Neurological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Causal correlation between seizure activity and brain damage.","authors":"Laura Librizzi, Diogo Vila Verde, Marco de Curtis","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08209-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08209-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The correlation between seizure activity and brain damage represents one of the critical issue in epilepsy. In spite of the extensive literature on the topic, very few studies addressed the causal relation between brain tissue worsening and seizure recurrence. We specifically address this issue in the present manuscript. We define potential scenarios and review evidence of causality between seizures recurrence and brain injury in focal structural epilepsies, such as temporal lobe epilepsy and focal cortical dysplasia and extend the analysis to the pathophysiology of the aging brain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Experimental findings based on temporal lobe epilepsy models suggest that only conditions characterized by convulsive status epilepticus can induce secondary epileptogenesis that add injury to the brain tissue. When addressing late-onset epilepsies in elderly, it is still not clear whether seizures exacerbate the progression of the underlying pathological brain condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At the light of these results, we cannot conclude that seizures as such are responsible for a direct alteration of the brain tissue, whereas experimental evidence suggests that severe convulsive seizures may worsen an ongoing pathological process.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144120369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new instrument for the assessment of laterality: evidence from confirmatory analysis.","authors":"Muhammad Bari Hassan, Danish Kumar Goswami, Barkha Goswami, Fnu Neelam, Zainab Obaidullah, Ali Karim","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08251-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08251-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144120368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy in women: a rare case of central nervous system manifestations and implications for screening.","authors":"Chiara Esposto, Pietro Iaffaldano","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08245-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08245-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144120370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional analysis of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in pregnant women with and without HELLP syndrome.","authors":"Wenjing Song, Yansu Wang, Yu Kong, Jingwen Yang, Ying Ji, Xiaosa Sun, Xinyi Yuan, Xiaowen Li, Jin Tian, Fei Yang, Shao Xie, Hao Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08197-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08197-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to examine clinical, laboratory, neuroimaging and perinatal differences between pregnant women with isolated PRES and those with concurrent HELLP syndrome, thus improving clinicians' understanding of these conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 60 pregnant and postpartum women diagnosed with PRES at the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, spanning from January 2014 to March 2024. These patients were divided into two groups based on laboratory findings: the isolated PRES group and the PRES-HELLP group. The study compared general clinical parameters (risk factors, neurological symptoms), laboratory tests, neuroimaging data (affected brain regions), and perinatal outcomes between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 40 patients with isolated PRES and 20 patients with PREScombined with HELLP syndrome. Patients in the PRES-HELLP group exhibited lower platelet count, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), serum albumin (ALB), serum sodium ion (Na⁺), serum total calcium ion (Ca²⁺), and Apgar scores (both at 1 and 5 min), along with elevated CRP, liver enzymes, and urea levels compared to those in the PRES group (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Concurrent HELLP syndrome exacerbates maternal and fetal risks in pregnant women with PRES, emphasizing the significance of prompt recognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two voices, one legacy: Roberto Massalongo (1856-1919) and Freud's Tributes to Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893).","authors":"Francesco Brigo","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08212-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08212-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Roberto Massalongo (1856-1919), an Italian physician, was deeply influenced by his time studying under Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893) at the Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris in 1885. This experience shaped his career and enhanced his expertise in neurology. Upon Charcot's death in 1893, Massalongo authored a necrology reflecting on Charcot's multidisciplinary genius and his pivotal contributions to medicine, particularly in neurology. This article presents a biographical overview of Roberto Massalongo, provides his necrology of Charcot-translated into English for the first time-and compares it with the more widely recognized obituary written by Sigmund Freud (1856-1939). Freud, who spent four months (October 20, 1885-February 28, 1886) at the Salpêtrière studying under Charcot, offered an analytical tribute that complements Massalongo's more poetic homage. Both writings underscore Charcot's enduring influence on his students and his pivotal role in establishing the anatomo-clinical method as a cornerstone of modern neurology. By exploring these necrologies, the article provides a nuanced perspective on Charcot's legacy through the lens of two physicians shaped by his teachings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in circulating pro-inflammatory lymphocytes and cortical excitability with extended-interval natalizumab dosing in multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Marco Pisa, Tommaso Croese, Gloria Dalla Costa, Martina Congiu, Stefano Gelibter, Mario Orrico, Lucia Moiola, Giancarlo Comi, Roberto Furlan, Letizia Leocani","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08198-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08198-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Natalizumab is a potent treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS). By inhibiting immune cell trafficking to the CNS it increases the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Extended interval dosing (EID) aims to mitigate PML risk by partly restoring immune surveillance. End-of-dose symptoms, frequently reported by people on EID, may reflect an increased inflammatory cell trafficking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-five clinically and radiographically stable individuals on EID underwent neuropsychological (processing speed - PASAT and SDMT; self-reported fatigue - FSS), neurophysiological (SICI - Short Intracortical Inhibition, ICF- Intracortical facilitation, and CSP- cortical silent period), immunological assessments (circulating lymphocytes subpopulations and cytokines production), and plasma neurofilament quantification at the 2nd-4th and 6th-8th week after infusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>24/25 participants subjectively reported increased fatigue at the end-of-dose; no change in processing speed or self-reported fatigue was detected. At the end-of-dose, a selective drop in IFN𝛾-producing lymphocytes (CD4+: -57.7%, p = 0.01; CD8+: -41.45%, p = 0.014; NK: -54.23%, p = 0.033) and other pro-inflammatory lymphocyte subsets was observed compared with the intermediate visit. Furthermore, we observed changes in GABAergic cortical excitability, with an increased GABA-A dependent inhibition of the primary motor cortex at the end-of-dose (SICI, + 46.9%, p = 0.026) and a similar trend for GABA-B depended inhibition (CSP). Plasma neurofilament fluctuations were below the study's detection power.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Pro-inflammatory lymphocytes escape peripheral circulation at the end-of-dose, in the absence of clinical or radiographic disease activity. The observed change in GABA-dependent cortical inhibition may reflect this increased CNS lymphocyte trafficking. No association with end-of-dose symptoms was found.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carotid reconstitution in chronic dissection.","authors":"Marialuisa Zedde, Daniele G Romano, Luca Valvassori, Rosario Pascarella","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08242-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08242-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed diagnosis of myasthenia gravis caused by concurrent anxiety symptoms.","authors":"Valentina Gasparini, Daniele Mattavelli, Leonardo Pantoni","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08240-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08240-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is the most frequent autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction. Patients with MG often have concomitant psychiatric complications, with high prevalence rate of depression and anxiety. These disturbances may sometimes delay the diagnosis of MG. Moreover, the prescription of drugs used in anxiety disorder, such as benzodiazepines, interferes with the correct function of the neuromuscular junction, and may determine worsening of the symptoms.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>In this paper, we report the case of a 54-year-old woman with bulbar onset of MG and without circadian fluctuations who, during the COVID pandemic and partly consequent to it, was initially diagnosed with anxiety disorder, and treated with psychiatric drugs that eventually worsened the picture and led her to the emergency room.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our case is an example of how a concurrent anxiety disorder may mask and postpone the diagnosis of MG in patients without a clear modification of symptoms during the day. Misdiagnosing MG with anxiety disorder may have severe consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of melatonin in managing sleep and motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: a pooled analysis of double-blinded randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Ahmed Samy Badran, Hamza Khelifa, Mohamed Ibrahim Gbreel","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08221-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08221-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, often involves sleep disturbances, affecting 88-98% of patients. Melatonin, a sleep-regulating neurohormone, shows the potential to improve sleep quality and non-motor symptoms in PD.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate melatonin's efficacy and safety in PD patients with sleep disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane till January 2025. The risk of bias in the included studies was evaluated using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Dichotomous outcomes were expressed as risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), while continuous outcomes were reported as mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We retrieved 2537 records. Five double-blinded RCTs were finally included. The meta-analysis revealed a significant improvement in sleep quality, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), in the melatonin group compared to placebo (MD= -1.88, 95% CI: [-3.07, -0.68], P = 0.002). However, no significant differences were observed for the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (MD= -1.04 CI: [-2.81, 0.73], P = 0.25), total sleep time (MD = 14.85 min CI: [-5.45, 35.16], P = 0.15), sleep efficiency, sleep latency, REM sleep latency, frequency of arousals, or REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ; MD = 0.74, P = 0.50). For Parkinson's disease-related outcomes, melatonin significantly improved Non-Motor Symptom Scale (NMSS) scores but showed no significant effects on UPDRS Part III scores or Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Melatonin improves subjective sleep quality and non-motor symptoms in PD patients with a favorable safety profile, but effects on objective measures and motor symptoms remain inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Trial registry number: </strong>This meta-analysis was registered on PROSPERO.</p><p><strong>Registration number: </strong>CRD42024619496.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic utility of electrophysiological markers for early and differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's, Frontotemporal, and Lewy Body dementias: A systematic review.","authors":"Stéphanie De Keulenaer, Sara Van Mossevelde, Tobi Van den Bossche, David Crosiers, Patrick Cras, Tommas Ellender, Rose Bruffaerts","doi":"10.1007/s10072-025-08207-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08207-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An early and accurate diagnosis is crucial to provide optimal patient care in neurodegenerative diseases. Although an EEG shows advantages in availability and cost compared to the current diagnostic tools, it is not routinely used in clinical practice. Previous reviews have either focused on single disease populations and/or solely on resting-state EEG. To evaluate the utility of EEG for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis, we conducted a systematic review across Alzheimer's disease (AD), Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) and Lewy Body Dementia (DLB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched databases Pubmed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Scopus for articles published from 2000 to 2023 investigating resting-state and task-based EEG-markers in biomarker-proven AD, FTD and DLB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our search yielded a total of 12010 studies, of which 70 papers were eligible: 34 on AD, 18 on DLB, 9 on FTD, and 9 studies combining disease populations. Slowing of the frequency spectrum was a common observation across diseases, achieving excellent sensitivity in AD and DLB. Research on FTD was limited and with varying results in the discrimination from healthy controls, although connectivity analysis and microstates are promising avenues. In differential diagnosis, both spectral and connectivity metrics show encouraging results. Task-based EEG emerges as a promising tool in early AD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EEG shows promise as a cost-effective, non-invasive tool for early detection and differential diagnosis. Future research should aim to collect standardized data from multicentric cohorts, across multiple diseases and stages, and explore the neural underpinnings of these diseases, to improve interpretability of the findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19191,"journal":{"name":"Neurological Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144086489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}