{"title":"The Neurocomputational Mechanism Underlying Decision-Making on Unfairness to Self and Others.","authors":"Lanxin Luo, Han Xu, Xia Tian, Yue Zhao, Ruoling Xiong, Huafeng Dong, Xiaoqing Li, Yuhe Wang, Yue-Jia Luo, Chunliang Feng","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01245-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12264-024-01245-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fairness is a fundamental value in human societies, with individuals concerned about unfairness both to themselves and to others. Nevertheless, an enduring debate focuses on whether self-unfairness and other-unfairness elicit shared or distinct neuropsychological processes. To address this, we combined a three-person ultimatum game with computational modeling and advanced neuroimaging analysis techniques to unravel the behavioral, cognitive, and neural patterns underlying unfairness to self and others. Our behavioral and computational results reveal a heightened concern among participants for self-unfairness over other-unfairness. Moreover, self-unfairness consistently activates brain regions such as the anterior insula, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, spanning various spatial scales that encompass univariate activation, local multivariate patterns, and whole-brain multivariate patterns. These regions are well-established in their association with emotional and cognitive processes relevant to fairness-based decision-making. Conversely, other-unfairness primarily engages the middle occipital gyrus. Collectively, our findings robustly support distinct neurocomputational signatures between self-unfairness and other-unfairness.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1471-1488"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11422400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neuroscience bulletinPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-06-19DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01240-z
Xulin Li, Yuan Zhou, Feng Wang, Liping Wang
{"title":"Sex-Dimorphic Kidney-Brain Connectivity Map of Mice.","authors":"Xulin Li, Yuan Zhou, Feng Wang, Liping Wang","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01240-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12264-024-01240-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The kidneys are essential organs that help maintain homeostasis, and their function is regulated by the neural system. Despite the anatomical multi-synaptic connection between the central autonomic nuclei and the kidneys, it remains unclear whether there are any variations in neural connections between the nervous systems and the renal cortex and medulla in male and female mice. Here, we used the pseudorabies virus to map the central innervation network of the renal cortex and medulla in both sexes. The data revealed that specific brain regions displayed either a contralateral-bias or ipsilateral-bias pattern while kidney-innervating neurons distributed symmetrically in the midbrain and hindbrain. Sex differences were observed in the distribution of neurons connected to the left kidney, as well as those connected to the renal cortex and medulla. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the brain-kidney network in both males and females and may help shed light on gender differences in kidney function and disease susceptibility in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1445-1457"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11422536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141420033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neuroscience bulletinPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-03-08DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01185-3
Wenlu Li, Dan Cao, Jin Li, Tianzi Jiang
{"title":"Face-Specific Activity in the Ventral Stream Visual Cortex Linked to Conscious Face Perception.","authors":"Wenlu Li, Dan Cao, Jin Li, Tianzi Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01185-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12264-024-01185-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>When presented with visual stimuli of face images, the ventral stream visual cortex of the human brain exhibits face-specific activity that is modulated by the physical properties of the input images. However, it is still unclear whether this activity relates to conscious face perception. We explored this issue by using the human intracranial electroencephalography technique. Our results showed that face-specific activity in the ventral stream visual cortex was significantly higher when the subjects subjectively saw faces than when they did not, even when face stimuli were presented in both conditions. In addition, the face-specific neural activity exhibited a more reliable neural response and increased posterior-anterior direction information transfer in the \"seen\" condition than the \"unseen\" condition. Furthermore, the face-specific neural activity was significantly correlated with performance. These findings support the view that face-specific activity in the ventral stream visual cortex is linked to conscious face perception.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1434-1444"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11422301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140060056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cheng Cheng, Guangjie Zhu, Kaijian Wang, Chuan Bu, Siyu Li, Yue Qiu, Jie Lu, Xinya Ji, Wenli Hao, Junguo Wang, Chengwen Zhu, Ye Yang, Yajun Gu, Xiaoyun Qian, Chenjie Yu, Xia Gao
{"title":"Correction to: Deletion of Luzp2 Does Not Cause Hearing Loss in Mice.","authors":"Cheng Cheng, Guangjie Zhu, Kaijian Wang, Chuan Bu, Siyu Li, Yue Qiu, Jie Lu, Xinya Ji, Wenli Hao, Junguo Wang, Chengwen Zhu, Ye Yang, Yajun Gu, Xiaoyun Qian, Chenjie Yu, Xia Gao","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01250-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12264-024-01250-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1597-1598"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11422339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141875519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A New Acquaintance of Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells in the Central Nervous System.","authors":"Zexuan Ma, Wei Zhang, Chenmeng Wang, Yixun Su, Chenju Yi, Jianqin Niu","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01261-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12264-024-01261-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are a heterogeneous multipotent population in the central nervous system (CNS) that appear during embryogenesis and persist as resident cells in the adult brain parenchyma. OPCs could generate oligodendrocytes to participate in myelination. Recent advances have renewed our knowledge of OPC biology by discovering novel markers of oligodendroglial cells, the myelin-independent roles of OPCs, and the regulatory mechanism of OPC development. In this review, we will explore the updated knowledge on OPC identity, their multifaceted roles in the CNS in health and diseases, as well as the regulatory mechanisms that are involved in their developmental stages, which hopefully would contribute to a further understanding of OPCs and attract attention in the field of OPC biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1573-1589"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11422404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Putative Risk Biomarkers of Bipolar Disorder in At-risk Youth.","authors":"Xinyu Meng, Shengmin Zhang, Shuzhe Zhou, Yantao Ma, Xin Yu, Lili Guan","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01219-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12264-024-01219-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bipolar disorder is a highly heritable and functionally impairing disease. The recognition and intervention of BD especially that characterized by early onset remains challenging. Risk biomarkers for predicting BD transition among at-risk youth may improve disease prognosis. We reviewed the more recent clinical studies to find possible pre-diagnostic biomarkers in youth at familial or (and) clinical risk of BD. Here we found that putative biomarkers for predicting conversion to BD include findings from multiple sample sources based on different hypotheses. Putative risk biomarkers shown by perspective studies are higher bipolar polygenetic risk scores, epigenetic alterations, elevated immune parameters, front-limbic system deficits, and brain circuit dysfunction associated with emotion and reward processing. Future studies need to enhance machine learning integration, make clinical detection methods more objective, and improve the quality of cohort studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1557-1572"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11422403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neuroscience bulletinPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-06-03DOI: 10.1007/s12264-024-01235-w
Run-Zhou Yang, Dian-Dian Wang, Sen-Miao Li, Pei-Pei Liu, Jian-Sheng Kang
{"title":"Development and Application of a Mitochondrial Genetically Encoded Voltage Indicator in Narcosis.","authors":"Run-Zhou Yang, Dian-Dian Wang, Sen-Miao Li, Pei-Pei Liu, Jian-Sheng Kang","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01235-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12264-024-01235-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) plays a crucial role in the function of cells and organelles, involving various cellular physiological processes, including energy production, formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), unfolded protein stress, and cell survival. Currently, there is a lack of genetically encoded fluorescence indicators (GEVIs) for MMP. In our screening of various GEVIs for their potential monitoring MMP, the Accelerated Sensor of Action Potentials (ASAP) demonstrated optimal performance in targeting mitochondria and sensitivity to depolarization in multiple cell types. However, mitochondrial ASAPs also displayed sensitivity to ROS in cardiomyocytes. Therefore, two ASAP mutants resistant to ROS were generated. A double mutant ASAP3-ST exhibited the highest voltage sensitivity but weaker fluorescence. Overall, four GEVIs capable of targeting mitochondria were obtained and named mitochondrial potential indicators 1-4 (MPI-1-4). In vivo, fiber photometry experiments utilizing MPI-2 revealed a mitochondrial depolarization during isoflurane-induced narcosis in the M2 cortex.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":" ","pages":"1529-1544"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11422539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A New Perspective on the Prediction and Treatment of Stroke: The Role of Uric Acid.","authors":"Bingrui Zhu, Xiaobin Huang, Jiahao Zhang, Xiaoyu Wang, Sixuan Tian, Tiantong Zhan, Yibo Liu, Haocheng Zhang, Sheng Chen, Cheng Yu","doi":"10.1007/s12264-024-01301-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12264-024-01301-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke, a major cerebrovascular disease, has high morbidity and mortality. Effective methods to reduce the risk and improve the prognosis are lacking. Currently, uric acid (UA) is associated with the pathological mechanism, prognosis, and therapy of stroke. UA plays pro/anti-oxidative and pro-inflammatory roles in vivo. The specific role of UA in stroke, which may have both neuroprotective and damaging effects, remains unclear. There is a U-shaped association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and ischemic stroke (IS). UA therapy provides neuroprotection during reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Urate-lowering therapy (ULT) plays a protective role in IS with hyperuricemia or gout. SUA levels are associated with the cerebrovascular injury mechanism, risk, and outcomes of hemorrhagic stroke. In this review, we summarize the current research on the role of UA in stroke, providing potential targets for its prediction and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19314,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience bulletin","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}