Neuroscience Letters最新文献

{"title":"Task-state hemodynamic responses correlate with consciousness levels and outcomes of patients with disorders of consciousness","authors":"Wentao Zeng ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Yao ,&nbsp;Qijun Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangqiang Meng ,&nbsp;Leyao Zou ,&nbsp;Yang Bai ,&nbsp;Zhen Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has emerged as a valuable tool for detecting brain functional activities. Motor imagery (MI) tasks have been employed to evoke brain responses in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC), providing potential insights into their consciousness levels. However, the utility of brain functional characteristics for patient diagnosis and prognosis remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to use fNIRS to investigate the characteristics of brain functional activities evoked by MI task in populations with varying levels of consciousness, and to explore the potential of these characteristics in the diagnosis and prognosis of DOC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>fNIRS was used to measure hemodynamic responses during MI tasks in a cohort of 63 DOC patients (26 vegetative states [VS] and 37 minimally conscious states [MCS]) and 70 healthy controls (HC). The mean values of hemodynamic responses in each brain region were extracted for inter-group and intra-group comparisons. Additionally, the correlation between hemodynamic responses and prognosis of DOC patients was investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Inter-group comparisons revealed that HC had significantly higher hemodynamic responses than both the MCS and VS groups across all brain regions. The MCS group demonstrated significantly higher responses than the VS group in the left premotor cortex, left primary motor cortex, right primary motor cortex, and left parietal cortex. In intra-group comparisons, 33 and 7 pairs of brain regions were significantly different in the HC and MCS group, while no significant differences were observed in the VS group. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between the hemodynamic responses and the prognosis scores of DOC patients 6 months after the fNIRS examination.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Task-evoked functional activities in various brain regions among populations with varying levels of consciousness demonstrate significant intra-group and inter-group differences. The characteristics of brain functional activities provide valuable insights for the diagnosis and prognosis of DOC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19290,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Letters","volume":"862 ","pages":"Article 138293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra-rater within- and between-session reliability of TMS-induced MEPs: peak-to-peak amplitude versus area under the curve","authors":"Mona Malekahmad ,&nbsp;Ashlyn Frazer ,&nbsp;Maryam Zoghi ,&nbsp;Shapour Jaberzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Corticospinal excitability (CSE) is the responsiveness of the corticospinal and brain-to-muscle pathway, assessed using motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). It provides crucial insight into motor control, neuroplasticity, and neurological conditions. The use of TMS-induced MEPs in clinical and research contexts is contingent upon their intra- and intersession reliability. This study specifically aimed to assess the reliability of two distinct methods for quantifying MEP size: peak-to-peak amplitude (PPA) and the area under the curve (AUC). Establishing the agreement between these quantification methods is critical for ensuring consistent measurements by the same assessor, especially in pre- and post-test designs conducted within and between sessions. Twelve healthy participants volunteered for this study. Thirty MEPs were recorded from each participant using a single-pulse TMS set at 120% of the resting motor threshold (RMT) over two sessions. The first session consisted of two tests (T1 and T2) with a 20-minute rest interval between sets. The second session included one set of tests (T3). Test-retest reliability of MEP amplitude and AUC were assessed using one-way ANOVA and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). A one-way ANOVA revealed no significant effect of time on MEP amplitude or AUC value, indicating agreement between sessions. The ICC demonstrated significant intra- and inter-session reliability for PPA. However, correlations between T1-T3 were weak for AUC values. In conclusion, this study suggests that PPA a more reliable measurement than AUC for assessing changes in CSE. Future investigations should explore the reliability of the AUC method in clinical settings or research protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19290,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Letters","volume":"862 ","pages":"Article 138283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Playback of ultrasonic vocalisations (38–48 kHz) communicates the state of stress and impaired context episodic memory in adolescent rats","authors":"Selvavinayagam Dhivakar,&nbsp;Koilmani Emmanuvel Rajan","doi":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Maternal isolation induces ultrasonic vocalisations (USVs), and playback of these USVs can elicit response calls in receivers. In this study, we investigated whether playback of USVs (38–48 kHz) transmits a state of stress and impairs memory in receivers.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Rat pups were exposed to playback of USVs or modified USVs on postnatal day (PND) 12, and their response calls were recorded. On PND-34, control (Ctrl), maternally separated (MS), USV playback (PB), and modified USV playback (MPB) groups were tested for context-dependent episodic memory. Additionally, molecular markers involved in synaptic plasticity were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Playback receivers emitted specific response calls: female pups responded with step-up frequencies (39.0–49.7 kHz) to playback of USVs and with downward trills (32–39 kHz) to modified USVs. Rats in the MS and PB groups made more incorrect choices in odour-associated context transitions and long-term memory assessments than those in the Ctrl and MPB groups. Furthermore, corticosterone (CORT) levels were elevated, whereas phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2), N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunits (NR2A,2B), α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunits (GLUR1, GLUR2), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95), and mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) were reduced in the MS and PB groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>USV playback can transmit stress to receivers, alter molecular signalling pathways (pERK1/2, NR2A, NR2B, pGluR1, pGluR2, pPSD95, and BDNF), and impair episodic memory. This model may help identify the neuropathology of early-life stress and the development of behavioural disorders later in life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19290,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Letters","volume":"859 ","pages":"Article 138275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144203472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soleus H-reflex excitability during standing with stable and unstable light touch","authors":"John E. Misiaszek ,&nbsp;Britt E. Davis ,&nbsp;Sisuri G. Hemakumara ,&nbsp;Juan Forero","doi":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Light touch reduces sway when participants stand with their eyes closed. Unexpected displacement of the touch reference induces a “false-positive” balance correction in most participants. However, this response is only observed with the first displacement, with subsequent displacements eliciting an arm-extension response. This suggests that the sensorimotor processes involved in stabilizing sway from light touch are rapidly adapted within a single trial. We hypothesized that this change in sensorimotor behaviour would be reflected in changes in the excitability of the soleus H-reflex. Soleus H-reflexes and M-waves, along with background muscle activity, were obtained from ten healthy participants during five standing conditions: 1) eyes open (EO), 2) eyes open with touch (EOT), 3) eyes closed (EC), 4) eyes closed with touch (ECT), and 5) eyes closed touching a reference that has been unexpectedly and repeatedly displaced (ECP). Postural sway was evaluated in each condition, inferred from the motion of the centre of pressure recorded with the use of a force plate. As expected, H-reflexes were suppressed, while sway parameters were increased, during the EC condition, when compared with EO, EOT and ECT. In contrast, H-reflexes during the ECP condition were suppressed comparable to the EC condition, while the sway parameters were not similarly increased. We suggest that the suppression of the H-reflex during the ECP condition reflects an inferred change in the sensorimotor task; specifically switching from utilizing the light touch reference as an external spatial reference, to engaging the touch reference as a target to be maintained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19290,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Letters","volume":"859 ","pages":"Article 138278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144203470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Corn Silk Extract on paclitaxel-induced spinal cord and sciatic nerve injuries in rats: Biochemical and histological evaluation","authors":"Nada S. Badr ,&nbsp;Sobhy Hassab El-Nabi ,&nbsp;Mohamed S.A. El-Gerbed","doi":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Overactivation of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is linked to oxidative stress and inflammation, contributing to the pathogenesis of Paclitaxel-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (PIPN). Corn Silk Extract (CSE) exhibits neuroprotective activity through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of CSE against PIPN through the modulation of oxidative, inflammatory, and RAS-related signals.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>CSE was analyzed for its phenolic and flavonoid content and its antioxidant activity. The study involved four experimental groups: Control, CSE (400 mg/kg/day), Paclitaxel (PTX) (2 mg/kg, i.p. on days 1st, 3rd, 5th, and 7th), and PTX + CSE. Behavioral tests, biochemical analyses, histological evaluations, and molecular docking were conducted to assess the effects of CSE.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PTX-induced hyperalgesia, increased nitric oxide, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II, aldosterone, high mobility group box 1 protein, and decreased glutathione, total antioxidant capacity, and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B alpha. It induced spinal cord and sciatic nerve neuron damage, axonal demyelination, and reduced Schwann cells number. CSE administration with PTX improved behavioral responses, reduced oxidative and inflammatory markers, restored antioxidant and RAS signal balance, and preserved nerve tissue structure. Docking showed strong binding of CSE components with NF-κB, MPO, and ACE, suggesting direct inhibitory interactions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CSE attenuates PINP by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and RAS dysregulation while preserving neuronal and nerve structure. In silico results support the effects of CSE components on multiple inflammatory pathways, highlighting its therapeutic potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19290,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Letters","volume":"862 ","pages":"Article 138282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effects of pro-myelinating drugs on motor function and myelination in a zebrafish model of genetic leukoencephalopathy","authors":"Shreya Banerjee,&nbsp;Yasmeen Berry,&nbsp;Emily Fisher,&nbsp;Ryan Thummel","doi":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Genetic leukoencephalopathy (gLE) is a white matter disorder affecting the central nervous system, causing hypomyelination, developmental delays, motor deterioration, and cognitive, visual, and hearing impairments. Its clinical variability makes diagnosis challenging. A novel homozygous missense mutation, p.Cys846Gly in <em>VACUOLAR PROTEIN SORTING 11</em> (<em>VPS11</em>), has been linked to infantile-onset gLE in humans. A zebrafish <em>vps11</em> mutant model was developed to replicate gLE-like hypomyelination and sensorimotor deficits. This study investigates the effects of Clemastine, a pro-myelinating drug, on motor function and myelination in zebrafish larvae with mutations in the <em>vps11</em> gene. We exposed zebrafish larvae to this drug during a critical period of early nervous system development, from 2 to 4 days post-fertilization (dpf), and assessed visuomotor responses at 7 dpf. Although Clemastine significantly increased the number of oligodendrocytes, it failed to improve visuomotor function in <em>vps11</em> mutants. These findings imply that increasing oligodendrocyte numbers does not necessarily result in improved behavioral responses in <em>vps11</em> mutants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19290,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Letters","volume":"862 ","pages":"Article 138280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"mGluR5 regulates inflammatory pain and pain aversion of CFA mice by mediating ERK/PI3K signaling pathway","authors":"Zhuang Tianxin ,&nbsp;Huang Zhongyu ,&nbsp;Zhang Weishan ,&nbsp;Wang Can ,&nbsp;Lin Jiahong ,&nbsp;Wang Shuhan ,&nbsp;Zhang Runheng ,&nbsp;Zhou Chang ,&nbsp;Ma Yuxin","doi":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate whether metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) regulates inflammatory pain and pain aversion by mediating ERK/PI3K signaling pathway in mice. Two experimental routes were designed. In route 1, 18 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into control, IFA, and CFA groups. In route 2, 18 mice received stereotaxic BLA injections of ACSF, the mGluR5 agonist DHPG, or antagonist MTEP on day 8 following CFA administration. Pain behaviors and aversive emotions were assessed over 14 days. BLA tissues were collected on day 15 for immunofluorescence staining and Western blot analyses of mGluR5, PI3K, p-PI3K, and ERK1/2 expression. The expression levels of p-PI3K, mGluR5 and ERK1/2 in the BLA of CFA mice were significantly increased, suggesting that their activation was associated with inflammatory pain. DHPG increased the expression of p-PI3K and mGluR5 and ERK1/2 in the CFA mouse brain BLA, while MTEP had the opposite effect. Our results show that mGluR5 regulates inflammatory pain and pain aversion of CFA mice by mediating the ERK/PI3K signaling pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19290,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Letters","volume":"859 ","pages":"Article 138281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal valproate exposure alters barrel cortex morphology in rats","authors":"Diego Méndez ,&nbsp;Natalia Uriarte ,&nbsp;Marcela Espino ,&nbsp;Mauricio Ramos ,&nbsp;Federico Lecumberry ,&nbsp;Javier Nogueira","doi":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Prenatal exposure to valproic acid (VPA) has been linked to morphological and behavioral abnormalities resembling ASD symptoms in humans. The whisker somatosensory system in rodents serves as an optimal model for studying ASD-related sensory alterations due to its well-defined modular and somatotopic organization. In this study, we analyzed whisker cortical maps in VPA-exposed rats using cytochrome oxidase histochemistry. Our results revealed significant alterations in the primary somatosensory cortex, including a reduction in total whisker map area and poorly defined cortical barrels. Additionally, some adjacent barrels exhibited fusion, and barrel row curvature was significantly reduced, suggesting disrupted somatotopic organization. These findings align with previous studies in genetic ASD models, such as Mecp2-knockout mice, which show reduced thalamocortical connectivity and structural changes in layer IV neurons. Moreover, recent research suggests that sensory deficits in ASD may also involve dysfunctions in the peripheral nervous system. Our study highlights the relevance of somatosensory cortical map alterations in environmentally induced ASD models. Further investigations into both central and peripheral nervous system contributions could provide valuable insights into the sensory deficits underlying ASD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19290,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Letters","volume":"859 ","pages":"Article 138277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferulic acid methylester improves the comorbidity of insomnia and anxiety in a rat model of PCPA-induced sleep disorder by activating DRN 5-HT neurons","authors":"Quntao Li ,&nbsp;Jingwen Zhai ,&nbsp;Tongyu Du ,&nbsp;Junjie He ,&nbsp;Jingbin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuhe Tian ,&nbsp;Ketao Ma ,&nbsp;Junqiang Si ,&nbsp;Jiangwen Yin ,&nbsp;Yan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Previous studies have indicated that ferulic acid possesses sedative and hypnotic functions. As a derivative of ferulic acid, ferulic acid methylester (FAM) exhibits stronger activity and lower toxicity than ferulic acid. This study is intended to establish a rat model of insomnia induced by PCPA, with the aim of exploring the improvement effect of FAM on the comorbidity of anxiety and insomnia in PCPA-induced insomnia model rats and its underlying mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Insomnia models were established by intraperitoneal injection of 400 mg/kg p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) in SD rats. FAM was administered at three doses: 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg. Anxiety levels were assessed using the elevated plus maze and open field tests. Sleep status was evaluated through 24-hour in vivo EEG monitoring. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe changes in DRN 5-HT neuron activity. Chemogenetic techniques were employed to inhibit DRN 5-HT neurons to elucidate the underlying mechanism.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Behavioral tests revealed that FAM at 20 mg/kg significantly reduced anxiety levels <em>(P</em> &lt; 0.001) and increased total sleep time (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). EEG recordings showed improved sleep structure, with increased NREM and REM sleep times. Immunofluorescence staining indicated increased activity of DRN 5-HT neurons following FAM treatment. Chemogenetic inhibition of DRN 5-HT neurons reversed the beneficial effects of FAM on anxiety and sleep, thereby confirming the involvement of these neurons in the mechanism of action of FAM.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ferulic acid methylester improves comorbidity of anxiety and insomnia in PCPA-induced insomnia model rats by activating DRN 5-HT neurons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19290,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Letters","volume":"859 ","pages":"Article 138276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual mismatch negativity to change of Japanese phonetic script type","authors":"Kota Suzuki","doi":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neulet.2025.138279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Japanese writing system uses two phonetic scripts: hiragana and katakana. Hiragana is the most frequently used, whereas katakana is mainly used for foreign loanwords and onomatopoeias. This study examined whether differences between script types (i.e., hiragana and katakana) evoke VMMN. The ERPs were recorded for 44 participants. Hiragana and katakana were presented in the background of a visual cross-change detection task and alternately assigned as deviant (rare) and standard (frequent) scripts between blocks. In the results, P1 at the right electrode and N1 at the left electrode were significantly enhanced by hiragana rather than by katakana. In contrast, there were no significant differences between the deviant and standard conditions in P1 and N1. For both hiragana and katakana, the posterior negativity from 200 ms to 250 ms was significantly enhanced in the deviant condition compared to that in the standard condition, indicating VMMN for both scripts. These results suggested that the script-specific features of hiragana and katakana were processed before VMMN and the difference between hiragana and katakana evoked VMMN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19290,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Letters","volume":"859 ","pages":"Article 138279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}