NeuroImage最新文献

{"title":"Multimodal personalization of transcranial direct current stimulation for modulation of sensorimotor integration","authors":"Jan-Ole Radecke ,&nbsp;Alexander Kühn ,&nbsp;Tim Erdbrügger ,&nbsp;Yvonne Buschermöhle ,&nbsp;Sogand Rashidi ,&nbsp;Hannah Stöckler ,&nbsp;Benjamin Sack ,&nbsp;Stefan Borgwardt ,&nbsp;Till R. Schneider ,&nbsp;Joachim Gross ,&nbsp;Carsten H. Wolters ,&nbsp;Andreas Sprenger ,&nbsp;Rebekka Lencer","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for the modulation of smooth pursuit eye movements provides an ideal model for investigating sensorimotor integration. Within neural networks subserving smooth pursuit, visual area V5 is a core hub where visual motion information is integrated with oculomotor control. Here, we applied personalized tDCS explicitly targeting individual V5 in healthy human participants using algorithmic optimization informed by functional magnetic resonance imaging and combined electro- and magnetoencephalography. We hypothesized subtle modulation of sensorimotor integration during pursuit and assessed the effects of personalized anodal and cathodal tDCS targeting V5 compared to (a) sham stimulation, (b) personalized tDCS targeting the frontal eye field (FEF), and (c) conventional normative tDCS over V5. We found pursuit initiation specifically delayed during personalized cathodal tDCS targeting right V5 suggesting the involvement of distinct functional subregions of V5 in initial sensorimotor integration of visual motion information during pursuit eye movements. Results were extensively controlled by anodal and sham tDCS, different pursuit tasks, and finite-element simulations of individual electric fields. Importantly, in contrast to the two control experiments (personalized tDCS targeting FEF and normative tDCS over V5) personalized tDCS targeting V5 effectively modulated pursuit by adapting electric fields to individual anatomical and functional V5 properties. Our results provide evidence for the ability of personalized tDCS targeting V5 to introduce targeted subtle modulation of sensorimotor integration, specifically during smooth pursuit initiation. Further, our results indicate the potential of personalized tDCS to alter behavior as the main aspect of interest in human neuromodulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 121327"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analgesic aftereffects of alpha high-definition transcranial alternating current stimulation over the DLPFC during experimental pain","authors":"Baijintao Sun ,&nbsp;Chuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Qingwei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoxue Xu ,&nbsp;Jixin Liu ,&nbsp;Hanfeng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-definition transcranial alternating current stimulation (HD-tACS) targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) holds promise for pain management, though its neurobiological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether alpha HD-tACS applied to the left DLPFC modulates gamma oscillations to sustain analgesia during capsaicin-induced experimental pain (0.1% Capsaicin cream). Forty-five healthy participants underwent a single-blind, within-subject, sham-controlled protocol. EEG recordings were taken at three key time points: baseline (resting state), 5 minutes post-HD-tACS, and 15 minutes post-HD-tACS. Numeric rating scale (NRS) and oscillatory power changes were analyzed before, during, and after both active and sham stimulation. Results showed that active alpha HD-tACS significantly reduced NRS and area under curve (AUC) scores during both the stimulation period (0-30 minutes) and the post-stimulation period (30-60 minutes) compared to sham. EEG analyses revealed increased theta (4-7 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz), beta(14-29 Hz), and low gamma (30-55 Hz) oscillations in the left DLPFC post-stimulation, but only low gamma oscillations passed the false discovery rate (FDR) correction. These findings suggest that alpha HD-tACS induces delayed analgesia by modulating low gamma oscillations in the DLPFC, highlighting its potential as a tool for optimizing non-invasive neuromodulation in pain therapy. The study bridges mechanistic insights with clinical outcomes, emphasizing the role of DLPFC low gamma activity in maintaining endogenous pain control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 121332"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive dual-brain stimulation facilitates social cooperation through enhancing interpersonal neural synchronization","authors":"Lifen Zheng ,&nbsp;Chunming Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121326","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121326","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reciprocal altruism-based cooperation is ubiquitous among humans and plays a crucial role in the survival and evolutionary trajectories of human beings. Prior research has been capable of comprehending social cooperation by examining the patterns of interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) during real bidirectional social interactions, rather than focusing on single-brain responses to external stimuli. However, the causal influence of INS on cooperative strategic behaviors remains unclear. To address this gap, we directly modulated the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ)’s INS between individuals in 81 dyads during a Prisoner's Dilemma task using the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) technique. The results indicated that active dual-brain tDCS on both individuals’ rTPJ during the task significantly enhanced INS, whereas sham dual-brain, control-region dual-brain, or single-brain stimulation had no such effect. This effect was further validated through an on-off mode of stimulation manipulation. Moreover, compared to sham dual-brain tDCS, the active dual-brain tDCS significantly increased the rate of cooperative strategic behaviors as well as the dyadic economic gains. Mediation analysis revealed that strategic behaviors mediated the relationship between INS enhancement and economic gains. These findings provide direct evidence for the crucial role of INS in social cooperation and offer a novel approach to promoting social cooperation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 121326"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flanking age: Multilingualism and its role in shaping cognitive decline and neural dynamics","authors":"Kirill Elin ,&nbsp;Federico Gallo ,&nbsp;Anders Gabrielsen ,&nbsp;Toms Voits ,&nbsp;Jason Rothman ,&nbsp;Vincent DeLuca","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates how individual multilingual engagement modulates brain oscillatory activity and cognitive control across the lifespan, using both resting-state and task-based EEG with a Flanker task. We assessed whether degree of multilingual engagement moderates age-related changes in theta and alpha power and examined how these changes impact task-specific neural dynamics and behavioral performance.</div><div>Higher degree of multilingual engagement was associated with weaker negative correlations between increasing age and resting-state theta and alpha power. Our analyses of task-based data revealed that older participants with higher degree of multilingual engagement exhibited a smaller Flanker congruency effect (CE) and less reliance on alpha suppression. These patterns may show more efficient interference suppression in this group. In contrast, older adults with lower multilingual engagement demonstrated larger CE and greater alpha suppression, reflecting potentially less efficient neural recruitment. Notably, our findings indicate that effects of higher degree of multilingual engagement extend beyond resting-state dynamics. Specifically, they also impact recruitment patterns in response to cognitive control demands across the lifespan supporting the notion of maintenance of cognitive control mechanisms with increasing age. Interestingly, the hypothesized link between resting-state and task-based power was not observed, suggesting a more complex nature of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between baseline and task-specific activity.</div><div>By examining resting-state and task-based activity in cognitive control (and potential links between them), this study adds to the growing body of evidence on multilingualism as a lifestyle factor that can contribute to healthier cognitive aging through neurocognitive adaptations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 121312"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripersonal and extrapersonal space encoding in virtual reality: Insights from an fMRI study","authors":"Meret Mertens ,&nbsp;Ferdinand Binkofski ,&nbsp;Bruno Leitão ,&nbsp;Bichr Grii ,&nbsp;Rea Rodriguez-Raecke ,&nbsp;André Schüppen ,&nbsp;Antonello Pellicano ,&nbsp;Lukas Lorentz ,&nbsp;Rik Sijben","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The brain processes objects in reachable peripersonal space and non-reachable extrapersonal space in different neural networks. In contrast to extrapersonal space, spatial processing in peripersonal space is linked to the activation of affordances in dorsal visual pathways. However, the literature on how object characteristics like size, graspability and stereoscopic presentation influence object processing in virtual environments is still unclear.</div><div>In the current study, 44 healthy participants performed a visual discrimination task involving graspable objects presented in peripersonal space and extrapersonal space. The paradigm was presented via MRI-compatible goggles during fMRI scanning. The four sessions alternated between monoscopic and stereoscopic presentations and stimuli varied within the sessions in apparent distance, size, and orientation. To validate the effect of distance, the pixel size of objects was also controlled. Stereoscopic presentation enhanced dorsal stream activation, particularly in V5/MT, lateral occipital cortex and the posterior intraparietal sulcus, associated with depth processing, suggesting increased peripersonal space processing. In addition to that, analyses revealed characteristic bilateral activation patterns of primary to tertiary visual areas, extending dorsally from the lateral occipital cortex to the posterior intraparietal sulcus for stimuli in peripersonal space, while extrapersonal space activated mostly ventral regions of the tertiary visual cortex. Notably, as the first study to control for pixel object size, these patterns persist, indicating that stimuli in peripersonal space engage the dorsal visual stream, potentially reflecting action-oriented and grasping feature encoding linked to their interactive affordances, while stimuli in extrapersonal space engage ventral regions primarily mediating semantic aspects and scene analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 121325"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Causal Tractography Analysis of Auditory Descriptive Naming: An Intracranial Study of 106 Patients","authors":"Aya Kanno ,&nbsp;Ryuzaburo Kochi ,&nbsp;Kazuki Sakakura ,&nbsp;Yu Kitazawa ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Uda ,&nbsp;Riyo Ueda ,&nbsp;Masaki Sonoda ,&nbsp;Min-Hee Lee ,&nbsp;Jeong-Won Jeong ,&nbsp;Robert Rothermel ,&nbsp;Aimee F. Luat ,&nbsp;Eishi Asano","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121319","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121319","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Humans understand and respond to spoken questions through coordinated activity across distributed cortical networks. However, the causal roles of network engagements alternating across multiple white matter bundles remain understudied at the whole-brain scale. Using intracranial high-gamma activity recorded from 7,792 non-epileptic electrode sites in 106 epilepsy patients who underwent direct cortical stimulation mapping, we constructed an atlas visualizing the millisecond-scale dynamics of functional coactivation and co-inactivation networks during a naming task conducted in response to auditory questions. This atlas, termed the Dynamic Causal Tractography Atlas, identified functional coactivation patterns within specific time windows that were most strongly associated with stimulation-induced language and speech manifestations (p-value range: 2.5 × 10^-5 to 6.6 × 10^-14; rho range: +0.54 to +0.82). The atlas revealed that no single intra-hemispheric fasciculus was consistently engaged in all naming stages; instead, each fasciculus supported specific stages, with multiple distinct major fasciculi simultaneously contributing to each stage. Additionally, this atlas identified the specific linguistic stages and fasciculi where handedness effects became evident. Our findings clarify the dynamics and causal roles of alternating, coordinated neural activity through specific fasciculi during auditory descriptive naming, advancing current neurobiological models of speech network organization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 121319"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Facial expressions selectively modulate P300 somatosensory evoked-potential, but emotional scenes do not: Electrophysiological evidence for sensorimotor simulation","authors":"Sara Costa ,&nbsp;Arianna Schiano Lomoriello ,&nbsp;Thomas Quettier ,&nbsp;Fausto Caruana ,&nbsp;Pier Francesco Ferrari ,&nbsp;Paola Sessa","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The role of the sensorimotor cortices in processing facial expressions remains a topic of debate. While substantial evidence supports their involvement via simulation and mirroring mechanisms, an alternative view argues that sensorimotor activation reflects a general emotional tuning to affective content. To clarify these competing hypotheses, we examined sensorimotor responses to emotional (disgusting) scenes—which evoke affect without requiring simulation—and emotional (disgusted) facial expressions. In one-third of trials, gentle tactile stimulation was applied to the left levator labii superioris muscle at two time points to elicit somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs). A subtraction approach was used to isolate pure somatosensory activity by removing visual-only responses (VEP) from combined visual-tactile responses (SEP+VEP), with a blank-screen condition as an additional baseline.</div><div>We observed a small but significant reduction in P300 SEP amplitude at right central, centro-frontal, and centro-parietal electrodes when tactile stimulation followed disgusted facial expressions compared to disgusting scenes. This effect was independent of subjective ratings of arousal and valence. Importantly, only SEPs following facial expressions differed significantly from those following tactile stimulation alone, suggesting a specific modulation by facial expression processing. Despite the relatively small amplitude of the observed effects, and the somewhat preliminary nature of the results, these findings provide novel evidence that facial expressions engage the sensorimotor system in a specific and privileged manner, consistent with the simulation hypothesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 121322"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional ultrasound as a quantitative approach for measuring functional hyperemia in aging models","authors":"Jessica Pinckard ,&nbsp;Sharon Negri ,&nbsp;Cade A Huston ,&nbsp;Marisa A Bickel ,&nbsp;Michaela L Vance ,&nbsp;Madison Milan ,&nbsp;Clara L Hibbs ,&nbsp;Madeline Budda ,&nbsp;Siva Sai Chandragiri ,&nbsp;Kaitlyn Pipkin ,&nbsp;Stefano Tarantini ,&nbsp;Shannon M Conley","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121313","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121313","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Backgrounds and Objectives: Aging is associated with impaired cerebrovascular function, including reduced functional hyperemia (FH), which contributes to cognitive decline and dementia. Unraveling the mechanisms responsible for FH decline during aging is crucial for developing interventions to promote healthy brain aging and mitigate cognitive impairment. Currently, laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) serves as the standard method for assessing FH in mouse models of cognitive dysfunction and aging. However, as a terminal procedure, long-term monitoring of changes in FH using LSCI is not possible. Functional ultrasound imaging (fUS) has improved spatial and temporal resolution compared to LSCI and is a promising alternative, but surgical manipulation of the mouse model is necessary to assess FH using fUS. Research Design and Methods: Here, we validated fUS as a novel method for assessing FH and vascular density in mice using a chronological aging model and compared different surgical paradigms. Young and aged mice underwent consecutive imaging with fUS and LSCI following surgical placement of a cranial window. Mice were imaged either acutely or 14 days post window placement. Results: Our findings revealed a robust correlation between the FH measurements obtained from fUS and LSCI in mice allowed to recover for 14 days post window-implantation, underscoring the reliability of fUS as a measurement tool. Similarly, the ability of fUS ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) to detect age-related vascular rarefaction was improved by the 14-day recovery time after window implantation. Discussion and Implications: This study not only highlights the potential of fUS in FH assessment but also suggests the importance of recovery time post-surgery for optimal cerebrovascular imaging results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"316 ","pages":"Article 121313"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144263039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the geometry of somatosensory representations in the Cortex","authors":"Noam Saadon-Grosman ,&nbsp;Tsahi Asher ,&nbsp;Yonatan Loewenstein","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121321","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121321","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The processing of somatosensory information in the cortex is often described using body maps, where adjacent cortical regions correspond to adjacent body parts. Additionally, the somatosensory cortex follows a hierarchical structure, which extends from the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) to higher cortical regions. While previous studies have identified multiple body maps and various hierarchy relations, the large-scale organization of these maps and their interactions have been less explored. Using functional MRI with full-body light touch stimulation, we discovered that in S1, body and hierarchy maps are orthogonal, but this orthogonality does not extend to other regions. On a larger scale, both body representation and hierarchy exhibit a radial organization, with a few central extrema governing numerous cortical regions. Similar patterns of radial organization in the visual and auditory systems suggest that radial topography may be a general organizational feature across sensory systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 121321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurovascular coupling of inhibitory control in late-onset depression: a simultaneous EEG-fMRI study","authors":"Elena Bondi ,&nbsp;Alessandro Pigoni ,&nbsp;Adele Ferro ,&nbsp;Maria Pia Marra ,&nbsp;Guido Nosari ,&nbsp;Giandomenico Schiena ,&nbsp;Fabio M. Triulzi ,&nbsp;Anna M. Bianchi ,&nbsp;Paolo Brambilla ,&nbsp;Eleonora Maggioni","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depression is a leading cause of disability that exerts an impact on neurocognitive functions. Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) have shown alterations of processes underlying response inhibition, which is the cognitive process that permits the suppression of habitual or natural behavioural responses to stimuli to select a more appropriate response that is coherent with the goal; these alterations have been correlated with cognitive deficits, especially in older adults. Electrophysiological (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have investigated the neuronal and hemodynamic process underlying inhibition through tasks measuring the ability to suppress a dominant response when non-target stimuli are shown and reported differences between healthy controls (HCs) and MDD subjects. However, these were unimodal studies that provided an incomplete picture of the phenomenon, due to the single technique sensitivity and limited by the characteristics of each technique itself.</div><div>In this study, we performed an EEG-driven fMRI analysis to explore the different hemodynamic correlates of specific event-related potentials (ERPs) of inhibitory control in late-onset MDD during a visuomotor Go/No-Go task. The dataset was composed of 18 older adult HCs and 18 late-onset MDD patients.</div><div>Behavioral analysis showed higher response time to target stimuli in inhibitory blocks and lower percentage of correct answers for target stimuli in MDD compared to HCs. ERP analysis revealed the inhibitory effect for both N2 and P3 in both groups. Moreover, EEG-driven fMRI analysis showed alterations in the MDD group in the superior temporal gyrus and cerebellar areas for N2 correlates, whereas in the supramarginal, left rolandic, and Heschl’s areas for P3 correlates.</div><div>The study showed the potentiality of the EEG-fMRI integration for investigating complex cognitive processes. Specifically, the EEG-driven fMRI analyses showed different correlates for separate cognitive processing steps, N2 and P3, highlighting differences between MDD and HC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 121320"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}