Nicotine & Tobacco Research最新文献

{"title":"Oral Nicotine Pouches and Public Health: Evidence from an Updated Scoping Review.","authors":"Nargiz Travis, Kenneth E Warner, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Maciej L Goniewicz, Claire Ma, Rafael Meza, David T Levy","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag203","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntag203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The popularity of oral nicotine pouches (ONPs) is rising in the US and worldwide. This review provides an update on their potential public health impact.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched six electronic databases for ONP-related empirical studies through September 30, 2025, updating an earlier review. Outcomes included ONP product characteristics, use patterns, beliefs, perceptions, toxicity, sales, and marketing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 73 new studies published since our previous review (majority conducted in the US; 12 industry-funded). Data from heterogeneous national surveillance sources indicate a slow but steady increase in current ONP use prevalence among youth in 2024, with the National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) reporting 1.8% prevalence among middle and high school students and the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study reporting 2.6% prevalence among 10th and 12th graders. Current use among adults was relatively low in 2022-2023 (0.4%-0.8%), with higher use among ages 18-44 and current tobacco users. US sales have more than tripled between 2021 and 2024. Marketing strategies increasingly emphasize potentially youth-appealing claims, with online and social media as key promotional channels. ONPs generally contain a higher proportion of freebase nicotine than other oral nicotine products and tobacco-containing pouches, with nicotine delivery increasing proportionally with nicotine strength. Nicotine uptake from higher strength ONPs (≥6mg) typically exceeds that from cigarettes in adult smokers, while ONPs consistently score lower in positive subjective ratings than cigarettes. Preliminary evidence from short-term, heterogeneous studies suggests that ONP use can reduce smoking in daily smokers, generally resulting in dual use rather than complete cigarette cessation. ONPs are considerably less toxic than cigarettes, but their long-term health impacts remain understudied.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The review underscores the need for further research on ONP health effects, their efficacy in long-term smoking cessation, and broader public health impact in tobacco-naïve populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13660210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-Cigarette Uptake, Dual Use, and Exclusive Cigarette Smoking Among Adults with Functional Disabilities: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.","authors":"Yusuff Adebayo Adebisi, Anas Ali Alhur, Mohannad A Alzain, Isaac Olushola Ogunkola, Ahmed Khaled Shukri, Don Eliseo Lucero-Prisno, Najim Z Alshahrani","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>E-cigarette use and dual cigarette-e-cigarette use are increasingly prevalent in the United Kingdom, yet few longitudinal UK studies have examined whether people with functional disabilities are at elevated risk of subsequent use of these products. We examined whether baseline functional disability was associated with the subsequent risk of exclusive e-cigarette use, dual use, and, for comparison, exclusive cigarette smoking among UK adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective cohort analysis of 19,609 adults from the UK Household Longitudinal Study who were non-current users of both cigarettes and e-cigarettes at Wave 10 (2018-2019) and were followed to Wave 14 (2022-2023). The outcome was a four-category nicotine-use pattern at follow-up: neither current cigarette smoking nor current e-cigarette use (reference), exclusive cigarette smoking, exclusive e-cigarette use, and dual use, with current use defined as any ongoing use including less-than-monthly use. Functional disability was measured at baseline using twelve self-reported functional limitation domains and operationalised as any reported domain versus none; disability extent was also categorised as 0, 1, or ≥2 affected domains. Survey-weighted multinomial logistic regression estimated adjusted relative risk ratios (RRRs) controlling for age, sex, education, ethnicity, urban/rural residence and country of residence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, 4,910 participants (25.0%) reported at least one functional disability. By follow-up, 338 participants reported exclusive current e-cigarette use, 61 reported current dual use, and 216 reported exclusive current cigarette smoking. In fully adjusted multinomial models, with neither current cigarette smoking nor current e-cigarette use as the reference outcome, participants with functional disability were compared with those without functional disability. Functional disability was not associated with exclusive e-cigarette use (RRR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.72-1.33, p = 0.915) or dual use (RRR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.25-1.32, p = 0.191). In contrast, functional disability was associated with exclusive cigarette smoking (RRR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.02-1.95, p = 0.038). Compared with participants reporting no disability domains, those reporting two or more domains had a higher relative risk ratio for exclusive cigarette smoking versus neither current cigarette smoking nor current e-cigarette use (RRR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.08-2.55, p = 0.020).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among UK adults who were non-users of both products at baseline, functional disability was not associated with subsequent exclusive e-cigarette use or dual use but was associated with exclusive cigarette smoking. This product-specific pattern suggests that disability-related differences in nicotine uptake may be concentrated in combustible tobacco smoking rather than e-cigarette uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Replication of sex differences in tobacco smoking-induced dopamine responses and extension to nicotine replacement therapy.","authors":"Gaelle M Emvalomenos, Qinlin Gu, Su Jin Kim, Yasmin Zakiniaeiz, Clara Grazian, Steven R Meikle, Kelly P Cosgrove, Evan D Morris","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco smoking is a major public health risk, and treatment efficacy differs by sex. Previous imaging studies reported sex differences in smoking-induced striatal dopamine release, but no PET study has independently replicated these findings. We applied a novel, more sensitive modeling pipeline to examine sex differences in dopamine responses to smoking and modulation by nicotine replacement therapy in archival PET data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-one smokers (13 women) underwent 90-min PET scans with [11C]raclopride. Participants smoked a cigarette mid-scan (35 min) after tracer injection both following one week of placebo patch and one week of nicotine patch in a crossover design. Voxel-wise striatal time-activity curves were analyzed using our pipeline that combined the linear parametric neurotransmitter PET (lp-ntPET) model with Bayesian parameter estimation. Endpoints included spatial extent of dopamine activation and a dopamine activation metric that integrates probability of activation and peak dopamine magnitude at every voxel.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under placebo, men showed greater dopamine activation in the ventral striatum (p=0.047), consistent with reward-driven smoking. Women exhibited higher spatial extent in the right dorsal caudate (p=0.028) and whole caudate (q=0.033), consistent with habit- and stress-related mechanisms. The dopamine activation difference between placebo and nicotine patch conditions was larger in men than women across the whole striatum (p=0.011), indicating sex-specific modulation by constant nicotine administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings support previously observed sex differences in striatal smoking-induced dopamine responses. Sex-specific effects of the nicotine patch may be relevant to widespread findings in the literature reporting lower efficacy of nicotine replacement therapy efficacy in women.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Switching individuals in OUD treatment from cigarettes to the standardized research e-cigarette: A randomized waitlist-controlled cross-over trial.","authors":"Joanna Streck, Susan Regan, Yuchiao Chang, Michele Reyen, Cecely Sterling-Maisel, Julia Cannistraro, Jack Guerinot, Shreya Gouda, Shadi Nahvi, Sarah E Wakeman, Elyse R Park, A Eden Evins, Nancy A Rigotti","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Most adults with opioid use disorder (OUD) smoke cigarettes, and cessation rates with FDA-approved medications are low. Switching to e-cigarettes (EC) is an effective cigarette reduction method in adults without OUD but has not been rigorously evaluated in adults with OUD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults (N=41) in OUD treatment who smoked >5 cigarettes/day (CPD), used EC <3 of prior 30days, and did not want to quit smoking, were randomized to receive an 8 week supply of NIDA's standardized research EC immediately (SREC, n=22) or after an 8-week delay (waitlist control; WLC, n=19). Participants reported past 24-hr CPD and EC use in daily texts for 8 weeks and research assessments and biochemical monitoring (e.g., carbon monoxide [CO]) every 2 weeks for 8 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants had a mean age of 50, were 76% male, 88% white. From Baseline (BL) to Week 8, the change in CPD differed significantly between groups (p=0.001) with a larger decrease in CPD in SREC vs. WLC (SREC 15.3 at BL to 7.2 CPD at W8, WLC 14.2 to 12.8). There was a significant reduction in breath CO levels within SREC across the 8-weeks (from 22.9 at BL to 12.5 at W8, p<0.001), that was larger than WLC (23.7 vs. 20.3, p=0.042) (group x time p=0.071). No group differences were observed on nicotine dependence, withdrawal, or OUD stability (p's>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Provision of ECs to people with OUD who smoke, not planning to quit, resulted in reduced combusted tobacco use, exposure and no worsening withdrawal, dependence, or OUD stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Smoking-Attributable Disease Burden in China, 1990-2021: Age, Sex, and Risk Factors in a Global Context.","authors":"Dongjun Zhang, Jiangtao Dong, Chengfei Ruan, Xin Chen, Mingyue Wu, Siyu Chen, Lina Wang","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Smoking remains one of the leading preventable causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding long-term trends in smoking-related diseases is essential for evaluating policy effectiveness and guiding prevention efforts. This study assessed the burden of disease attributable to smoking in China from 1990 to 2021, comparing its trends with global and sociodemographic index (SDI) patterns to identify policy priorities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Age-, sex-, and SDI-stratified analyses were conducted using mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Temporal trends were evaluated with Joinpoint regression and multiple visualization methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, age-standardized smoking-attributable death rates declined, but China showed a steeper decline (average annual percent change = -2.00 vs. -1.77). However, China's absolute smoking-related deaths rose by 57.5% to 2.30 million in 2021, accounting for 37.3% of the global total. Males bore a disproportionately higher burden, with an age-standardized death rate nearly 10 times that of females. Burden peaked at ages 65-74 for death counts and at ages 90-94 for rates. Unlike the global pattern where cardiovascular diseases dominate, neoplasms were the leading cause in China. Age-standardized DALYs rates for diabetes and kidney diseases showed a rising trend.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From 1990 to 2021, China experienced faster declines in standardized smoking burden than the global average, yet its absolute burden and global share increased substantially. Sustained, targeted tobacco control-especially among older males and for cancer prevention-is urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the effect of very low nicotine content cigarettes on abstinence by menthol status using novel statistical methods: A reanalysis of a randomized trial in an experimental marketplace with alternative nicotine systems.","authors":"Jack M Wolf, Rachel L Denlinger-Apte, Eric C Donny, Dorothy K Hatsukami, David M Vock, Joseph S Koopmeiners","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes have been proposed to reduce cigarette consumption. However, previous studies were not adequately powered to analyze the effects of VLNC cigarettes on abstinence, especially within subpopulations (e.g., people who smoke (PWS) menthol cigarettes). Here, we developed and applied two statistical approaches to address these power limitations in analyses stratified by menthol status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from a recent randomized trial of VLNC cigarettes available within an experimental marketplace with alternative nicotine delivery systems (ANDS), we estimated the treatment effect on abstinence stratified by menthol status. Two novel methods leveraged secondary endpoints (total nicotine equivalents, NNAL) to improve efficiency: the multiple endpoint multisource exchangeability model (ME-MEM) and the super learner structural equation model (SL-SEM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 206 PWS menthol cigarettes, VLNC cigarettes were estimated to increase the probability of abstinence by 11.3 percentage points (95% credible interval: 4.7-19.6) using the ME-MEM and 18.4 percentage points using the SL-SEM (95% confidence interval: 7.7-27.0), increasing precision by 46% and 12%, respectively. For 232 PWS non-menthol cigarettes, the ME-MEM estimated an increase of 10.2 percentage points (95% credible interval: 2.3-17.3) and the SL-SEM estimated an increase of 8.1 percentage points (95% confidence interval: -1.0-13.2), increasing precision by 35% and 99%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the presence of ANDS, randomization to VLNC cigarettes increases the probability of abstinence for PWS menthol cigarettes and may increase the probability of abstinence for PWS non-menthol cigarettes. Methods that leverage secondary endpoints may improve precision when conventional methods are underpowered.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed Methods Analysis of Unprompted Participant Text Messages in an Automated Text Message Program for Smoking Cessation Induction.","authors":"Belinda Borrelli, Romano Endrighi, Gavin N Rackoff, Madeline S Goodman, Nicholas J Hart, M Marianne Jurasic, Howard J Cabral","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag199","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntag199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Text messaging programs are effective for smoking cessation. Unprompted, participant-initiated text messages that are unrecognized by rules-based programs (UNRs) provide real-time reactions and feedback regarding program experiences. This mixed methods study characterizes UNRs and examines their prospective relationship with treatment outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled cessation induction trial with adult smokers in a 4-week text message program. UNRs were defined as participant-initiated text messages not matching pre-defined expected responses or not in answer to pre-programmed queries. UNRs were qualitatively coded (if not related to a study payment issue or question) and analyzed for associations with participant and program characteristics as well as outcomes (use of evidence-based treatments [EBTs] for cessation and 7-day point prevalence abstinence from smoking).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (n=440; mean age = 47.5, 47.4% female, 16.9% motivated to quit) sent 2,264 UNRs (1,785 met criteria for coding) and 59.8% sent > 1 UNR. Sending any UNR or any codable UNR predicted greater odds of EBT use during the 7-month study period (self-reported and objectively verified, all ORs > 1.50). Sending any codable UNR (OR = 1.91 [1.09-3.33]) or a UNR acknowledging a program-initiated text (OR = 2.00 [1.18-3.37]) predicted greater odds of self-reported smoking abstinence during the follow-up. Sending a UNR conveying updates on target behaviors predicted greater odds of biochemically verified abstinence during follow-up (OR = 3.05 [1.24-7.46]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>UNRs may serve as markers of meaningful engagement and early indicators of subsequent behavioral outcomes in text messaging programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frequent Mental Distress: Associations with Nicotine Use Behaviors.","authors":"Allison M Schmidt, Elizabeth M Brown, James Nonnemaker, Riley Hein, Ellen Coats, Caroline Meek, Laura Hunter, Gina O'Sullivan","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Frequent mental distress (FMD) is closely related to nicotine use, and its prevalence varies across population groups. Understanding patterns of nicotine use by FMD can help identify groups that are candidates for tobacco prevention and cessation interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using pooled data from annual tobacco-related surveys of adults between 2021-2024 in New York, we used Pearson's F-tests and pair-wise tests to determine differences in the prevalence of FMD in demographic groups. We assessed associations between FMD and tobacco-related behaviors, including novel product use and quitting behavior, in adjusted regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sexual and gender minority adults, young adults, and adults living with disabilities, among other groups, were at higher risk of experiencing FMD. In adjusted models, adults who experienced FMD had higher odds of any nicotine use excluding blunts (AOR=1.39; 95% CI: 1.16-1.67) and including blunts (AOR=1.48; 95% CI: 1.24-1.77), cigarette use (AOR=1.44; 95% CI: 1.12-1.85), e-cigarette use (AOR=1.28; 95% CI: 1.01-1.64), and blunt use (AOR=1.38; 95% CI: 1.06-1.79) than adults who did not experience FMD. Among adults who currently smoked cigarettes, FMD was associated with higher odds of having made a past-year quit attempt (AOR=1.55; 95% CI: 1.01-2.38).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adults who experienced FMD had higher adjusted odds of several nicotine use outcomes and a past-year quit attempt. Controlling for demographics, adults with FMD had higher odds of any tobacco use, cigarette use, e-cigarette use, and blunt use, but not cigar, smokeless, hookah, or nicotine pouch use.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148887825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Messaging Strategies for Tobacco Prevention and Cessation Among People with Depression: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Allison Worsdale, Mayla Gilliam, Sarah Kowitt, Marc Steinberg, Adam O Goldstein, M Justin Byron","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntag192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Depression is strongly associated with higher tobacco use and lower quit rate; few communication campaigns have been designed with these mental health factors in mind. This scoping review compiles existing research on tobacco prevention and cessation messaging involving people with depression to identify gaps and opportunities for future message development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sources included PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Academic Search Premier, and ProQuest Central (November - December 2024). The 55 studies included examined tobacco prevention or cessation messages and measured depression, depressive symptoms, or mental health as a primary outcome or analytic covariate. Study characteristics, target population, delivery format, message content, theoretical frameworks, outcomes, and gaps were extracted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RCTs made up half (51%) of the included studies, and most (78%) were conducted in the U.S. Nearly half (46%) required participants to have a mental health condition. Interventions most often used interactive (65.5%) or text-based (47.3%) communication and focused on tobacco cessation (89%) rather than vaping (9%). Common outcomes included feasibility or acceptability (37.7%) and point prevalence abstinence (37.7%). Mental health-specific messages showed mixed effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite progress in integrating mental health into tobacco messaging, targeted interventions for people with depression remain limited. Few studies tested long-term outcomes or used biochemical verification; many relied on untargeted generalized messaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148874969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Psychotherapy for Smoking Cessation Enhanced with Text Messaging: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Christopher W Kahler, Patricia A Cioe, Bettina B Hoeppner, Megan Strowger, Tessa Nalven, Nichea S Spillane, Acacia Parks, Beth C Bock, Richard A Brown","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntag196","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntag196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Positive Psychology Interventions (PPIs) aim to enhance well-being and have shown promise in improving mental health and augmenting behavioral interventions. Although pilot studies have suggested PPIs may support smoking cessation, no full-scale randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have tested their efficacy in this context.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this RCT, 271 adults who smoked > 5 cigarettes per day (55.2% female, mean age = 49.2 (SD = 12.0); average cigarettes per day = 16.9 [SD = 7.0]) were randomized to six sessions of Positive Psychotherapy for Smoking Cessation with text messaging (PPT-S+) or a time-matched standard treatment with text messaging (ST+). All participants received eight weeks of nicotine replacement therapy (transdermal nicotine patch). The primary outcome was biochemically-confirmed 7-day point-prevalence smoking abstinence at 12, 26, and 52 post quit date.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven-day point-prevalence abstinence did not differ significantly by condition: 20.9%, 19.4%, and 19.4% at 12, 26, and 52 weeks in PPT-S+ compared to 19.1%, 20.6%, and 21.4% at 12, 26, and 52 weeks in ST+. Conditions did not differ in self-reported use of positive psychology-consistent strategies for quitting smoking at posttreatment, representing an implementation failure, and these strategies did not significantly predict subsequent smoking outcomes. Those in ST+ rated the text messaging program as significantly more helpful than those in PPT-S+.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PPT-S+ did not improve smoking cessation outcomes compared to a time-matched control. The completion of positive psychology exercises through text messaging may have reduced the helpfulness of the text-messaging support program received in both conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13571817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148865761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}