Neuropsychology最新文献

{"title":"A large language model-based self-learning and critical agent framework for multimodal Alzheimer's disease diagnosis.","authors":"Meiwei Zhang, Qiushi Cui, Yang Lü, Yuwei Pan, Weihua Yu, Wenyuan Li","doi":"10.1037/neu0001079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0001079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We developed and evaluated a training-free, large language model (LLM) multiagent framework, consisting of role-prompted LLM instances, that simulates hospital-style team diagnosis for Alzheimer's disease, improving interpretability and generalizability for multimodal data.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We designed a self-learning and critical multiagent workflow comprising nine single-dimension agents and five senior agents that iteratively validate, retrieve experience, and refine decisions via self-evaluation and critique. Agents are augmented with an \"intelligence\" module and an experience-retrieval module. Participants were 1,362 Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) records spanning cognitively normal, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease from ADNI GO, ADNI 1, ADNI 2, ADNI 3, ADNI 4. The decision layer is not supervised on ADNI labels, and no end-to-end fine-tuning is performed on ADNI within this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The full self-learning and critical multiagent framework achieved an F1 score = 88%, sensitivity = 88%, and precision = 90% for three-way cognitively normal/mild cognitive impairment/Alzheimer's disease classification, providing case-level rationales. Relative to early agents, sequential self-learning and critique produced large effect gains. Single-dimension agents varied widely, while the integrated framework yielded the most balanced performance and higher answer relevancy on LLM-based metrics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A label-free LLM multiagent approach can integrate heterogeneous modalities, retain diagnostic \"experience,\" and generate transparent reasoning while delivering competitive accuracy on ADNI. The framework shows promise for real-world support of complex neuropsychological diagnosis; future work should incorporate fully multimodal LLMs for imaging and repeated, graph-driven iterations to further enhance performance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147513090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the relative contributions of multiple modifiable physical health variables to executive function and episodic memory performance in older adults.","authors":"Jessica H Stark, Ann J Lee, Kelly J Hiersche, Scott M Hayes","doi":"10.1037/neu0001072","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The majority of studies examining the relationship between fitness and cognition examine a single physical attribute. Here, we assessed the relative contributions of multiple modifiable physical health variables and demographic variables to cognition in healthy older adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Older adults (<i>N</i> = 619; <i>M</i>_age = 74.9, <i>SD</i> = 6.9) completed multiple physical health variable assessments (walking speed, respiratory function, grip strength, body mass index) and cognitive tasks as part of the Health and Retirement Study. Principal component analysis was used to inform cognitive composite scores, which revealed two domains: executive functions/processing speed and episodic memory. Lindeman, Merenda, and Gold's analysis was employed to assess the relative importance of demographic and modifiable physical health variables to each cognitive domain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age, education, walking speed, and respiratory function explained the greatest amount of variance in the relative importance analysis for both executive functions/processing speed and episodic memory. Modifiable variables, including walking speed and respiratory function, accounted for similar amounts of variance as age in predicting executive functions/processing speed performance. After controlling for demographic variables, modifiable physical health variables of walking speed and respiratory function collectively accounted for an additional 9.9% and 3.3% variance in executive functions/processing speed and episodic memory, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicated that modifiable physical health variables are differentially associated with cognitive performance. Fitness indicators can account for similar amounts of variance as age in executive functions/processing speed in healthy older adults. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147513553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eye-gaze strategies reveal cognitive variability in a real-world executive function task.","authors":"Matheus de Melo Rodrigues, Timothy Hodgson, Paulo Guirro Laurence, Elizeu Coutinho Macedo","doi":"10.1037/neu0001081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0001081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates individual differences in executive functioning during a real-world multitasking test, the hotel task, using eye-tracking data to identify distinct attentional strategies.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixty-four young adults (<i>M</i>_age = 22.1, <i>SD</i> = 2.38) completed the hotel task while eye movements were recorded. Participants also completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version, an antisaccade task, and the Wiener Matrizen-Test 2. Eye-tracking data were analyzed using k-means clustering to identify strategic profiles, which were compared via the Kruskal-Wallis test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Self-reported working memory deficits correlated with poorer planning (ρ = -.31, <i>p</i> = .035). Clustering revealed three distinct gaze-based profiles. A less time-monitoring group performed worse than two more vigilant groups, attempting fewer tasks, <i>F</i>(2, 61) = 6.13, <i>p</i> = .004, and achieving lower planning scores, <i>F</i>(2, 61) = 5.93, <i>p</i> = .004.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Eye-tracking identifies distinct strategic approaches to real-world multitasking that relate to performance but are not captured by traditional executive function tasks. Multitasking effectiveness appears supported by diverse strategies better characterized through integrated self-report, behavioral, and process-level data, offering a more nuanced understanding of executive function in ecologically valid settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147513486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compensatory cue-weighting strategies for the sense of agency in patients with poststroke motor deficits.","authors":"Yu Miyawaki, Takeshi Otani, Masaki Yamamoto, Shu Morioka, Akihiko Murai","doi":"10.1037/neu0001073","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Poststroke motor deficits often result in diminished or degraded sensorimotor input, potentially disrupting how patients attribute actions and affecting their sense of agency (SoA)-that is, the experience of controlling one's own actions. SoA emerges from the integration of sensorimotor cues (e.g., prediction errors between internal prediction and sensory feedback) and cognitive cues (e.g., thoughts or beliefs). However, the integration mechanism of these cues remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty poststroke patients with sensorimotor deficits but no marked cognitive impairments, along with 10 healthy control participants, performed sinusoidal movements. During the movement, participants observed a cursor that either matched or deviated from their actual movements and judged whether the cursor reflected their own movement. We combined this task with questionnaires assessing reliance on cognitive cues and subjective SoA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with more severe motor deficits made more erroneous self-attributions (<i>p</i>s = .015, Cohen's <i>d</i>s = 1.27) and showed weaker correlation between pen-cursor distance and self-other judgment (β_dif = .23, <i>p</i> = .017), suggesting lower sensitivity to prediction error. Erroneous self-attribution correlated with greater reliance on cognitive cues (<i>r</i> = .76, <i>p</i> = .010). Although SoA generally decreased with motor deficit severity (βs = .67, <i>p</i>s < .001), patients with more severe deficits exhibited higher SoA when showing higher cognitive cue reliance (β = .58, <i>p</i> = .010) or longer time since stroke (β = .62, <i>p</i> = .004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with more severe motor deficits may adopt compensatory cue-weighting strategies that rely more on cognitive than sensorimotor cues during agency registration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147499621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Language dominance effects on verbal list memory in older Spanish-English bilinguals.","authors":"Maria Fernanda Gavino, David P Salmon, Reina Mizrahi, Tamar H Gollan","doi":"10.1037/neu0001058","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study characterized how language dominance and language of testing affect word list learning in older bilinguals, using picture naming in the two languages as a continuous objective measure of bilingual proficiency level. No previous study examined language dominance effects on list learning in older bilinguals or provided detailed information about language dominance effects over multiple learning trials, even though these measures provide critical diagnostic information.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Forty older Spanish-English bilinguals were tested on two 10-word lists in each language, with two learning trials for each list, and with language of testing order counterbalanced between participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bilinguals recalled fewer words in both primacy and recency regions in the nondominant than in the dominant language, especially on Trial 1 (language dominance effects were 8.5 times larger on Trial 1 than Trial 2, after adjusting proportionally for baseline recall). The extent of language dominance was significantly correlated across picture naming and list learning, but only on Trial 1. Finally, language dominance effects were proportionally weaker on list learning (even on Trial 1) than in picture naming.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>List learning is a hybrid comprehension/production task that is less affected by bilingualism than pure production tasks. However, testing list learning in a nondominant language can distort assessment of memory, particularly on some critical measures. Use of an independent objective measure of language proficiency provides a more precise indication of the extent to which language dominance should affect list learning in older bilinguals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"282-295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12758603/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145756685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations among response time inconsistency, attention switching, and cognitive status: A measurement burst approach.","authors":"Robert S Stawski, Eric S Cerino, Stuart W S MacDonald","doi":"10.1037/neu0001067","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Trial-to-trial variability in response times (RT inconsistency; RTI) has emerged as an important dimension of performance for characterizing cognitive function and cognitive status. The present study explores whether (a) RT inconsistency is associated with attention switching performance between-persons and within-persons over time, (b) RTI-attention switching associations differ as a function of cognitive impairment status, and (c) RTI-attention switching associations change longitudinally over 4 years.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A sample of 304 adults (64-92 years) at baseline completed measures of attention switching and a 1-back choice response time task weekly for 4-5 weeks, repeating this protocol and a basic neuropsychological assessment annually for 4 years. Three cognitive status subgroups were identified at baseline: healthy controls (HC), as well as cognitive impairment-no dementia (CIND) status based upon single (CIND-S) and multiple (CIND-M) domains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Greater RTI was associated with significantly slower attention switching performance between-persons and within-persons over time. Importantly, RTI-attention switching associations were specific to individuals exhibiting cognitive impairment. Specifically, within-person associations were evident among CIND-M participants, while between-person associations emerged for CIND-S and CIND-M participants. RTI-attention switching associations did not reliably change over time. All associations were independent of age, education, chronic health conditions, and mean RT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RTI confers a unique information about cognitive function and status and holds promise as a functional indicator of pathological cognitive aging. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":"40 3","pages":"229-239"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147366201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relations of left ventricular mass and hypertrophy to cognitive function in urban dwelling African American and White adults.","authors":"Eduardo A Alsina, Wyatt T Marshall, Shaline Escarfulleri, Michele K Evans, Alan B Zonderman, Shari R Waldstein","doi":"10.1037/neu0001053","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Evaluate the relations of left ventricular mass (LVM) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) to cognitive function in midlife adults and examine potential moderating influences of self-identified race and poverty status.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants were 1,107 African American and White urban-dwelling adults (<i>M</i>_age = 52.19, 60.4% female, 56.5% African American, 34% below 125% of the poverty line) from the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span study. Multivariable linear regressions examined up to three-way interactions of LVM (and LVH), race, and poverty status to tests of attention, memory, executive function, verbal abilities, and perceptuo-motor speed. Covariates included demographic variables and cardiovascular disease risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no significant three- or two-way interactions of LVM (or LVH), race, or poverty status for any cognitive outcome. Backward elimination identified significant main effects of LVM on the Brief Test of Attention (β = -0.089, <i>p</i> = .010) and Trails Making Test (TMT)-B (β = 0.072, <i>p</i> = .021). Main effects of LVH were significant for the Brief Test of Attention (β = -0.075, <i>p</i> = .017), TMT-B (β = 0.071, <i>p</i> = .012), TMT-A (β = 0.078, <i>p</i> = .009), and Verbal Fluency (β = -0.067, <i>p</i> = .027). Both LVM and LVH were negatively associated with performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the presence of nonsignificant interactions, those with higher LVM (and LVH) displayed poorer performance on tests of divided attention, executive function, semantic verbal fluency, and perceptuo-motor speed. Findings may reflect the early emergence of neurocognitive changes associated with elevated cardiovascular risk in this largely middle-aged sample. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"254-268"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12673488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145513575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-related inhibitory decline: Examining inhibition subcomponents and their impact on sustained attention in healthy aging.","authors":"Ciara Treacy, Sophie C Andrews, Jacob M Levenstein","doi":"10.1037/neu0001049","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The inhibition deficit hypothesis postulates that inhibitory functioning declines with age, which negatively impacts other cognitive abilities. Yet still, the impact of healthy aging on inhibitory functioning remains unclear, with the multifaceted nature of inhibition often an overlooked factor. Moreover, no prior study has empirically tested whether inhibitory subcomponents explain differential age effects in sustained attention-an open question that this work aimed to address.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We cross-sectionally investigated the inhibition deficit hypothesis in 80 healthy older adults (<i>M</i>_age = 67.78 years, 44 female). We utilized the PsyToolkit platform to administer three inhibition tasks (i.e., flanker, Stroop, and go/no-go), each targeting a distinct subcomponent process, along with the Sustained Attention to Response Task.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The flanker task had low internal consistency and was deemed unreliable. Semipartial correlations of the remaining inhibition measures with age resulted in significant positive relationships with task performance on the Stroop (errors: ρ = 0.337, <i>p</i> = .014; reaction time: ρ = 0.313, <i>p</i> = .028) and a negative association with the go/no-go (balanced integrated score: ρ = -0.471, <i>p</i> < .001), such that older individuals had more pronounced Stroop effects and worse overall go/no-go performance. Finally, go/no-go performance completely mediated the relationship between aging and sustained attention performance (<i>t</i> = -2.30, 95% CI [-0.05, -0.01]), while Stroop effects partially mediated this association (<i>t</i> = -2.16, 95% CI [-0.03, -0.002]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Age-related declines were observed across reliable inhibition tasks, lending support for the inhibition deficit hypothesis. The mediation findings demonstrate that inhibitory subcomponents account for age-related declines in sustained attention, over and beyond aging itself via an indirect path, representing an important cognitive domain to maintain throughout aging. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"240-253"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145459377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of proposer features on inequity aversion: A meta-analysis of event-related potential (ERP) studies.","authors":"Jian Liang, Chenxi Li, Qinqin Zheng, Xue Du","doi":"10.1037/neu0001061","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Identical information can be perceived differently depending on the framing in which it is presented. Consequently, individuals may exhibit varying degrees of inequity aversion toward objectively inequitable allocations depending on the proposer features. However, a precise characterization is still lacking regarding the role of proposer features in maintaining social fairness norms and their influence on the temporal dynamics of inequity aversion processing.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis of event-related potential studies that explored the influence of proposer features on inequity aversion using the ultimatum game. This meta-analysis aimed to provide more temporal evidence for the underlying neural mechanisms and offer more support to the dual-system processing theory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using the fixed-effect model, the results revealed that proposer features induced significant amplitude changes of the feedback-related negativity (early, rapid processing of norm violations) and P300 (late, deeper processing) components. These two components respectively mapped the intuitive system (System 1) for automated processing and the deliberate system (System 2) for elaborate processing. In addition, subgroup analysis indicated that specific proposer features led to different processing patterns, which had different impacts on the feedback-related negativity and P300.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Taken together, proposer features significantly regulated the processing of the early and late stages of inequity aversion. Following processing by both intuitive and deliberate systems, proposer features facilitated more flexible decision making in fairness-related scenarios. These findings provided more evidence for the neural mechanism of inequity aversion and supported the dual-system processing theory of unfair decision making. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":"40 3","pages":"314-327"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147366277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the body and through the body: A multidimensional assessment of functional body representations, interoceptive dimensions, and quality of life in multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Simona Raimo, Gina Ferrazzano, Antonella Di Vita, Mariachiara Gaita, Federica Satriano, Miriam Veneziano, Valentina Torchia, Daniele Belvisi, Giorgio Leodori, Angelo Collura, Elisabetta Signoriello, Giacomo Lus, Liana Palermo, Antonella Conte","doi":"10.1037/neu0001051","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurological condition that affects physical, cognitive, and emotional functions, significantly impacting quality of life (QoL) even in its early stages. Beyond the typical motor, sensory, visual, and brainstem disorders usually assessed by the Expanded Disability Status Scale, MS also impairs functional body representations and interoception, diminishing overall functioning and QoL. In this study, we aim to explore the relationships between functional body representations, interoceptive processes, and major clinical outcomes, including physical disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale), fatigue severity, and health-related QoL in people with MS.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Fifty-nine people with MS were assessed with tasks assessing body representations, action-oriented and nonaction-oriented, and interoception.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Action-oriented and nonaction-oriented body representation performance was significantly associated with fatigue severity (<i>r</i> = -.337 and <i>r</i> = .301, respectively; <i>p</i>s ≤ .021), suggesting that body representations are particularly vulnerable to perceived fatigue in MS. In addition, fatigue severity and bowel/vesical dysfunction were positively correlated with the tendency to overestimate one's own interoceptive capabilities (<i>r</i> = .335 and <i>r</i> = .311, respectively; <i>p</i>s ≤ .017), highlighting the role of MS-related disability in interoception.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore the importance of integrating assessments of body representation and interoception into clinical practice to guide therapeutic interventions aimed at improving people with MS outcomes and QoL. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"306-313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145743594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}