NeuroImage最新文献

{"title":"Neural-linguistic analysis for Alzheimer’s detection: A deep learning approach informed by cognitive neuroscience","authors":"Jianhui Lv ,&nbsp;Shalli Rani ,&nbsp;Keqin Li ,&nbsp;Ning Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that disrupts cognitive function across multiple domains, particularly affecting language networks and speech production pathways in the brain. Patients demonstrate symptoms including aphasia, reduced syntactic complexity, and diminished verbal fluency that reflects underlying neural pathology in language-related cortical areas. Current detection methods rely on resource-intensive neuroimaging, invasive biomarker sampling, and extensive neuropsychological testing, creating substantial barriers to early diagnosis. While researchers have explored using acoustic features, paralinguistic markers, and text-based features for AD detection, existing approaches face fundamental limitations: traditional acoustic methods fail to capture semantic-cognitive content, text transcription is labor-intensive, and automatic speech recognition quality suffers due to pronunciation variations and cognitive impairments in elderly populations. This paper introduces cognitive acoustic symbolic transformation for ALzheimer’s (COASTAL), a neurobiologically-inspired framework that models hierarchical speech processing pathways. COASTAL transforms acoustic patterns into discrete symbolic elements through a specialized transformation module before applying contextual analysis that mirrors prefrontal-temporal language networks. Evaluated on the ADReSSo corpus, COASTAL achieved 70.42% accuracy, outperforming established baselines by 5.63%. Integration with complementary self-supervised approaches through hierarchical fusion improved performance to 77.46%. Analysis revealed that preserving fine-grained temporal features through shallower transformation architecture significantly enhanced diagnostic accuracy, aligning with neuropsychological evidence that subtle timing patterns in speech provide sensitive markers of cognitive decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 121739"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing electrode placement and information capacity for local field potentials in cortex","authors":"Jace A. Willis ,&nbsp;Christopher E. Wright ,&nbsp;Ruoqian Zhu ,&nbsp;Yilan Ruan ,&nbsp;Joshua Stallings ,&nbsp;Amada M. Abrego ,&nbsp;Takfarinas Medani ,&nbsp;Promit Moitra ,&nbsp;Arjun Ramakrishnan ,&nbsp;Charles E. Schroeder ,&nbsp;Anand A. Joshi ,&nbsp;Nitin Tandon ,&nbsp;Richard M. Leahy ,&nbsp;John C. Mosher ,&nbsp;John P. Seymour","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent neurosurgery advancements include improved stereotactic targeting and increased density and specificity of electrophysiological evaluation. This study introduces a subject-specific, in silico modeling tool for optimizing electrode placement and maximizing coverage with a variety of devices. The basis for optimization is the Shannon-Hartley information capacity of field potentials derived from dipolar sources. The approach integrates subject-specific MRI data with finite element modeling (FEM) used to simulate the sensitivity of subdural and intracortical devices. Sensitivity maps, or lead fields, from these models enable the comparison of different electrode placements, contact sizes, contact configurations, and substrate properties, which are often overlooked factors. One key tool is a genetic algorithm that optimizes electrode placement by maximizing information capacity. Another is a sparse sensor method, Sparse Electrode Placement for Input Optimization (SEPIO), that selects the best sensor subsets for accurate source classification. We demonstrate several use cases for clinicians, engineers, and researchers. Overall, these open-source tools provide a quantitative framework to select devices from a neurosurgical armament and to optimize device and contact placement. Using these tools may help refine electrode coverage with low channel count devices while minimizing the burden of invasive surgery. The study demonstrates that optimized electrode placement significantly improves the information capacity and signal quality of local field potential (LFP) recordings. The tools developed offer a valuable approach for refining neurosurgical techniques and enhancing the design of neural implants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 121747"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal P2X7R and myelin PET reveal distinct neuroinflammatory and white matter signatures compared with TSPO PET and DTI-MRI in the TgF344-AD rat model","authors":"Oscar Moreno ,&nbsp;Izaro Fernández ,&nbsp;Sandra Plaza-García ,&nbsp;Daniel Padro ,&nbsp;Zuriñe Baz ,&nbsp;Pedro Ramos-Cabrer ,&nbsp;Abraham Martín ,&nbsp;Jordi Llop","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging evidence links glial activation, particularly microglia, to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. While TSPO PET (positron emission tomography) imaging detects neuroinflammation, its limitations drive interest in alternative targets like the P2X7 receptor. Myelin loss, potentially tied to chronic inflammation, is increasingly recognized as a key hallmark in AD, though the timing and relationship between neuroinflammation and demyelination remain poorly understood.</div><div>We conducted a longitudinal PET study from 4 to 22 months of age in TgF344-AD rats and wild-type controls to assess neuroinflammation with [¹⁸F]JNJ-64413739 (P2X7R) and [¹⁸F]DPA-714 (TSPO) only at 22 months, alongside myelin content using [¹⁸F]Florbetaben. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to study variations on myelin structure in old AD and WT rats. <em>In vitro</em> studies, including autoradiography, immunofluorescence and staining were used to support the <em>in vivo</em> results.</div><div>[¹⁸F]JNJ-64413739 PET showed increased P2X7 receptor expression in AD and control animals over time, while [¹⁸F]DPA-714 PET showed significant differences between groups at 22 months. [¹⁸F]Florbetaben PET showed different uptake in white matter rich areas between groups with observed demyelination in AD rats at 20 months in the brain stem, supported by diffusional MRI findings.</div><div>In our study, P2X7R overexpression was attributed to aging rather than genotype effects, and no link was found to the observed demyelination in AD rats. Conversely, increased TSPO neuroinflammation in TgF344-AD rats correlated with myelin loss and the reported cognitive decline in this model. Our results support the use of the TgF344-AD model to study early AD pathology, focusing on neuroinflammation and white matter integrity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 121753"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146046383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A nap can recalibrate homeostatic and associative synaptic plasticity in the human cortex","authors":"Kristoffer D. Fehér ,&nbsp;Pauline Henckaerts ,&nbsp;Valentin Hirsch ,&nbsp;Ulrike Bucsenez ,&nbsp;Marion Kuhn ,&nbsp;Jonathan G. Maier ,&nbsp;Carlotta L. Schneider ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Hertenstein ,&nbsp;Christian Mikutta ,&nbsp;Dieter Riemann ,&nbsp;Bernd Feige ,&nbsp;Christoph Nissen","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nighttime sleep renormalizes net synaptic strength (homeostatic plasticity) and the inducibility of long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity (associative plasticity) in the cortex. However, whether an afternoon nap is sufficient for this process remains to be characterized.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty healthy adults participated in a repeated measures sleep laboratory study with an adaptation and two experimental sessions – nap and wake (1:15–2:15 <span>pm</span>). After the nap or wake session, non-invasive indices of net synaptic strength (indexed by transcranial magnetic stimulation, TMS-probed corticospinal excitability and wake EEG theta activity) and inducibility of LTP-like plasticity (indexed by TMS-induced motor evoked potentials, MEPs, following paired associative stimulation, PAS) were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We observed indices of reduced net synaptic strength after sleep compared to wakefulness, evidenced by a higher TMS intensity needed to induce MEPs and reduced wake EEG theta activity. Additionally, we observed an increase in the inducibility of associative synaptic plasticity after sleep, as evidenced by a greater increase in TMS-induced MEPs in response to PAS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study reinforces the restorative effect of sleep for homeostatic and associative synaptic plasticity in the human cortex and demonstrates that even a short nap can promote this process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 121723"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145990036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An intracranial insight into (the timing of) the action observation network","authors":"Maria Del Vecchio ,&nbsp;Fausto Caruana ,&nbsp;Flavia Maria Zauli ,&nbsp;Veronica Pelliccia ,&nbsp;Ivana Sartori ,&nbsp;Piergiorgio d’Orio ,&nbsp;Francesca Talami ,&nbsp;Simone Del Sorbo ,&nbsp;Davide Albertini ,&nbsp;Giacomo Rizzolatti ,&nbsp;Pietro Avanzini","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Action Observation Network (AON) is a large-scale brain network that supports the perceptual encoding and recognition of actions performed by others. The identification of the nodes of the human AON has been clarified over the past 30 years thanks to the high spatial resolution of neuroimaging techniques. The temporal dynamics underpinning their activations is in contrast still unsettled, because of methodological constraints. Here we investigate the timing of the AON components by intracranially recording gamma-band oscillations from 23 drug-resistant epileptic patients during the observation, and execution, of naturalistic, complex actions (including reaching, grasping, and object manipulation). Our analysis enabled us to decompose the AON into 10 distinct spatio-temporal clusters, five of which are composed of multiple cortical territories that are synergistically activated. The resulting four-dimensional representation of the AON, examined alongside its counterpart during the execution of the same action, highlights the specific functions fulfilled by each territory, distinguishing regions that process lower-order visual aspects from those that mirror specific aspects of the action. These include two spatio-temporal clusters located in dorsal and ventral fronto-parieto-temporal territories, specifically encoding the reaching phase (dorsal) and the object-contact phase (ventral). A third cluster, confined to the posterior perisylvian region, is associated with object manipulation. Overall, our work brings out the overlooked temporal details of the AON in humans and assesses their relationship with the execution of a real-time full-fledged action, spotlighting the importance of a fourth dimension in investigating the motor system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 121714"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145990106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal evolution of neural codes: The added value of a geometric approach to linear coefficients","authors":"Théo Desbordes ,&nbsp;Itsaso Olasagasti ,&nbsp;Nicolas Piron ,&nbsp;Sophie Schwartz ,&nbsp;Nina Kazanina","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multivariate decoding analyses have become a cornerstone method in cognitive neuroscience. When applied to time-resolved brain imaging signals, they provide insights into the temporal dynamics of information processing in the brain. In particular, the temporal generalization (TG) method—where a decoder trained at one time point is tested on others—is commonly used to assess the stability of neural representations over time. However, TG performance can be ambiguous: distinct representational dynamics—such as sparse versus distributed activity, or scaling of activity versus recruitment of new units—can yield similar TG matrices. Moreover, even when generalization is strong, underlying neural representations may still be evolving in ways that TG alone fails to reveal. This ambiguity of performance profiles can mask meaningful changes in the geometry of neural representations. In this study, we use controlled simulations to demonstrate how different dynamic processes can produce indistinguishable TG profiles. To resolve these ambiguities, we propose a complementary approach based on the geometry of the learned linear coefficients. Specifically, we quantify the <strong>Rotation Angle θ</strong> between decision subspaces (with cosine similarity) and the <strong>Feature Density</strong> <span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi></mrow></math></span> (capturing whether feature contributions are distributed or sparse). Together, these measures complement TG analyses, revealing how neural representations evolve in space and time. Beyond time-resolved decoding, our approach applies broadly to any linear model, offering a geometric perspective on representational dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 121737"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinal cord stimulation improves brain connectivity and consciousness level in patients with disorders of consciousness","authors":"Adilijiang Aihemaitiniyazi ,&nbsp;Tiemin Li ,&nbsp;Huawei Zhang ,&nbsp;Da Wei ,&nbsp;Pu Cai ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Guoming Luan ,&nbsp;Yong Wang ,&nbsp;Changqing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is an advanced neuromodulation technology in disorders of consciousness (DOC) field. However, research on the modulation effects and mechanisms of SCS is limited.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We proposed a study design (SCS and sham) to study the short-term effects of 20 minutes’ SCS, in which resting state EEG and Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R) were used to measure the changes in neural and behavioral activity caused by SCS. We used the Genuine Permutation Cross Mutual Information(G_PCMI) to analyze EEG data and study changes in cortical connectivity during SCS. Finally, all patients’ CRS-R results were obtained after 6 months’ SCS treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Short-term SCS (20 min) did not alter the patient's CRS-R score, but long-term SCS (6 months) can improve the CRS-R scores of all patients. EEG results show G_PCMI of the frontal and central brain regions significantly change before and after short-term SCS (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) and PCMI of the F-P, F-O regions have significant differences before and after short-term SCS (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Besides, the G_PCMI changes in frontal, parietal, F-P and F-O regions show a significant positive correlation with CRS-R changes (<em>r</em> = 0.80, 0.66, 0.68 and 0.72; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). However, the sham group showed no significant G_PCMI changes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SCS can improve the awareness level of DOC patients. SCS improves cortical short- and long-distance connectivity of DOC patients may contribute the improvement of consciousness level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 121694"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145998482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BTS-Net: Barlow twins-based superresolution for 7T human brain MRI","authors":"Youho Myong ,&nbsp;Dan Yoon ,&nbsp;Young Gyun Kim ,&nbsp;Yongsik Sim ,&nbsp;Jee-Hyun Cho ,&nbsp;Youngkyu Song ,&nbsp;Minwoo Cho ,&nbsp;Byung-Mo Oh ,&nbsp;Sungwan Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to develop and validate a Barlow Twins-based superresolution diffusion network (BTS-Net) for 7T human brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) superresolution (SR). A paired 3T-7T human brain MRI database was constructed from 50 healthy adult participants (26 females; 52.0%; age range: 27–68 years; median age: 38 years), with anonymized scans. To develop BTS-Net, we employed Barlow Twins, a self-supervised learning (SSL) method, in a latent diffusion model (LDM) to enhance feature representation learning for SR from 3T MRI to 7T-like (BTS-7T) MRI. The image quality of the 3T, 7T, LDM-7T, and BTS-7T MRI was evaluated using the peak signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity index measure, and normalized root mean squared error. The paired <em>t</em>-test was used to evaluate the mean difference between each imaging group. The three-dimensional structural fidelity was evaluated in 14 anatomical regions (the bilateral thalamus, caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, hippocampus, amygdala, and nucleus accumbens) using voxel-based morphometry. An external dataset consisting of 10 healthy participants was used to validate BTS-Net by performing identical SR, image quality, and volumetric analyses. In both the in-house and external validation datasets, BTS-7T MRI exhibited superior image quality across all three metrics compared to 3T MRI. Ground-truth-based error maps showed that BTS-7T images displayed qualitatively improved anatomical fidelity compared to 3T images. There were no statistically significant differences in volumetry between 10 (in-house) and 11 (validation) of the 14 anatomical regions. The right hippocampus, putamen, and amygdala volumes showed significantly higher agreement in BTS-7T images of the in-house dataset; whereas the bilateral putamen, right thalamus and amygdala volumes showed significantly higher agreement in the validation dataset. This study highlights the potential of BTS-Net to enhance both qualitative visualization and quantitative analysis of 3T brain MRI, with possible applicability to early neurodegenerative conditions characterized by subtle morphological changes. Therefore, additional research using larger patient datasets could aid the possible adoption of this technology in clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 121717"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardized quantification of [18F]Florbetazine amyloid PET with the Centiloid scale","authors":"Meiqi Wu ,&nbsp;Menglin Liang ,&nbsp;Chenhui Mao ,&nbsp;Liling Dong ,&nbsp;Qi Ge ,&nbsp;Yuying Li ,&nbsp;Jingnan Wang ,&nbsp;Chao Ren ,&nbsp;Haiqiong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenghai Huang ,&nbsp;Haiqun Xing ,&nbsp;Xueqian Yang ,&nbsp;Yuan Wang ,&nbsp;Runze Wu ,&nbsp;Feng Feng ,&nbsp;Mengchao Cui ,&nbsp;Jing Gao ,&nbsp;Li Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>[¹⁸F]Florbetazine ([¹⁸F]FBZ) is a novel Aβ tracer with imaging characteristics similar to [¹¹C]PiB. This study aimed to establish Centiloid conversion equations for [¹⁸F]FBZ and to evaluate its quantification precision relative to [¹¹C]PiB across different image-processing pipelines and effective image resolutions (EIRs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Paired [¹¹C]PiB and [¹⁸F]FBZ PET scans were acquired in 53 participants. Centiloid conversion equations for [¹⁸F]FBZ standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR), derived from both the standard SPM pipeline and a FreeSurfer pipeline, were calculated following the Level-2 analysis proposed by Klunk et al. The variance ratio of Centiloids derived from [¹⁸F]FBZ SUVR to those derived from standard [¹¹C]PiB SUVR in YCs was computed to compare quantification precision. Additionally, the linear relationships between [¹⁸F]FBZ and [¹¹C]PiB SUVR were evaluated under different EIRs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Centiloid conversion equation for [¹⁸F]FBZ SUVR using the standard SPM pipeline was: <em>Centiloid=98.6 × [¹⁸F]FBZ SUVR_std–99.8</em> (variance ratio=0.92). For the FreeSurfer pipeline, the conversion was: <em>Centiloid=110.1 × [¹⁸F]FBZ SUVR_fs–108.1</em> (variance ratio=0.55). Robust linear correlations between [¹¹C]PiB and [¹⁸F]FBZ SUVR were observed across EIRs with the SPM pipeline, whereas regression parameters varied across EIRs with the FreeSurfer pipeline.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>[¹⁸F]Florbetazine SUVR can be reliably converted to Centiloid units. Compared with [¹¹C]PiB, [¹⁸F]FBZ demonstrated equal or improved quantification precision, supporting its broader use in clinical and research Aβ imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 121746"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal quantitative MRI reveals age-related biophysical alterations in the human brain across the adult lifespan","authors":"Xiang Chen ,&nbsp;Zhiyuan Yuan ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2026.121742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding how brain tissue properties change with age is crucial for identifying early markers of neurodegenerative disease. However, the biophysical alterations and their molecular bases remain poorly understood. Quantitative MRI (qMRI) offers non-invasive insight into brain tissue properties. In this study, we employed three qMRI metrics—quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), longitudinal relaxation rate (R1), and effective transverse relaxation rate (R2*)—to investigate age-related brain changes across the adult lifespan. Applying linear and nonlinear modeling, we observed distinct patterns of cross-sectional age-related biophysical alterations (early, late, and inverted-U patterns) in the human brain. Predictive modeling identified subcortical and thalamic regions as key contributors to age estimation. Integrating transcriptomic data revealed that these imaging-derived patterns spatially co-localize with gene expression signatures enriched in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative pathways. Our study advances current understanding by integrating multimodal qMRI age-related patterns and transcriptomics, uncovering distinct aging patterns, candidate age-sensitive imaging features that warrant further validation, and their potential molecular underpinnings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"327 ","pages":"Article 121742"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}