Nicotine & Tobacco Research最新文献

{"title":"How do Chinese smokers respond to cigarette price? Evidence from a nationwide household survey.","authors":"Aduqinfu He, Zeyu Wang, Rong Zheng","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite the Chinese government's implementation of tax increases in 2009 and 2015 to curb tobacco use, the anticipated decline in cigarette sales has not materialized. This suggests a need for deeper understanding of smokers' demand behavior. The present study aims to provide a more accurate estimation of the price and income elasticities of cigarettes in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized Deaton's model to analyze a comprehensive micro-level dataset comprising 10,892 households surveyed in the 2012 wave of China Family Panel Survey, with the aim of estimating the price and income elasticities of cigarette demand, as well as to investigate how these elasticities vary across different income brackets. These resulting elasticities were subsequently integrated into the World Health Organization Tax Simulation Model to simulate the potential impacts of various tax increase scenarios on cigarette consumption and tax revenue.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The price elasticity in China hovers around -0.72, with an income elasticity of about 0.23. Heterogeneity analysis indicated that lower-income smokers exhibit greater sensitivity to price changes. Policy simulations suggested that tax increases would substantially reduce consumption while concurrently increasing tax revenue.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chinese smokers exhibited a considerable sensitivity to cigarette prices, underscoring the efficacy of taxation as policy instrument for shaping smoking behavior. As tax reforms continue and cigarette retail prices increase, there lies promising potential for achieving tobacco control goals, generating additional revenue, and improving social equality.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>A primary contribution of this study is the provision of more reliable estimation of cigarette price and income elasticities in China. These parameters are crucial for assessing the potential impact of tobacco tax increases on cigarette consumption and government revenue. By leveraging a nationally representative survey from 2012 and employing Deaton's identification strategy, we significantly enhanced the data quality and methodological rigor of our analysis, leading to more accurate estimation results compared to previous studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Effects of Nicotine on Non-Drug-Related Reward in Smokers and Non-Smokers.","authors":"Nicola Rycroft, Catherine Kimber, Emke S E Brazier, Lynne Dawkins","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntae278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntae278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nicotine increases the reward value of non-drug-related stimuli in animals and dependent smokers; however, research on people who are not dependent on nicotine is limited. This study aimed to explore whether nicotine delivered by oral spray can enhance responding to self-selected sensory rewards in both smokers and non-smokers.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>Minimally abstinent smokers (n = 30) and non-smokers (n = 31) completed subjective ratings of nicotine withdrawal, and received either 2 mg nicotine or placebo oral spray and visual analogue scales to measure the perceived effects of the spray. An operant conditioning task (Applepicker) that required button clicks to find apples was completed twice, with and without a reward of 30 seconds of pre-prepared music for each reinforcer earned. Measures taken were the number of apples found (reinforcers), number of clicks (responses), and time spent on the task (in seconds).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no differences between smokers and non-smokers on ratings of nicotine withdrawal or effects of the spray. All participants spent longer searching for apples, earned more reinforcers, and produced more responses when listening to music. Nicotine administration led to a higher number of reinforcers earned and, when music was playing, an increase in a number of responses. A three-way interaction revealed that non-smokers who had received nicotine spent the longest searching for apples.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nicotinic enhancement of sensory rewards was seen in non-smokers only which cannot be accounted for by learned associations with nicotine or reversal of withdrawal effects. Smokers, however, may require higher doses of nicotine to achieve the same effect.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Nicotinic enhancement of sensory rewards was demonstrated in non-smokers, but not in everyday smokers, suggesting it is unlikely to be related to nicotine dependence or learned associations between nicotine and pleasure. The absence of this effect in smokers suggests that higher levels of nicotine than those obtained from 2 mg oral sprays may be required to achieve enhancement of reward in people who regularly consume nicotine. For nicotine replacement (including e-cigarettes) to become more effective at reducing anhedonia during quit attempts, smokers may require nicotine doses that more closely replicate levels achieved through smoking.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143255326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Constituents and Particle Size Distribution of Mainstream Emission from Electronic Waterpipe.","authors":"Theodore P Klupinski, Anna Adetona, Alexander Ivanov, Aaron Richardson, Erich D Strozier, Laura L S Aume, Hani Karam, Stephanie D Makselan, Martha McCauley, Larry Mullins, Billie Stiffler, Eric A Lucas, Hyoshin Kim","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf028","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>An electronic waterpipe (electronic hookah) uses an electronic heating element to promote the vaporization and aerosolization of an e-liquid in a waterpipe. There is little or no published information characterizing the toxicant levels or particle size distributions of electronic waterpipe mainstream emission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Controlled laboratory experiments were performed to evaluate electronic waterpipe mainstream emission for 40 test conditions: 10 e-liquid products × 2 power settings × 2 puffing topographies. Data were collected for amounts of three volatile toxicants and selected semi-volatile compounds, mass of total particulate matter, and particle size distribution within the size range of 5-1000 nm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Amounts of the volatile toxicants acetaldehyde, acrolein, and benzene measured in mainstream emission were 33-505 µg/session, 27-415 µg/session, and 0.69-2.44 µg/session, respectively. The amounts of acetaldehyde and acrolein, when reported in units of µg/puff, are generally similar to some literature-reported amounts in e-cigarette mainstream emission and tobacco waterpipe smoke. A bimodal or trimodal particle size distribution was typically observed, and substantial concentrations of nanoparticles were detected. The amounts (in µg/puff) of the volatile toxicants and several quantitative measures of particle size distribution were significantly affected by power setting and puffing topography.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given the hazards of acetaldehyde and acrolein and the distinctive toxicological profile of nanoparticles, electronic waterpipe use may present significant toxicity concerns. Operation of an electronic waterpipe is a complex process in which physics, fluid dynamics, and chemistry interact to yield mainstream emission for which the composition is sensitive to changes from various sources.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This publication, to our knowledge, is the first to report the amounts of toxicants and particle size distributions in electronic waterpipe mainstream emission. The results reported herein suggest that there may be significant toxicity concerns associated with electronic waterpipe use as indicated by the levels of volatile toxicants and the presence of nanoparticles in electronic waterpipe mainstream emission. This knowledge is valuable to support the research community and tobacco regulatory agencies in understanding the impact that electronic waterpipe use may have on public health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lost in the Smoke: Underrepresentation of Aging Adults in Nicotine and Tobacco Research.","authors":"Bethea A Kleykamp, Hannah Smith, Mahima Dewan, Leanna M Kalinowski, Jacob Parsky, Jessica A Kulak","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in Combustible Cigarette Smoking-Related Biomarkers by Hormonal Contraceptive Use: An Exploratory Study.","authors":"Alicia M Allen, Qing Cao, Lori G Stayer, Xianghua Luo, Joni Jensen, Raina D Pang, Sharon Allen, Eric C Donny, Neal Benowitz, Tracy Smith, Dorothy Hatsukami","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hormonal contraceptives (HCs), which contain synthetic forms of estrogen (i.e., ethinyl estradiol) and/or progesterone (i.e., progestin), are commonly used by women who smoke combustible cigarettes. Prior research has demonstrated that HCs containing ethinyl estradiol influence nicotine metabolism, though less is known about the role of progestins. We sought to examine the association between HC use and smoking-related biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This exploratory secondary-data analysis included females, ages of 18-45, who currently smoked classified into three groups based on current HC use: (1) combination HCs (C-HC; contains ethinyl estradiol and progestin), (2) progestin-only HCs (P-HC; contains progestin only with no ethinyl estradiol), and (3) no use of hormonal contraceptives (no-HC; no current use of ethinyl estradiol nor progestins). Group differences in expired carbon monoxide, urinary total 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol) (NNAL), nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR), total nicotine equivalent (TNE), and the ratio of TNE to cigarettes/day were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The C-HC (n=22), P-HC (n=67), and no-HC (n=59) groups did not vary by age or race. Smoking-related biomarkers did not vary between the P-HC and no-HC groups. In adjusted analyses, the C-HC group had a lower TNE level (median=41.22, interquartile range [IQR]: 32.10, 60.93) versus the P-HC group (median=59.70, IQR=44.89, 83.19; adjusted p-value=0.006) and the no-HC group (median=65.90, IQR=57.55, 85.92; adjusted p-value=0.010).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Smoking-related biomarkers were comparable between those who used progestin-only hormonal contraceptives to those who did not use any hormonal contraceptive. In contrast, TNE varied in those who used hormonal contraceptives with ethinyl estradiol. Additional research is needed to replicate these observations.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This exploratory study is the first to examine combustible cigarette smoking-related biomarkers by use of hormonal contraceptives with and without ethinyl estradiol as compared to no hormonal contraceptive use. In brief, biomarkers in those using hormonal contraceptives without ethinyl estradiol (i.e., progestin-only) were comparable to biomarkers in those not using any hormonal contraceptives. In contrast, those using hormonal contraceptives with ethinyl estradiol had significantly lower total nicotine equivalent even after adjusting for race. These observations indicate that progestin-only hormonal contraceptives use may not alter smoking-related biomarkers whereas hormonal contraceptives with ethinyl estradiol may influence these biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143066897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Promotion of Oral Nicotine Pouches for Non-Smoking Cessation Purposes on TikTok.","authors":"Marco Zenone, Bethan Harries, Greg Hartwell","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oral nicotine pouches (ONPs) are increasingly prevalent among young people and feature widely within social media content. This study systematically analyzes the most viewed videos on TikTok relating to ZYN (the most popular ONP, manufactured by a subsidiary of Philip Morris International) to understand their content sentiment and patterns, as well as the demographics and potential commercial biases of their creators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used an Apify scraper in July 2024 to collect URLs and metadata for the top 100 most viewed videos on TikTok under the #ZYN hashtag. Profiles of content creators, plus their externally linked sites, were examined for commercial connections to ONP entities. We then undertook an inductive manifest content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The top 100 TikTok videos identified garnered over 400 million views and over 3.8 million shares. 10.3% (n=9) of content creators had an external link to a website which sold ONPs. Videos predominantly indicated positive sentiment towards ZYN products or other ONPs (79%), and portrayed young men enthusing about the products, often employing humour. ZYN products featured directly in 71% of videos. Few videos contained disclaimers or warnings about potential risks of ONPs and only 5% portrayed ZYN as a vaping or smoking cessation tool.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings suggest the most widely viewed content relating to ZYN on TikTok is overwhelmingly positive in sentiment, commonly featuring young men and often portraying ONP use in a humorous context, minimising risks. Many content creators actively sell ONP products through TikTok, some overtly and some via external links.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>ZYN oral nicotine pouches are presented positively and primarily for recreational purposes on TikTok. Few videos referenced ZYN for smoking cessation purposes or mentioned the risks of nicotine. Nearly 10% of the creators linked their profile to an external website selling oral nicotine pouches, which appears inconsistent with TikTok's policies. The use of humour and downplaying or omission of addiction and health risks across most of the sample echoes marketing efforts by the tobacco industry to present oral nicotine pouches as fun and safe.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlates of Susceptibility to Nicotine Pouch Use Among Australian Adolescents and Younger Adults.","authors":"Mary-Ellen E Brierley, Runze Li, Michelle I Jongenelis","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nicotine pouches are growing rapidly in popularity. These products have been found to contain high levels of nicotine, raising concerns about the risk of nicotine dependence and addiction. Preventing uptake of nicotine pouches, particularly among adolescents and younger adults, is thus important. However, our understanding of the factors that may be associated with susceptibility to nicotine pouch use is limited.</p><p><strong>Aims and methods: </strong>This study sought to investigate the relative contribution of a range of factors to nicotine pouch use susceptibility among adolescents and younger adults. An online survey was administered to 817 Australian adolescents and younger adults who were aware of nicotine pouches but had not used the products previously. Regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between a variety of potential correlates (eg, attitudes, harm perceptions, exposure to advertising, use among family and friends) and use susceptibility (curiosity, willingness to use, and intentions to use).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among those surveyed, 66% were curious about nicotine pouches, 55% were willing to try the products if offered by a friend, and 46% intended to try the products in the next 6 months. Key correlates of susceptibility included holding a positive attitude towards nicotine pouches, lower addictiveness perceptions, use among a greater number of close friends, and current or past use of e-cigarettes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Addressing attitudes and social norms relating to nicotine pouch use may be important in reducing uptake. Given use susceptibility was greater among those who currently use e-cigarettes, interventions that target the use of a range of nicotine products may be most effective at discouraging uptake.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>This study identified several important correlates of susceptibility to nicotine pouch use among Australian adolescents and younger adults. Results assist with identifying those who may be at risk of future nicotine pouch use and have the potential to inform the development of prevention programs that discourage uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing tobacco-related disparities through tobacco treatment research: a roadmap with worked examples.","authors":"Jamie Hartmann-Boyce","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntaf025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menthol cigarette use in US pregnancies: Prevalence, racial/ethnic disparities, and associated characteristics from the 2010-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).","authors":"Laura R Stroud, Prem Gautam, Nancy C Jao, Eva Sharma","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf008","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pregnant people who smoke constitute a uniquely vulnerable population likely to be impacted by a menthol cigarette (MC) ban. However, there are no published reports of prevalence of prenatal MC use in a nationally-representative US sample including racial-ethnic disparities and associated characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 1245 US pregnant people who smoked MC or non-MC (NMC) in the past 30-days from the 2010-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Prevalence of past 30-day MC use was determined; weighted socio-demographic characteristics, tobacco use, and substance co-use were compared across MC and NMC groups and in multivariable analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prevalence of MC use among pregnant people who smoked was 52.29% (95% CI: 48.17, 56.41) overall and 92.23% (95% CI: 87.74-96.73) among non-Hispanic Black pregnant people who smoked. A greater proportion of pregnant people who used MCs (vs NMCs) were Non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic, unmarried, sexual minorities, from a large metropolitan area, smoked fewer cigarettes per day and reported later age of initiation. In multivariable analyses, only non-Hispanic Black race remained a significant predictor of MC use; non-Hispanic Black (vs non-Hispanic White) pregnant people who smoked showed 13.88 times (95% CI: 6.30-30.58) greater odds of MC use (p<.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first study to determine prevalence and correlates of prenatal MC use in a nationally representative US sample. Given known causal impacts of prenatal smoking on maternal and infant morbidity, results suggest that the planned menthol ban offers opportunities for improving maternal and infant health.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>Using a nationally-representative US sample, this study highlights that more than half of pregnant people who smoke and nearly all of Black pregnant people who smoke in the US use menthol cigarettes. Given high rates of menthol cigarette use and causal links between prenatal cigarette use and maternal and infant morbidity, the menthol cigarette ban proposed by the FDA offers a potential opportunity to develop tailored education and intervention strategies to improve perinatal and infant health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of images to assess awareness and use of emerging nicotine pouch products.","authors":"Michelle T Bover Manderski, Cristine Delnevo, Mary Hrywna","doi":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ntr/ntaf023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Accurate measurement is critical for understanding the population health impact of nicotine pouches, yet precise, standardized measures of nicotine pouch use are lacking, possibly driving disparate prevalence estimates across studies. We implemented a split sample survey experiment to assess the impact of including a product image when asking about nicotine pouches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We randomized an online sample of US adults ages 18-45 (N=2,130) recruited through the February 2023 wave of the Rutgers Omnibus Study to view either a text-only or text-plus-image description of oral nicotine pouches before being asked about awareness of the products. Participants who endorsed awareness were then asked about their use and brands they had tried. We calculated prevalence of awareness, ever, and current use of nicotine pouches and used chi-square tests to assess differences in responses to each question by survey condition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants in the image condition were more likely than those in the text condition to report awareness (40.6% vs 31.5%, P<.001) and ever use (7.2% vs 5.2%, P=.044). Among those reporting nicotine pouch use, 5.9% in the text-only condition, compared to 0% in the image condition, listed a smokeless tobacco brand as one they tried, suggesting they were misclassified by the text-only question.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inclusion of product imagery can improve nicotine pouch measurement accuracy in surveys, while text-only measures may misestimate prevalence of awareness and use. Differences in nicotine pouch prevalence estimates may be explained in part by differences in survey measures, highlighting a need to harmonize measures across studies.</p><p><strong>Implications: </strong>In this first study to evaluate nicotine pouch measurement methods, findings suggest that existing surveillance and research efforts may be undermined by misclassification. Text-only measures of nicotine pouch awareness and use may produce biased prevalence estimates, and inclusion of product imagery can improve nicotine pouch measurement accuracy in surveys.</p>","PeriodicalId":19241,"journal":{"name":"Nicotine & Tobacco Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143047351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}