's inhibition of ARF6 activity, thereby facilitating insulin-stimulated GLUT4 trafficking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GULP1 can bind to ACAP1 and ARF6, and alleviate the inhibitory effect of ACAP1 on ARF6 activity, thereby enhancing insulin-mediated glucose uptake and improving insulin sensitivity in obese mice. This study reveals a novel mechanism of GULP1 in glucose metabolism and provides a new therapeutic target for treating obesity-related metabolic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13642948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reversal of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway attenuates gestational diabetes mellitus-induced offspring cardiac hypertrophy: mechanistic insights into pathological remodeling.","authors":"Xun Yuan, Yuejiang Jiao, Zexin Huang, Ruchao Jiang, Yiling Chen, Ducai Liu, Zexin Zhao, Qiulian Zhu, Yuan Qin, Guiping Zhang, Zhimei Feng, Caixian Yang, Ning Hou","doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00453-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-026-00453-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a prevalent prenatal metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia occurring in approximately 9.2% of pregnancies globally, imposes significant cardiovascular risks on offspring, including developmental cardiac hypertrophy and long-term functional impairment. Despite its clinical importance, the molecular mechanisms governing GDM-induced cardiac malformations remain elusive.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to delineate the regulatory role of the Wnt/β-catenin/Tcf7l2 signaling pathway in mediating pathological cardiac remodeling in GDM-exposed offspring through experimental manipulation using a clinically relevant murine model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established a clinically relevant GDM mouse model exhibiting key metabolic features including hyperinsulinemia and impaired glucose tolerance, which faithfully recapitulates human GDM pathology. Cardiomyocyte-specific β-catenin knockout and cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of constitutively active β-catenin were employed for genetic manipulation. Pharmacological intervention was performed using saxagliptin, a clinically approved DPP-4 inhibitor. Cardiac phenotypes were evaluated by histopathological analysis, echocardiography, and molecular assessments of Wnt/β-catenin pathway activity and hypertrophic markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histopathological and echocardiographic analyses revealed pronounced cardiac hypertrophy in GDM-exposed offspring, concomitant with activation of the Wnt/β-catenin/Tcf7l2 pathway in myocardial tissues. Functional studies demonstrated that cardiomyocyte-specific β-catenin ablation attenuated GDM-induced hypertrophic remodeling, whereas constitutive β-catenin overexpression exacerbated cardiac dysfunction. Importantly, pharmacological intervention with saxagliptin significantly ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy in GDM-offspring. This therapeutic effect was paralleled by marked suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling activity and reduced expression of ANP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collectively, these findings provide compelling evidence that dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin/Tcf7l2 pathway constitutes a critical mediator in GDM-induced cardiac hypertrophy, and highlight saxagliptin as a potential therapeutic strategy to mitigate adverse cardiac outcomes in GDM offspring.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13642918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148423001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial effects of Chlorella species supplementation in the general population: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.","authors":"Helia Mardani, Mohammad Amin Karimi, Mohammad Sharifi, Dorsa Ghazvineh, Zahra Yari, Ali Jafari","doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00449-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-026-00449-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the potential benefits of Chlorella supplementation in the general population, with a focus on its impact across a broad spectrum of health-related biomarkers and clinical parameters. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Scopus, and EMBASE databases was conducted up to February 20, 2025. A total of 24 studies were included. Chlorella supplementation led to significant reductions in body fat percentage (Weighted Mean Difference [WMD] = -0.73%, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: -1.18 to -0.29), body mass index (BMI) (WMD = -0.30 kg/m², 95% CI: -0.48 to -0.13), weight (WMD = -1.28 kg, 95% CI: -2.00 to -0.56), waist-to-hip ratio (WMD = -0.01%, 95% CI: -0.02 to -0.01), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (WMD = -0.22 units, 95% CI: -0.35 to -0.09), insulin (WMD = -0.86 μU/mL, 95% CI: -1.45 to -0.27), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (WMD = -0.56 μg/ml, 95% CI: -1.02 to -0.11), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (WMD = -6.20 mg/dl, 95% CI: -8.33 to -4.08), total cholesterol (WMD = -8.03 mg/dl, 95% CI: -10.60 to -5.46), triglycerides (WMD = -2.91 mg/dl, 95%CI: -5.70 to -0.12), malondialdehyde (WMD = -1.84 nmol/ml; 95% CI: -3.24 to -0.45), and leptin levels (WMD = -0.71 ng/ml; 95% CI: -1.27 to -0.16). Conversely, catalase (WMD = 22.06 U/g.Hb; 95% CI: 3.19 to 40.93) increased significantly. While the evidence for BMI was rated as low, the certainty of evidence for most other outcomes was very low according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Our findings underscore the potential of Chlorella supplementation to support metabolic health in general population; however, given the overall very low certainty of evidence based on the GRADE assessment, these results should be interpreted cautiously.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13631250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin acetone as a clinical diagnostic biomarker of ketosis.","authors":"Anh Ngan Nguyen, Oscar Osorio-Perez, David Jackemeyer, Eliana Terrera, Shaun Victor, Ayushi Pradhan, Fang Chen, Rodrigo Ezequiel Dominguez, Yuyan Hua, Charlotte Chou, Shan Cheng, Erica Forzani","doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00446-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-026-00446-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objective: </strong>We present the first receiver operating characteristic (ROC) diagnostic analysis of skin-excreted acetone as a biomarker of ketosis.</p><p><strong>Participants/methods: </strong>In an 8-week controlled crossover pilot study (n = 16), we evaluated the ability of skin-emitted acetone to differentiate metabolic ketosis from non-ketosis states. Non-ketosis was established via a normal diet/energy balance, while ketosis was induced through dietary and energy manipulations, including ketogenic diets and negative energy balances. Alongside skin acetone concentration and excretion rate, we quantified a comprehensive set of ketone body parameters for comparative diagnostic purposes, including breath acetone concentration and excretion rate, blood beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration, urine beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration and excretion rate, and urine acetoacetate concentration and excretion rate. Blood BHB (mM) served as the clinical benchmark for ketosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ROC curves were generated to evaluate the diagnostic performance of each biomarker in distinguishing between ketosis and non-ketosis. Both breath and skin acetone excretion rates achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.83, outperforming several other ketone biomarkers. Similarly, breath acetone and skin acetone concentrations also exhibited AUCs of 0.82 and 0.83, respectively. In comparison, blood beta-hydroxybutyrate concentration and urine acetoacetate excretion rate both showed an AUC of 0.81, while urine beta-hydroxybutyrate excretion rate and concentration achieved AUCs of 0.66 and 0.68, respectively. Furthermore, breath and skin acetone excretion rates were systematically compared within and across participants. The correlation between the two reinforces the significance of skin acetone as a body ketone biomarker that diffuses through the skin, representing the body's acetone concentrations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the results highlight the potential of skin acetone excretion rate as a reliable, non-invasive biomarker of ketosis, with diagnostic accuracy comparable to that of blood-based standards, offering significant promise for continuous, wearable metabolic monitoring in clinical and health settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13627703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148405193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redox and bioenergetic modulation by plumbagin attenuated neuropathic allodynia in mice with diet-induced diabetes.","authors":"Youya Fan, Yangui Wang, Wugeng Cui, Benling Li, Xin Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00450-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-026-00450-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Painful diabetic neuropathy represents a substantial health burden, afflicting approximately 30% of individuals with diabetes. Currently available neuropathic pain medications exhibit only limited efficacy, are associated with significant adverse effects, and often result in poor patient adherence. The need for more effective neuropathic pain treatments in diabetic patients remains critical. This study aimed to evaluate the potential pain-relieving effects of plumbagin, a naturally occurring naphthoquinone, in a mouse model of persistent neuropathic pain associated with diet-induced type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male C57BL/6 J mice were fed a high-fat diet for eight weeks to induce type 2 diabetes. Pain-like behaviors were assessed using the von Frey test for mechanical allodynia and the acetone test for cold allodynia. The underlying mechanisms related to redox status and bioenergetics were explored using both in vivo and in vitro approaches.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Chronic administration of plumbagin not only alleviated established mechanical and cold allodynia in mice with type 2 diabetes but also delayed the onset of neuropathic pain under a preventive regimen at lower doses. While plumbagin did not impact on metabolic characteristics of diabetic mice, it corrected mitochondrial bioenergetic deficits in dorsal root ganglion neurons, alleviated oxidative stress in pain-related tissues, and enhanced both sciatic nerve conduction velocity and blood flow. Importantly, the analgesic effects of plumbagin were found to be modulated through pharmacological manipulation of mitochondrial bioenergetic function and redox balance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings demonstrate the analgesic activity of plumbagin in mice with diet-induced type 2 diabetes, an effect that is mechanistically linked to its capacity to enhance mitochondrial bioenergetics and attenuate oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13624258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148405277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between probiotic, prebiotic, and yogurt consumption and colorectal cancer: real-world evidence from the US NHANES.","authors":"Ching-Wei Tu, Ho-Li Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41387-026-00432-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41387-026-00432-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is influenced by genetic, environmental, and dietary factors, with increasing evidence highlighting the role of the gut microbiota in its development. Probiotics, prebiotics, and fermented foods such as yogurt have been recognized for their ability to promote gut microbial balance and potentially reduce CRC risk. This study try to investigate the association between the consumption of these dietary components and CRC prevalence among adults aged 50 years and older.</p><p><strong>Subjects/methods: </strong>This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2020. Dietary intake was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire and the 30-Day Dietary Supplement Use Questionnaire, while CRC history was based on self-reported diagnoses. Multivariable logistic regressions were applied, adjusting for demographic characteristics (age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty income ratio, education), lifestyle factors (smoking status, total energy intake, red meat intake, total dietary fiber intake), and clinical variables (BMI, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, fasting plasma glucose, and serum albumin).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final analytic sample included 9405 participants, representing an estimated 37 million U.S. adults. After adjustment, consumption of probiotics, prebiotics, or yogurt was associated with approximately 50% lower odds of CRC (adjusted odds ratio = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.29-0.88).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings indicate a potential protective association of these dietary components with CRC, likely mediated through modulation of the gut microbiota. While the cross-sectional design limits causal interpretation, the results support existing literature on the beneficial role of diet in cancer prevention. Further longitudinal studies are necessary to confirm these associations and inform public health strategies aimed at reducing CRC risk through targeted dietary interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19339,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Diabetes","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148391590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}