Neurological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Letter to the editor regarding \"beyond memory: leveraging CSF biomarkers in all MCI patients ahead of anti-amyloid therapies\".","authors":"Ghazaleh Homaghostar, Ehsan Alimohammadi","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08426-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08426-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating MicroRNAs as diagnostic indicators in tuberculous Meningitis-A case -control study in North Indian population.","authors":"Ritika, Vineeta Singh, Varun Kumar Singh, Rameshwar Nath Chaurasia, Abhishek Pathak, Deepika Joshi, Anand Kumar, Vijay Nath Mishra","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08410-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08410-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Tuberculous meningitis (TBM), a severe and often fatal form of tuberculosis, showing high mortality and long-term neurological sequelae. Recent evidence suggests that microRNAs play a crucial role in TBM pathogenesis and may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosis and disease progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight TBM patients and three healthy controls were recruited. Whole blood samples RNA was extracted and processed. Sequencing was performed on the Illumina platform with a 50-bp single-end read configuration. Data preprocessing included quality control (FastQC), adapter trimming (Cutadapt), and alignment to the human genome (GRCh38) using mirDeep2. Differentially expressed miRNAs were identified using the edgeR package in R, applying a log₂ fold change threshold of ± 1 and a false discovery rate (FDR) ≤ 0.05. Experimentally validated miRNA-mRNA interactions were retrieved from miRTarBase, TarBase, and miRecords. Functional enrichment and pathway analyses were conducted using clusterProfiler and KEGG database resources in R.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>hsa-miR-23b-5p and hsa-miR-27a-5p were significantly upregulated, while hsa-miR-126-5p and hsa-miR-339-5p were downregulated in TBM. Stage-specific miRNA expression patterns were observed, with hsa-let-7f-5p and hsa-miR-16-5p showing significant upregulation in Stage 2 TBM compared to Stage 1. Functional annotation of validated targets highlighted enrichment in biological processes such as cell cycle regulation, RNA splicing, and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, along with key pathways including autophagy and endocytosis, known to be involved in mycobacterial survival and host immune response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The identified differentially expressed miRNAs could serve as biomarkers for early diagnosis and disease monitoring. Further large-scale validation are warranted to translate these findings into clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal imaging reveals intracranial stenosis in a young patient with cryptogenic borderzone stroke.","authors":"Maria Rosaria Bagnato, Chiara Bagnato, Martina Gaia Di Donna, Dario Filoni, Giada Valente, Bruna Venturi","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08453-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08453-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carcinomatous leptomeningitis from bladder cancer mimicking immune-related cerebellitis: A case report.","authors":"Filippo Cordaro, Andrea Barresi, Francesco Bencivinni, Aurelia Banco, Massimo Gangitano, Giuseppe Salemi, Marco D'Amelio, Cesare Gagliardo","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08425-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08425-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe the case of a 65-year-old man with a medical history of smoking, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and anxiety-depressive disorder. The patient initially presented with dysuria and haematuria. Contrast-enhanced computerized tomography scan revealed a muscle-invasive bladder tumour and rectal wall thickening. Biopsies confirmed high-grade urothelial carcinoma (stage pT2) and rectal adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy with gemcitabine plus cisplatin, which was later switched to carboplatin due to renal impairment. Chemotherapy was discontinued approximately 12 months after symptom onset, and immunotherapy with Avelumab was initiated. Four months following the start of immunotherapy, a fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan showed no evidence of metastases. Shortly thereafter, he developed neck pain and postural instability. Brain magnetic resonance imaging scan revealed cerebellar oedema and leptomeningeal enhancement. Although neuroradiologists suggested carcinomatous leptomeningitis, oncological evaluation considered it unlikely. Alternative hypotheses included paraneoplastic cerebellitis and immunotherapy-induced leptomeningitis. Despite corticosteroid therapy, the patient's condition worsened. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed markedly elevated protein levels and the presence of epithelial cells, confirming leptomeningeal metastatic spread of urothelial origin. Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis is a rare manifestation of bladder cancer and is difficult to diagnose due to non-specific symptoms and potential overlap with immunotherapy-related side effects. Neuroimaging and CSF cytology remain essential for diagnosis. There is currently no standardized treatment for leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from urothelial carcinoma; management is palliative. In our case, the patient died shortly after diagnosis. This case highlights the importance of considering this diagnosis even in rare tumour types, particularly in patients receiving immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dystonia-predominant VPS35-related parkinson's disease: diagnostic challenges and the role of Levodopa response in unmasking genetic etiology.","authors":"Changhong Tan, Jiali Yang, Qian Yang, Xiaopeng Feng","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08437-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08437-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Converging pathologies in neurodegeneration: the mechanistic interplay between α-Synuclein and Tau in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.","authors":"Jeyaram Bharathi Jeyabalan, Vignesh Pandi A, Sankar Veintramuthu, Ramasamy Sivasamy, Muralikrishnan Dhanasekaran, Antony Justin","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08421-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08421-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease are the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorders globally, each characterized by distinct pathological hallmarks; primarily tau neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid-beta plaques in AD, and alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) Lewy bodies in PD. However, evidence suggests a complex interplay between these proteins, particularly α-Syn and tau, which may contribute to the progression of both diseases. Recent observations demonstrate the co-occurrence of α-Syn and tau pathologies in both AD and PD patients. At the molecular level, both proteins exhibit prion-like propagation properties and can undergo cross-seeding, where one misfolded protein species induces the misfolding, aggregation of the other and increasing neurotoxicity. These proteins also share common post-translational modifications, cellular clearance mechanisms, and are influenced by similar microenvironmental factors that favor protein aggregation. This review explores the potential mechanisms by which α-Syn in PD may influence tau pathology, potentially exacerbating AD like disease progression that may potentially contribute to cognitive decline in PD. This review also delves into the underlying molecular pathways, such as prion-like propagation, cross-seeding, and inflammatory responses that could mediate this interaction, leading to enhanced neurodegeneration in comorbid cases. Further, various clinical implications of proteins' interplay, relevance to mixed neurodegenerative phenotypes, and potential therapeutic strategies targeting both α-Syn and tau pathologies have also been discussed in this manuscript.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infantile hypernatremic encephalopathy with osmotic demyelination - a diagnostic dilemma.","authors":"Madhu S Gaddigoudar, Sameer Peer, Roshwanth A, Balachandar Vellingiri, Arvinder Wander","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08436-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08436-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Patients with Primary Progressive Aphasia: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-analysis.","authors":"Khaled Alhwaishel, Mariano Gallo Ruelas, Aisha Rizwan Ahmed, Victor Gonçalves Soares, Aishwarya Koppanatham, Jhon E Bocanegra-Becerra, Elizabet Taylor Pimenta Weba, Anuraag Punukollu, Krish Kuhar, Gabriel de Moraes Mangas, Jéssica Sales de Oliveira, Reem Ali Aldubaisy, Brodus A Franklin, Murilo Dos Santos Mancilha, Rafael B João","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08344-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08344-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a group of dementias characterized by progressive loss of specific language functions with relative sparing of other cognitive domains. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been introduced as a potential therapeutic option for PPA. We aim to evaluate the efficacy of tDCS in improving cognitive and language functions in patients with PPA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched up to June 2024 to identify randomized controlled studies (RCTs) comparing tDCS vs sham procedure in patients with PPA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis encompassed ten RCTs comparing the efficacy of tDCS against sham treatment, with a total of 167 participants. Due to the crossover design implemented in several studies, 94.5% of participants received active tDCS, while 91.1% received the sham intervention. The findings demonstrated significant improvements immediately post-tDCS (SMD 0.29, 95% CI 0.003-0.57, p = 0.05, I2 = 19%) and sustained benefits after two months or more (SMD 0.51, 95% CI 0.10-0.92, p = 0.01, I2 = 11%) in the untrained naming task. Similarly, for the trained naming tasks, significant improvement was observed (SMD 0.96; 95% CI 0.27 to 1.65; p < 0.01; I2 = 0%), even after the end of the tDCS treatment, with effects persisting for up to two months. (SMD 0.64; 95% CI 0.15 to 1.13; p = 0.01; I2 = 8%). However, no significant improvements were observed in cognitive tasks, untrained comprehension, language, and trained semantic tasks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that tDCS may be efficacious in augmenting naming tasks both acutely and over a prolonged period of up to two months. However, its effects on overall cognitive performance remain inconclusive. Further robust trials are warranted to elucidate its impact on cognitive function.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor neuron axonal excitability changes in the clinical course of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.","authors":"Panagiotis Kokotis, Eleni Bakola, Martin Schmelz, Michalis Rentzos, Georgia Papagiannopoupou, Georgios Tsivgoulis","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08443-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08443-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease characterized by slowly progressive degeneration of upper motor neurons (UMNs) and lower motor neurons (LMNs). Although the pathogenesis of sporadic form of ALS has not been fully elucidated, the initial damage mostly leads to hyperexcitability of the central and peripheral motor neuron. The results of our study aimed to confirm the changes in the excitability of the peripheral motor axon and contribute to the emergence of these measurements as potential biomarkers for disease progression. A total of 56 ALS patients [24 women (43%), median age 62.5 (interquartile range: 53.75-70.25) years] were finally included in the study. Twenty-four healthy controls that were age- and sex-matched to the cases [12 women (50%), mean age 58.46 ± 8.84] were recruited. The first main finding of our study is the fact that abnormalities of the voltage gated K⁺ ion channels were constantly present in ALS patients than in the controls. The multivariate analysis revealed that Superexcitability 7ms lower than - 21.06%, related to shorter survival. Additionally using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, the c-statistic showed Superexcitability 7ms moderate predictive ability. The clinical significance of our results is that Superexcitability 7ms can be used as a biomarker not only for survival but also for disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of glymphatic system activity and lateralization by diffusion tensor imaging in Parkinson's disease with excessive daytime sleepiness.","authors":"Xinxin Miao, Zihan Li, Yongfeng Jia, Qiumei Zhang, Jun Shen, Peixian Ji, Jianwei Wang, Min Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08434-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08434-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This research explored the relationship between glymphatic system function, hemispheric dominance, and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients through diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 3.0 T MR scans of PD patients and healthy controls (HCs). We used the ALPS index to assess the glymphatic system, and asymmetry patterns were evaluated via the asymmetry index (AI). PD patients were classified based on Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) scores, and correlations between glymphatic dysfunction and EDS symptoms were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 36 PD patients with EDS (PD-EDS), 56 PD patients without EDS (PD-NEDS) and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Compared to HCs, both left and right ALPS index were lower in PD-EDS patients (p = 0.001, p = 0.007, respectively), while only the right ALPS index was reduced in PD-NEDS patients (p = 0.001). The left ALPS index was significantly lower than the right across three groups (p < 0.001). PD-EDS patients exhibited reduced leftward asymmetry compared to PD-NEDS (p < 0.001). Notably, ESS scores were correlated negatively with the left ALPS index (r = -0.388, p = 0.028), and correlated positively with AI in PD-EDS patients (r = 0.657, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The glymphatic system exhibited dysfunction and altered lateralization in PD-EDS patients. The severity of EDS correlated with impairment of the left glymphatic system and its reduced leftward lateralization.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144962868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}