Neuropsychology最新文献

{"title":"Strain and recovery activities over a week predict short-term changes in processing speed measured in everyday environments: A survey response-time study in workers from a large internet panel.","authors":"Raymond Hernandez, Shawn C Roll, Raeanne C Moore, Elizabeth Zelinski, Pey-Jiuan Lee, Doerte U Junghaenel, Arie Kapteyn, Daniel Maupin, Hongxin Gao, Haomiao Jin, Bart Orriens, Stefan Schneider","doi":"10.1037/neu0001101","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Both recovery and strain are highly relevant to worker productivity and cognitive performance. Prior research suggests that survey response times (RTs) may serve as an approximation of everyday processing speed. We examined associations between strain-related experiences and recovery behaviors over a week, a time frame seldom considered prior, and subsequent survey RT-based processing speed.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We analyzed approximately 1 year of data from 5,303 workers in a U.S.-based Internet panel study. Participants completed a survey on a biweekly to monthly basis regarding their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2020-July 2021).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within individuals, longer survey RTs (indicating slower processing speed) were associated with working 50 or more hours (<i>B</i> = 0.016 log seconds, 95% confidence interval [0.004, 0.025]), having work hours reduced (i.e., job insecurity, <i>B</i> = 0.031, 95% CI [0.016, 0.044]), a positive COVID test (<i>B</i> = 0.041, 95% CI [0.03, 0.055]), fever (<i>B</i> = 0.012, 95% CI [0.003, 0.024]), feelings of fatigue (<i>B</i> = 0.019, 95% CI [0.012, 0.025]), headache (<i>B</i> = 0.018, 95% CI [0.011, 0.027]), body aches (<i>B</i> = 0.017, 95% CI [0.009, 0.025]), higher stress levels (<i>B</i> = 0.006, 95% CI [0.001, 0.01]), and increased depressive symptoms (B = 0.009, 95% CI [0.006, 0.011]) in the week prior. Unexpectedly, for individuals who typically infrequently engaged in general relaxation or socializing, engaging in these activities more often in the prior week was associated with reduced processing speed (<i>B</i> = 0.005, 95% CI [0.002, 0.008] and <i>B</i> = 0.006, 95% CI [0.002, 0.01], respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Everyday processing speed, as measured by survey RT, was sensitive to strain and recovery engagement experienced over the week prior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"574-592"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13339838/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148391425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifetime familiarity and episodic familiarity: The role of the transentorhinal cortex in aging.","authors":"Anaïs Servais, Aurélien Frick, François Meyer, Christine Bastin, Emma Delhaye","doi":"10.1037/neu0001102","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The transentorhinal cortex (tErC), which includes the medial portion of the perirhinal (PrC) and the anterolateral portion of the entorhinal cortices (alErC), is among the first brain regions affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD). Yet, its precise cognitive role remains controversial. Recent models propose that this region supports <i>episodic familiarity and lifetime familiarity,</i> and that it is particularly involved in tasks requiring fine conceptual discrimination between similar objects. The present study examined episodic and lifetime familiarity across three tasks to understand how the tErC supports familiarity, using materials with varying conceptual overlap and lifetime familiarity levels in both normal and pathological aging, encompassing different levels of tErC integrity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Fifty-eight older adults (aged 55+), including healthy individuals and patients with mild cognitive impairment or subjective cognitive decline, completed familiarity tasks. tErC volume was measured via high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging and was associated with tasks performance using repeated-measures Analyses of covariance or stepwise linear regressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The tErC volume was associated with familiarity performance selectively in task conditions involving high conceptual overlap between targets and lures.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results indicate that tErC integrity is selectively related to familiarity-based performance when recognition requires resolving interference between conceptually similar items. We discuss how combining tasks assessing different aspects of familiarity could help identify early cognitive decline. We suggest this approach should be tested in patients with AD biomarkers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"593-617"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148471814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between long-term hair cortisol levels and executive functioning in Wiedemann-Steiner Syndrome.","authors":"Kaylie Springer, Jacqueline Harris, Phillip Fanara, Lauren Meier, Laura Stolpe, Kimberly Elliott, Rowena Ng","doi":"10.1037/neu0001106","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome (WSS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by pathogenic KMT2A variants and characterized by intellectual disability, behavioral challenges, and executive dysfunction. KMT2A loss has been linked to atypical neurogenesis in hippocampal and prefrontal regions, potentially contributing to dysregulated behaviors. Endocrinological abnormalities have also been found among those with WSS, which in turn may impact their stress biology. This study examines the associations between chronic stress, measured by hair cortisol concentration (HCC), and cognitive and behavioral functioning in WSS.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty White individuals with WSS (14 female; <i>M</i>_age = 14.85 years, <i>SD</i> = 6.14) completed standardized tests of executive functioning. Caregivers completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function and the Child/Adult Behavior Checklist to index daily behavior functioning. Hair samples were collected from participants and their parents to derive HCC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean HCC levels in the subset of children with WSS did not differ from normative reference values. In our whole cohort, higher HCC was associated with poorer performance scores on tests of cognitive flexibility. Regression models showed that higher HCC predicted poorer cognitive flexibility, explaining 36%-42% of the variance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings provide preliminary evidence that long-term cortisol levels are related to performance-based executive functioning difficulties in WSS. Results within the context of extant literature on WSS suggest that altered stress physiology, such as chronic exposure to stress hormone production, may contribute to their executive and behavioral dysfunction, potentially reflecting the downstream impact of disrupted KMT2A epigenetic function on later functional development of the prefrontal lobe network. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"644-654"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148412351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between daily real-time assessment of subjective cognitive function and objective cognition using ecological momentary assessment.","authors":"Brandon E Gavett, Maureen Schmitter-Edgecombe, Catherine Luna, Matthew J Zawadzki, Alyssa M Weakley, Jaclyn M Fox, Diane Cook, Shenghai Dai, Sarah Tomaszewski Farias","doi":"10.1037/neu0001075","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Subjective cognitive decline is a known risk factor for dementia, but associations between subjective and objective cognition have been inconsistently reported. This may, in part, be due to methods of assessment. This study used ecological momentary assessment to examine real-time associations between subjective mental sharpness and objective cognitive performance.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The sample included 162 older adults (<i>M</i>_age = 71.78, <i>SD</i> = 5.01) enrolled in a clinical trial promoting memory strategies and healthy lifestyles. Participants endorsed concern about recent cognitive changes but performed within normal limits on cognitive screening. Using smartwatches, participants received four daily prompts to rate their mental sharpness (1-5 Likert scale), followed by an <i>n</i>-back task. Positive and negative affect were assessed daily. Bayesian mixed effects modeling quantified the strength of association between <i>n</i>-back performance and both average and momentary (deviations from one's own average) deviations in self-rated sharpness controlling for mood/affect, contextual factors, and practice effects. A secondary analysis investigated whether variability in performance was associated with any of the predictor variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was an independent association between momentary deviations in mental sharpness on <i>n</i>-back performance (<i>b</i> = 0.041, 95% CI [0.008, 0.074]) such that when a participant's self-rated sharpness was below their personal average, cognitive performance was lower. Performance variability increased with age but was not strongly associated with self-reported sharpness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ecological momentary assessment-captured momentary deviations in perceived sharpness predicted objective cognitive performance. Findings suggest that ecological momentary assessment methods could advance our ability to measure subjective cognitive ratings, with implications for detecting individuals at risk for developing dementia. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"563-573"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148318232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obtaining comparable measurement of midlife cognitive functioning from disparate cognitive tasks.","authors":"Michael J Culbertson, Eric Grodsky, Chandra Muller, John Robert Warren, Jennifer J Manly, Adam M Brickman","doi":"10.1037/neu0001104","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>National surveys of health and aging increasingly collect data via multiple modes, including via face-to-face, phone, and the web. However, mode effects-differences in measurement due to how the data are collected, rather than to underlying differences in cognition-undermine comparability in performance for different segments of samples, impeding analysis of cognitive function in the full sample. This article reports on the construction and evaluation of a measure of general cognitive functioning comparable across diverse phone and web cognitive tasks for the 2021 follow-up of the High School and Beyond Study of 1980, a nationally representative survey of individuals who were U.S. high school sophomores and seniors in 1980.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We used a hierarchical explanatory item response theory model to equate general cognition scores across phone and web samples based on the relationship between midlife cognition and covariates from midlife and high school.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The full model replicated task scores from unidimensional models, and the explanatory component of the model did not bias general cognition scores, indicating that the model was a faithful representation of patterns of cognitive task performance. We found no evidence of a violation of our assumption of the independence of regression coefficients and survey mode.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This article provides an empirical example of how to construct a psychometrically sound cross-mode cognitive score from data collected through multiple modes. Given the increasing demand for cost-effective large-scale survey design, our method may find greater application in other nationally representative aging studies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"618-630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148318257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Typing to the beat of inner speech: The embodied representation of speech prosody in keystroke rhythmic patterns.","authors":"Yael Goldstein-Marcusohn, Zohar Eviatar, Hamutal Kreiner","doi":"10.1037/neu0001108","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated whether inner speech reflects an embodied representation by examining whether prosodic features of spoken sentences, specifically tempo and pitch, affect motor behavior during typing.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Across two experiments, participants listened to sentences varying in structure and emotional tone, silently repeated them, and then typed them. Acoustic features (tempo and pitch) were extracted from the spoken sentences. During typing, motor measures, including typing speed and key pressure, were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that spoken word duration robustly predicted mean interkey interval (Experiment 1: β = 113.183, <i>p</i> < .001; Experiment 2: β = 95.857, <i>p</i> < .001). In practical terms, this corresponds to approximately an additional ∼11 ms (Experiment 1) or ∼10 ms (Experiment 2) in mean interkeystroke interval for every 0.1 s increase in spoken word duration. In the emotional manipulation, pitch predicted typing pressure (β = 0.586, <i>p</i> < .001). Overall, faster tempo was associated with shorter spoken words, and pressure covaried weakly with prosodic prominence in line with the auditory materials. These converging findings are consistent with the idea that covert speech simulations can preserve prosodic detail and that this detail can be expressed in typing dynamics; however, the present design is correlational and does not establish causality. In both experiments, typing speed was jointly predicted by speech tempo and sentence length. In emotionally intoned sentences, higher acoustic pitch was associated with increased typing pressure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that inner speech may preserve prosodic features of spoken language and that these features can covary with motor output during typing. The results are consistent with an embodied/grounded account in which covert speech engages sensorimotor systems, but the present paradigm does not isolate a causal role for inner speech. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"664-674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive impairments associated with meningiomas and gliomas in adults: A systematic review.","authors":"Sara Goffinet, Xavier De Tiège, Florence Lefranc, Patrick Fery, Hichem Slama, Julie Bertels","doi":"10.1037/neu0001103","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Meningiomas and gliomas are common adult brain tumors often linked to cognitive impairments. Meningiomas are frequently overlooked as a potential contributor to such impairments, due to their benign, extra-axial, and slow-growing nature. This systematic review compares the type and frequency of cognitive impairments associated with these brain tumors, prior to any therapeutic intervention.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Systematic search conducted in ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library identified records on cognitive status of adults with untreated, nonrecurrent gliomas or meningiomas, published between January 01, 2000 and October 01, 2025. Studies using a comprehensive, test-based cognitive evaluation and strict exclusion criteria were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy studies (4,277 patients) with minimal risk of bias met the inclusion criteria. Although cross-study comparisons were hampered by heterogeneity in statistical thresholds, reported metrics, inclusion criteria, and neuropsychological assessments, the findings consistently indicated significant impairments across multiple cognitive domains, with comparable prevalence in gliomas and symptomatic meningiomas. Memory and executive impairments prevailed in gliomas, while executive and attentional impairments predominated in meningiomas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cognitive impairments are highly prevalent in patients with symptomatic meningiomas or gliomas. While gliomas do not consistently result in a higher frequency of impairments, this review highlights slight differences in the cognitive domains affected. The role of tumor growth and intra-axial location in cognitive outcomes remains unclear. Comparative studies based on strict inclusion/exclusion criteria and comprehensive neuropsychological evaluations are essential for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of cognitive impairments associated with primary brain tumors. Existing guidelines should be followed to harmonize assessments and enable comparisons. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":"631-643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148318210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impaired auditory sensory gating as a neurophysiological correlate of cognitive fatigue in long COVID.","authors":"Magdalena Mischke, Tino Zaehle","doi":"10.1037/neu0001120","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Fatigue is among the most disabling symptoms across neurological and postinfectious conditions and is a defining feature of long COVID, yet objective neurophysiological markers remain scarce. Auditory sensory gating, indexed by P50 suppression, has been proposed as a correlate of cognitive fatigue in multiple sclerosis, but its relevance in long COVID is unclear. Additionally, we compared the utility of the Beck Depression Inventory-II and Beck Depression Inventory-Fast Screen (BDI-FS) in this fatigued population.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Seventy-one individuals with long COVID-related fatigue completed questionnaires assessing fatigue (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale) and depressive symptoms (BDI-FS). Auditory sensory gating was assessed using a paired-click electroencephalography paradigm. Auditory sensory gating was assessed using a paired-click electroencephalography paradigm. Associations between cognitive fatigue, sensory gating, and depressive symptoms were examined using correlational analyses and two hierarchical regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Reduced P50 suppression was associated with higher Modified Fatigue Impact Scale cognitive scores (τ = -.173, <i>p</i> = .037). Cognitive fatigue correlated with depressive symptoms measured by the Beck Depression Inventory-II (τ = .239, <i>p</i> = .005), but not by the BDI-FS (τ = .131, <i>p</i> = .135). Neither depression measure correlated with sensory gating. P50 suppression accounted for unique variance in cognitive fatigue beyond demographics and depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Auditory sensory gating shows a small but meaningful association with cognitive fatigue in long COVID and contributes uniquely beyond depressive symptoms. The BDI-FS demonstrated less symptom overlap, supporting its suitability for depression screening in fatigued populations. These findings underscore the importance of distinguishing fatigue related from affective symptoms and suggest sensory gating as a promising transdiagnostic target in fatigue research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal assessment of fluid cognitive function and cognitive fatigue in adolescents with concussion and orthopedic injury: A Pediatric Assessment of Rest and Exertion (PedCARE) study.","authors":"Veronik Sicard, Zoe Ivan, Lauren Butterfield, Keith Owen Yeates, Roger Zemek, Andrée-Anne Ledoux","doi":"10.1037/neu0001113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0001113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Objective:</i> Examine differences in fluid cognition and multidimensional fatigue between youth with concussion and orthopedic injury (OI) at 72-hr and 4-week postinjury and explore the association between fatigue and fluid cognition and cognitive symptoms in each group.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This secondary analysis of the Pediatric Concussion Assessment of Rest and Exertion randomized controlled trial of children aged 10-17.99 years who presented to the emergency department ≤48 hr of a concussion or OI. The National Institutes of Health Toolbox assessed fluid cognition, Health and Behaviour Inventory measured cognitive symptoms, and Pediatric Quality of Life Multidimensional Fatigue Scale measured fatigue at 72 ± 48 hr and 4 weeks ± 5 days postinjury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-four concussion (<i>Mdn</i>_age [interquartile range] = 12.41 [11.20-13.83] years, 47.6% female) and 32 OI participants (<i>Mdn</i>_age [interquartile range] = 12.88 [11.67-14.42] years, 37.5% female) were included. Significant Group × Time interactions emerged for the Fluid Cognition Composite, Pattern Comparison, Picture Sequence, and Flanker Inhibitory tests (<i>p</i>s ≤ .048) and on all fatigue dimensions (<i>p</i>s < .001). At 72 hr, the concussion group performed worse than the OI on the Fluid Composite and Pattern Comparison tests (<i>p</i> ≤ .048) and reported higher fatigue than the OIs (<i>p</i>s ≤ .005), with differences resolving by 4 weeks. A group effect was found on Dimensional Change Card Sorting test (<i>p</i> = .007), with the concussion group performing worse than the OI group across time points (<i>p</i> = .003). No associations between Fluid Cognition Composite score and fatigue were observed (<i>p</i> ≥ .09). Greater total and cognitive fatigue were associated with higher cognitive symptom burden in the concussion group (<i>p</i> ≤ .001) but not in the OI group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cognition and fatigue showed similar recovery trajectories, suggesting that they may recover in parallel. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Verbal fluency across the lifespan: The role of cognitive reserve and expression suppression in the first 10-s performance.","authors":"Elisabetta Pisanu, Bianca Monachesi, Stefania Lucia, Silvia Fornaro, Raffaella Ida Rumiati","doi":"10.1037/neu0001114","DOIUrl":"10.1037/neu0001114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study examined verbal fluency performance using a 10-s paradigm in young and older adults, focusing on the role of cognitive reserve (CR) and emotion regulation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Thirty-eight young adults and 44 healthy older adults completed phonemic, semantic, and emotional fluency tasks, together with standardized assessments of vocabulary, working memory, CR, and emotion regulation. Linear mixed-effects models were used to examine task- and group-related effects, as well as the contribution of established cognitive predictors (vocabulary, backward digit span, and education). Additional models tested the role of CR and expressive suppression, the latter examined in relation to emotional fluency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Performance differed across fluency types (η_p² = .39, i.e., semantic > phonemic > emotional) and between age groups (η_p² = .11), with young adults outperforming older adults. Vocabulary emerged as the strongest predictor (η_p² = .07), whereas working memory showed only a trend-level effect once lexical knowledge was controlled for (η_p² = .04). Education did not uniquely predict performance. Within emotional fluency, positive emotions elicited higher accuracy than negative emotions (η_p² = .03), and older adults were impaired for negative prompts. Expressive suppression negatively predicted emotional fluency accuracy independently of age (η_p² = .10). Within the older group, higher CR was associated with better overall fluency performance (η_p² = .11).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 10-s fluency paradigm retains sensitivity to age-related differences while emphasizing rapid, automatic retrieval processes. The results underscore the protective role of CR and identify expressive suppression as a key affective modulator of emotional fluency. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":19205,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148813683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}