NeuroImage最新文献

{"title":"Task-specific temporal prediction mechanisms revealed by motor and electroencephalographic indicators","authors":"Alana Arrouet ,&nbsp;José Eduardo Marques-Carneiro ,&nbsp;Pierre Marquet ,&nbsp;Anne Giersch","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Time prediction is pervasive, and it is unclear whether it is supra-modal or task-specific. This study aimed to investigate the role of motor temporal prediction in preparing to stop a movement following a sensory stimulus. Participants performed a straight-line movement with their finger until a target signal, which occurred after a short or long foreperiod. In one task, participants changed movement direction between trials (multidirectional task), while in the other, they always moved in the same direction (unidirectional task). The motor trajectory and EEG signals were continuously recorded. During the foreperiod, participants slowed down their movement, reflecting preparation to stop. To assess the influence of motor temporal prediction we examined how a given trial influences performance on the subsequent trial (sequential effect) when the movement changes or stays the same (multi- vs. unidirectional). In the unidirectional task, but not in the multidirectional task we found sequential effects on several behavioural parameters. In contrast, sequential effects were observed in both tasks on EEG results. This study revealed a temporal prediction related to motor movement (behavioural indicators), and a temporal preparation while waiting for the target (EEG indicator). These findings highlight the importance of considering various temporal prediction mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 120982"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural correlates of olfactory working memory in the human brain","authors":"Zhuofeng Li ,&nbsp;Shu-bin Li ,&nbsp;Shaozhen Tan ,&nbsp;Lu-lu Liu ,&nbsp;Chao Yan ,&nbsp;Lai-quan Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has revealed that the insula, pallidum, thalamus, hippocampus, middle frontal gyrus, and supplementary motor area are activated during odor memory and that the performance of olfactory working memory is affected by the verbalization of odors. However, the neural mechanisms underlying olfactory working memory and the role of verbalization in olfactory working memory are not fully understood. Twenty-nine participants were enrolled in a study to complete olfactory and visual n-back tasks using high- and low-verbalizability stimuli while undergoing fMRI imaging. The behavioral results showed that the participants achieved greater accuracy in the visual rather than olfactory n-back task. We observed increased activation in the precentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area, and inferior parietal gyrus during olfactory working memory. Interestingly, decreased activation was observed in the olfactory 2-back task versus the 0-back task. Moreover, the left angular gyrus and inferior parietal gyrus were more strongly activated during processing of olfactory working memory using high-verbalizability odors. In conclusion, olfactory working memory engages cross-modal regions to facilitate responses, is involved in the monitoring and manipulation of information during working memory, and boasts a unique activation pattern that is different from that of visual working memory. Semantic information supports the representation of odor information in the working memory system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 121005"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repairbads: An automatic and adaptive method to repair bad channels and segments for OPM-MEG","authors":"Fulong Wang ,&nbsp;Yujie Ma ,&nbsp;Tianyu Gao ,&nbsp;Yue Tao ,&nbsp;Ruonan Wang ,&nbsp;Ruochen Zhao ,&nbsp;Fuzhi Cao ,&nbsp;Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Ning","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The optically pumped magnetometer (OPM) based magnetoencephalography (MEG) system offers advantages such as flexible layout and wearability. However, the position instability or jitter of OPM sensors can result in bad channels and segments, which significantly impede subsequent preprocessing and analysis. Most common methods directly reject or interpolate to repair these bad channels and segments. Direct rejection leads to data loss, and when the number of sensors is limited, interpolation using neighboring sensors can cause significant signal distortion and cannot repair bad segments present in all channels. Therefore, most existing methods are unsuitable for OPM-MEG systems with fewer channels. We introduce an automatic bad segments and bad channels repair method for OPM-MEG, called Repairbads. This method aims to repair all bad data and reduce signal distortion, especially capable of automatically repairing bad segments present in all channels simultaneously. Repairbads employs Riemannian Potato combined with joint decorrelation to project out artifact components, achieving automatic bad segment repair. Then, an adaptive algorithm is used to segment the signal into relatively stable noise data chunks, and the source-estimate-utilizing noise-discarding algorithm is applied to each chunk to achieve automatic bad channel repair. We compared the performance of Repairbads with the Autoreject method on both simulated and real auditory evoked data, using five evaluation metrics for quantitative assessment. The results demonstrate that Repairbads consistently outperforms across all five metrics. In both simulated and real OPM-MEG data, Repairbads shows better performance than current state-of-the-art methods, reliably repairing bad data with minimal distortion. The automation of this method significantly reduces the burden of manual inspection, promoting the automated processing and clinical application of OPM-MEG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 120996"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional connectome gradient of prefrontal cortex as biomarkers of high risk for internet gaming disorder","authors":"Xinwen Wen ,&nbsp;Lirong Yue ,&nbsp;Zhe Du ,&nbsp;Jiahao Zhao ,&nbsp;Mengjiao Ge ,&nbsp;Cunfeng Yuan ,&nbsp;Hongmei Wang ,&nbsp;Qinghua He ,&nbsp;Kai Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adolescents and young adults are considered a high-risk group for internet gaming disorder (IGD). Early screening for high-risk individuals with IGD and exploring the underlying neural mechanisms is an effective strategy to reduce the harm of IGD. We recruited 219 non-internet gaming addicted college students and evaluated them with magnetic resonance imaging, followed by a two-year longitudinal follow-up. We used functional connectome gradient (FCG) to capture the macroscopic hierarchical organization of human brain. Canonical correlation analysis was employed to identify components mapping relationships between FCG and behavioral scores. Consequently, K-means clustering was used to define distinct subtypes. The risk of developing IGD and FCG patterns were compared among the subtypes. Three subtypes were identified and subtype 3 exhibited the highest risk for developing IGD according to the occurrence rates of IGD two years later: (1) subtype 1 (5.3 %, 4 participants), (2) subtype 2 (10.8 %, 9 participants), (3) subtype 3 (20 %, 12 participants). The abnormal FCG in the inferior frontal gyrus and posterior cingulate cortex at baseline were observed in subtype 3, which were correlated with impulsivity. These findings advanced understanding of the biological and behavioral heterogeneity associated with developing of IGD, and represented a promising step toward the prediction of high-risk individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 121010"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The polarity of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation affects the planning and execution of movement sequences","authors":"Jake J. Son ,&nbsp;Tara D. Erker ,&nbsp;Thomas W. Ward ,&nbsp;Yasra Arif ,&nbsp;Peihan J. Huang ,&nbsp;Jason A. John ,&nbsp;Kellen M. McDonald ,&nbsp;Nathan M. Petro ,&nbsp;Grant M. Garrison ,&nbsp;Hannah J. Okelberry ,&nbsp;Kennedy A. Kress ,&nbsp;Giorgia Picci ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Heinrichs-Graham ,&nbsp;Tony W. Wilson","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Noninvasive brain stimulation of the primary motor cortex has been shown to alter therapeutic outcomes in stroke and other neurological conditions, but the precise mechanisms remain poorly understood. Determining the impact of such neurostimulation on the neural processing supporting motor control is a critical step toward further harnessing its therapeutic potential in multiple neurological conditions affecting the motor system. Herein, we leverage the excellent spatio-temporal precision of magnetoencephalographic (MEG) imaging to identify the spectral, spatial, and temporal effects of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on the neural responses supporting motor control. Participants (N = 67) completed three HD-tDCS visits (anode, cathode, sham), with each involving 20 min of left primary motor cortex stimulation and performance of a simple/complex motor sequencing task during MEG. Whole-brain statistical analyses of beta oscillatory responses revealed stimulation-by-task interaction effects in the left primary motor cortex, right occipitotemporal, and the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortices. Broadly, anodal stimulation induced significantly stronger beta oscillatory responses in these regions during simple movement sequences, while neural responses to complex sequences were not affected by stimulation. En masse, these data suggest that the beta oscillations serving motor planning (i.e., pre-movement) are particularly sensitive to the polarity of noninvasive stimulation and that the impact varies based on the difficulty of the movement sequence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 121018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic reconfiguration of default and frontoparietal network supports creative incubation","authors":"Ziyi Li,&nbsp;Ze Zhang,&nbsp;Tengteng Tan,&nbsp;Jing Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although creative ideas often emerge during distraction activities unrelated to the creative task, empirical research has yet to reveal the underlying neurocognitive mechanism. Using an incubation paradigm, we temporarily disengaged participants from the initial creative ideation task and required them to conduct two different distraction activities (moderately-demanding: 1-back working memory task, non-demanding: 0-back choice reaction time task), then returned them to the previous creative task. On the process of creative ideation, we calculated the representational dissimilarities between the two creative ideation phases before and after incubation period to estimate the neural representational change underlying successful incubation. The results found that, for the 0-back condition, successful incubation was associated with the representational change in precuneus (PCU), whereas for the 1-back condition, it was associated with change in rostrolateral PFC (rlPFC), suggesting the dual processes of the DMN-mediated associative thinking and PFC-mediated controlled thinking for the 0- or the 1-back incubation conditions to prompt creation. On the incubation delay, we found the successful incubation in both conditions was accompanied with network integration between frontoparietal (FP) and default mode (DM) network, further suggesting the coupling of the controlled- and associative-thinking for the incubation to work. Moreover, we found the FP-DM integration during incubation period could respectively predict the representational change in PCU or rlPFC in the creative ideation phase of 0- or 1-back condition. This means both conditions benefits from the coordination of the controlled and of the associative thinking in incubation period, but for the representational change in creative ideation phase, 1-back condition relies more on the controlled thinking, whereas the 0-back on the associative ones. Additionally, we created a neural encoding indicator to assess the degree to which temporal activities in the rlPFC or PCU during incubation delay is related to the after-incubation successful problem-solving, and we found a positive relation between this indicator and dynamic reconfiguration of brain networks. This further indicates that FP-DM integration supports creative incubation through offline processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 121021"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association among individual gray matter volume of frontal-limbic circuitry, fatigue susceptibility, and comorbid neuropsychiatric symptoms following COVID-19","authors":"Xuan Niu ,&nbsp;Wenrui Bao ,&nbsp;Zhaoyao Luo ,&nbsp;Pang Du ,&nbsp;Heping Zhou ,&nbsp;Haiyang Liu ,&nbsp;Baoqi Wang ,&nbsp;Huawen Zhang ,&nbsp;Bo Wang ,&nbsp;Baoqin Guo ,&nbsp;Hui Ma ,&nbsp;Tao Lu ,&nbsp;Yuchen Zhang ,&nbsp;Junya Mu ,&nbsp;Shaohui Ma ,&nbsp;Jixin Liu ,&nbsp;Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Fatigue is often accompanied by comorbid sleep disturbance and psychiatric distress following the COVID-19 infection. However, identifying individuals at risk for developing post-COVID fatigue remains challenging. This study aimed to identify the neurobiological markers underlying fatigue susceptibility and further investigate their effect on COVID-19-related neuropsychiatric symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Individuals following a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection (COV+) underwent neuropsychiatric measurements (<em>n</em> = 335) and MRI scans (<em>n</em> = 271) within 1 month (baseline), and 191 (70.5 %) of the individuals were followed up 3 months after infection. Sixty-seven healthy controls (COV−) completed the same recruitment protocol.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Whole-brain voxel-wise analysis showed that gray matter volume (GMV) during the acute phase did not differ between the COV+ and COV− groups. GMV in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) were associated with fatigue severity only in the COV+ group at baseline, which were assigned to the frontal system and limbic system, respectively. Furthermore, fatigue mediated the associations between volume differences in fatigue susceptibility and COVID-related sleep, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression. Crucially, the initial GMV in the right DLPFC can predict fatigue symptoms 3 months after infection.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We provide novel evidence on the neuroanatomical basis of fatigue vulnerability and emphasize that acute fatigue is an important link between early GMV in the frontal-limbic regions and comorbid neuropsychiatric symptoms at baseline and 3 months after infection. Our findings highlight the role of the frontal-limbic system in predisposing individuals to develop post-COVID fatigue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 121011"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individualized brain radiomics-based network tracks distinct subtypes and abnormal patterns in prodromal Parkinson's disease","authors":"Lin Hua ,&nbsp;Canpeng Huang ,&nbsp;Xinglin Zeng ,&nbsp;Fei Gao ,&nbsp;Zhen Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals in the prodromal phase of Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibit significant heterogeneity and can be divided into distinct subtypes based on clinical symptoms, pathological mechanisms, and brain network patterns. However, little has been done regarding the valid subtyping of prodromal PD, which hinders the early diagnosis of PD. Therefore, we aimed to identify the subtypes of prodromal PD using the brain radiomics-based network and examine the unique patterns linked to the clinical presentations of each subtype. Individualized brain radiomics-based network was constructed for normal controls (NC; N = 110), prodromal PD patients (N = 262), and PD patients (N = 108). A data-driven clustering approach using the radiomics-based network was carried out to cluster prodromal PD patients into higher-/lower-risk subtypes. Then, the dissociated patterns of clinical manifestations, anatomical structure alterations, and gene expression between these two subtypes were evaluated. Clustering findings indicated that one prodromal PD subtype closely resembled the pattern of NCs (N-P; N = 159), while the other was similar to the pattern of PD (P-P; N = 103). Significant differences were observed between the subtypes in terms of multiple clinical measurements, neuroimaging for morphological changes, and gene enrichment for synaptic transmission. Identification of prodromal PD subtypes based on brain connectomes and a full understanding of heterogeneity at this phase could inform early and accurate PD diagnosis and effective neuroprotective interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 121012"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pragmatic algorithm for visual assessment of 4-Repeat tauopathies in [18F]PI-2620 PET Scans","authors":"Theresa Bauer ,&nbsp;Matthias Brendel ,&nbsp;Mirlind Zaganjori ,&nbsp;Alexander M. Bernhardt ,&nbsp;Alexander Jäck ,&nbsp;Sophia Stöcklein ,&nbsp;Maximilian Scheifele ,&nbsp;Johannes Levin ,&nbsp;Thilo van Eimeren ,&nbsp;Alexander Drzezga ,&nbsp;Osama Sabri ,&nbsp;Henryk Barthel ,&nbsp;Robert Perneczky ,&nbsp;Günter Höglinger ,&nbsp;Nicolai Franzmeier ,&nbsp;Johannes Gnörich ,&nbsp;German Imaging Initiative for Tauopathies (GII4T)","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Standardized evaluation of [¹⁸F]PI-2620 tau-PET scans in 4R-tauopathies represents an unmet need in clinical practice. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of visual evaluation of [¹⁸F]PI-2620 images for diagnosing 4R-tauopathies and to develop a straight-forward reading algorithm to improve objectivity and data reproducibility.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 83 individuals with [¹⁸F]PI-2620 PET scans were included. Participants were classified as probable 4R-tauopathies (<em>n</em> = 29), Alzheimer's disease (AD) (<em>n</em> = 20), α-synucleinopathies (<em>n</em> = 15), and healthy controls (<em>n</em> = 19) based on clinical criteria. Visual assessment of tau-PET scans (choice: 4R-tauopathy, AD-tauopathy, no-tauopathy) was conducted using either 20–40-minute or 40–60-minute intervals, with raw (common) and cerebellar grey matter scaled standardized reading settings (intensity-scaled). Two readers evaluated scans independently and blinded, with a third reader providing consensus in case of discrepant primary evaluation. A regional analysis was performed using the cortex, basal ganglia, midbrain, and dentate nucleus. Sensitivity, specificity, and interrater agreement were calculated for all settings and compared against the visual reads of parametric images (0–60-minutes, distribution volume ratios, DVR).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with 4R-tauopathies in contrast to non-4R-tauopathies were detected at higher sensitivity in the 20–40-minute frame (common: 79%, scaled: 76%) compared to the 40–60-minute frame (common: 55%, scaled: 62%), albeit with reduced specificity in the common setting (20–40-min: 78%, 40–60-min: 95%), which was ameliorated in the intensity-scaled setting (20–40-min: 91%, 40–60-min: 96%). Combined assessment of multiple brain regions did not significantly improve diagnostic sensitivity, compared to assessing the basal ganglia alone (76% each). Evaluation of intensity-scaled parametric images resulted in higher sensitivity compared to intensity-scaled static scans (86% vs. 76%) at similar specificity (89% vs. 91%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Visual reading of [¹⁸F]PI-2620 tau-PET scans demonstrated reliable detection of 4R-tauopathies, particularly when standardized processing methods and early imaging windows were employed. Parametric images should be preferred for visual assessment of 4R-tauopathies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 121001"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond what was said: Neural computations underlying pragmatic reasoning in referential communication","authors":"Shanshan Zhen ,&nbsp;Mario Martinez-Saito ,&nbsp;Rongjun Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability to infer a speaker's utterance within a particular context for the intended meaning is central to communication. Yet, little is known about the underlying neurocomputational mechanisms of pragmatic inference, let alone relevant differences among individuals. Here, using a reference game combined with model-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we showed that an individual-level pragmatic inference model was a better predictor of listeners’ performance than a population-level model. Our fMRI results showed that Bayesian posterior probability was positively correlated with activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and ventral striatum and negatively correlated with activity in dorsomedial PFC, anterior insula (AI), and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Importantly, individual differences in higher-order reasoning were correlated with stronger activation in IFG and AI and positively modulated the vmPFC functional connectivity with AI. Our findings provide a preliminary neurocomputational account of how the brain represents Bayesian belief inferences and the neural basis of heterogeneity in such reasoning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"306 ","pages":"Article 121022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142971708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}