Neurological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Stress hyperglycemia indexes and early neurological deterioration in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.","authors":"Carmelo Tiberio Currò, Federica Ferrari, Giovanni Merlino, Stefan Moraru, Francesco Bax, Fedra Kuris, Lorenzo Nesi, Mariarosaria Valente, Elena Ballante, Nicola d'Altilia, Cristina Rascunà, Andrea Morotti, Federico Mazzacane, Anna Maria Cavallini","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08097-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08097-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate the relationship of early neurological deterioration (END) with admission glycemia (aG) and new stress hyperglycemia indexes in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present retrospective study included 171 ICH patients from two stroke centers. END was defined as an increase ≥ 4 points in National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and/or a decrease ≥ 2 points in Glasgow Coma Scale within 72 hours from admission. The included stress hyperglycemia indexes were glycemic gap (GGAP), stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), and glucose-glycated hemoglobin ratio. GGAP was calculated as aG - 28,7*glycated hemoglobin + 46,7; SHR as aG / (28,7*glycated hemoglobin - 46,7); Glucose-glycated hemoglobin ratio as aG / glycated hemoglobin. We performed univariate and multivariate analyses for END. The receiver operating characteristic curves were built for END-related glycemic measures; area under curves (AUC) were calculated and compared. The optimized threshold values were calculated, and significant glycemic measures were dichotomized. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for the dichotomized measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>END was present in 21 patients (12.3%) and was significantly associated with GGAP, SHR and glucose-glycated hemoglobin ratio, but not with aG. The AUC of the three stress hyperglycemia indexes did not differ significantly. The optimized cutoffs were 35.68 (sensitivity 0.47, specificity 0.81), 1.15 (sensitivity 0.62, specificity 0.68), and 26.67(sensitivity 0.43, specificity 0.80) for GGAP, SHR, and glucose-glycated hemoglobin ratio respectively. END was also associated with all stress hyperglycemia indexes expressed as categorical variables.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GGAP, SHR, and glucose-glycated hemoglobin ratio were predictors of END in ICH patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dramatic response to delayed treatment with tocilizumab in new-onset refractory status epilepticus.","authors":"Nicholas Pasqualini, Giovanni Falcicchio, Alberto Vogrig, Roberta Pellicciari, Giovanni Defazio, Domenico Gelormini, Marilena Casartelli Liviero, Leonardo Gottin, Bruno Bonetti, Cecilia Zivelonghi, Monica Ferlisi, Tiziano Zanoni","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08108-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08108-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New-Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus (NORSE) is a severe condition characterized by seizures that are refractory to conventional treatments and in which a clearly recognizable cause cannot be found, posing significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. However, recent evidence suggests an underlying immunopathogenic mechanism. We present two clinical cases of NORSE that showed an impressive electroclinical response to tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 receptor antagonist, despite it was administered several weeks after the onset of the symptoms. These findings suggest the role of a suspected aberrant immune response not only in the pathogenesis, but also in the maintenance of this pathological condition, highlighting the importance of considering immunomodulatory interventions in refractory epilepsy cases and raising potential questions regarding the most ideal timing and sequence of therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, tocilizumab may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for NORSE, even if administered late in the course of this pathological condition. Further research is needed to elucidate the possible underlying immunopathogenic mechanisms and to establish the efficacy and safety of immunomodulatory interventions in NORSE.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging, frailty, and their effects on motor performance: evidence from kinematic analysis.","authors":"Martina De Riggi, Giulia Paparella, Antonio Cannavacciuolo, Martina Salzillo, Filippo Nuti, Ludovica Quarta, Daniele Birreci, Davide Costa, Luca Angelini, Marco Canevelli, Matteo Bologna","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08092-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08092-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Aging is commonly linked to motor impairment. However, the relationship between motor performance across age groups and frailty remains unexplored through objective analysis.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To kinematically evaluate motor performance in older and younger adults and investigate its potential connection to frailty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 65 healthy subjects (40 females, age range 46-83 years). We used kinematic techniques to study finger-tapping and measure several movement parameters, i.e., number of movements, movement rhythm, amplitude and velocity, as well as progressive reduction in amplitude and velocity during movement repetition (sequence effect). The frailty status was evaluated using a 40-item Frailty Index (FI). We also evaluated cognitive functions, using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). We tested possible relationships between clinical and kinematic data using Spearman's correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A key finding was a significant difference in movement velocity between younger and older adults, with the latter exhibiting lower values (P = 0.014). Accordingly, age significantly correlated with movement velocity (ρ = -0.335, P = 0.037). Among older adults, movement velocity was also found to correlate with frailty (ρr = -0.297, P = 0.033), thus indicating that greater frailty is associated with more impaired motor performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relationship between the age-related slowed movement execution and frailty suggests that motor performance may serve as a sensitive indicator of physical vulnerability in aging populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty and urinary symptoms share pathophysiological mechanisms involved in disease progression in people with multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Angelo Di Santo, Leonardo Malimpensa, Marco Canevelli, Alessandra Zampelli, Daniele Belvisi, Giorgio Leodori, Flavio Forte, Antonella Giannantoni, Giuseppe Bruno, Antonella Conte, Gina Ferrazzano","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08089-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08089-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urinary symptoms represent a significant source of distress and disability in multiple sclerosis (MS), but the factors influencing their occurrence and exacerbation remain unclear. Frailty has been proposed as a measure of clinical complexity in MS and has been associated with its main phenotypic manifestations. The present study investigated the relationship between frailty and the presence and burden of urinary symptoms in MS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present study considered 149 outpatients. The presence of urinary symptoms was systematically explored. Frailty was assessed using a 40-item Frailty Index (FI). Participants with urinary symptoms underwent a urinary evaluation, including the 8-item overactive bladder questionnaire, the Urinary Incontinence Quality of Life Scale, Uroflowmetry, and Ultrasound for Postvoid Residual.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean disease duration was 13.7 years (SD 10.5), the median EDSS score was 1.5 (IQR = 0-3). Frailty was significantly associated with the presence and burden of urinary symptoms. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between the frailty index and chronological age, EDSS, disease duration, OAB, and I-QOL (all p < 0.05). In people with urinary symptoms, two multivariable logistic regression models showed that only the frailty index score was significantly associated with the Incontinence Quality of Life Scale total score and the 8-item overactive bladder questionnaire. No correlations were found between uroflowmetry data, postvoid residual, and frailty.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Frailty is associated with the presence and burden of disability due to urinary symptoms. Frailty possibly affects the pathophysiological mechanisms of MS involved in the development and worsening of urinary symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nighttime systolic blood pressure reduction rate and periventricular white matter hyperintensity were associated with cognitive function in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Lanlan Chen, Tingting Qiao, Cancan Ma, Chunfeng Liu, Yingzhu Chen, Hongying Zhang, Yao Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08029-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08029-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the relationship between nighttime systolic blood pressure (NSBP) reduction rate, white matter hyperintensity (WMH), and cognitive function in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All PD participants underwent 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitor and MRI, with the volumes of WMHs quantified. Participants were categorized into normal dipping and non-dipping groups based on dipping patterns, as well as dementia and non-dementia groups according to a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score of less than 20. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for cognitive function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to normal dippers (n = 13), non-dippers (n = 39) showed significantly lower MoCA scores, higher volumes of periventricular WMH, ratios of periventricular WMH to white matter (WM), and ratios of deep WMH to WM (P = 0.027; 0.015; 0.011; 0.023). Moreover, the ratios of juxtaventricular WMH to WM, periventricular WMH to WM, and deep WMH to WM in the dementia group were significantly higher than those in the non-dementia group (P = 0.003; 0.001; 0.011). Regression analysis revealed that education and NSBP reduction rate were independent protective factors (OR = 4.107, P < 0.001; OR = 2.062, P = 0.045), whereas ratio of periventricular WMH to WM was an independent risk factor (OR= -2.640; P = 0.011) for cognitive function in PD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NSBP reduction rate and ratio of periventricular WMH to periventricular WM were associated with cognitive function in PD patients. Reduced NSBP reduction may contribute to the development of WMH and consequent cognitive impairment in PD patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to editor: Is there still hesitancy towards SARS-CoV-2 vaccination among people with neurological disease?","authors":"Rabia Nizam","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08111-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08111-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the functional brain networks and graph theory analysis of patients with epilepsy and comorbid migraine without aura.","authors":"Shujiang Zhang, Zhiyu Lv, Jinmei Li, Dong Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08063-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08063-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the changes in the functional brain networks and graph theory analysis of patients with epilepsy and comorbid migraine without aura (EM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 30 patients with EM, 20 healthy controls (HC) and 30 epilepsy controls (EC) without migraine. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed to obtain imaging data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) value of the left superior temporal gyrus was higher in the EM group than in the HC group. The regional homogeneity (ReHo) values of the right orbital superior frontal gyrus were higher in the EM group than in the EC group. The functional connectivity between left superior occipital gyrus and left orbital part of the superior frontal gyrus, left middle temporal gyrus, right orbital part of middle frontal gyruss, left medial superior frontal gyrus (cluster 2), right middle frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, left median cingulate and paracingulate gyri was enhanced in the EM group compared with the HC group; the functional connectivity between the left superior occipital and left medial superior frontal gyri (cluster 1) was weakened. The functional connectivity was weakened between the posterior default mode network (pDMN) and dorsal sensorimotor network (dSMN) and the left frontoparietal network (LFPN) and right frontoparietal network. The functional connectivity between pDMN and LFPN was enhanced in the EM group compared with the EC group. Graph theory analysis revealed that the area under the curve of the standardized characteristic path length of the EM group was smaller than that of the HC and EM groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The abnormal functional brain networks associated with pain regulation, and changes in topological properties may be involved in the mechanisms underlying migraine without aura occurrence in patients with epilepsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized Periodic Discharges related to Anaesthesia Withdrawal (GRAWs) after status epilepticus in herpetic encephalitis: when less is more.","authors":"Gian Maria Asioli, Giacomo Urbinati, Tommaso Tonetti, Maria Guarino","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08103-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08103-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) 8.1 version, including the memory index score (MoCA-MIS): Italian norms.","authors":"Caterina Dapor, Maria Devita, Pamela Iannizzi, Elisa Arbia, Angela Bruzzano, Martina Dessì, Domiziana Lupi, Giulia Massa Rolandino, Margherita Rossi, Arianna Saccomano, Elisa Siccardi, Alessia Simonetto, Giulia Vuerich, Sara Zuliani, Konstantinos Priftis","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08066-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08066-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We standardized, in Italy, the latest version (i.e., 8.1) of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), including the Memory Index Score (MoCA-MIS), a sensible index of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Six hundred sixty-eight healthy participants took part in the study (age range: 18-99 years, education range: 1-30 years; females: 344). We conducted multiple linear regressions to detect the best predictors (Age, Education, Biological sex, and Cognitive reserve) of participants' performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that Age, Education, and, occasionally, Biological sex were significant predictors. In contrast, the contribution of Cognitive reserve did not show a systematic pattern. We provided a spreadsheet to precisely transform Raw scores into Adjusted scores for Age, Education, and Biological sex. Finally, Adjusted scores can be classified into Equivalent scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We conclude that the present standardization of the MoCA (8.1), including the MoCA-MIS, is a useful contribution for the neuropsychological screening of Italian-speaking persons.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143649674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease presenting with meningoencephalitis: a case report.","authors":"Wang You, Yong Liu, Gong Chen, Chen Yangmei, Xu Tao","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08088-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08088-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}