New biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Successful combination of lactic acid bacteria and yeast fermentation and enzymatic treatment to re-cycle industrial bread by-products for bread making","authors":"Alessandro Stringari ,&nbsp;Andrea Polo ,&nbsp;Carlo Giuseppe Rizzello ,&nbsp;Kashika Arora ,&nbsp;Federica Racinelli ,&nbsp;Marco Ampollini ,&nbsp;Marco Gobbetti ,&nbsp;Raffaella Di Cagno","doi":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bread industry generates significant amounts of by-products which are discarded every day with relevant economic and environmental repercussions, despite they still contain high concentrations of potentially exploitable nutrients. Aiming to develop new sustainable solutions, this study explored the synergistic application of enzymatic treatment and sourdough fermentation to re-cycle industrial bread by-products for new sourdough bread making. <em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> SD69. B2 and <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> SD69. E3 were used as starters, while α-amylase, amyloglucosidase and protease were assessed for their ability to hydrolyze starch and proteins, providing more available carbon and nitrogen sources for the microorganisms. The bread waste-based sourdoughs made by combining protease and <em>L. plantarum</em> SD69. B2 alone or in combination with <em>S. cerevisiae</em> SD69. E3 were selected based on acidification and growth kinetics, and their biochemical, amino acid, and peptide profiles were also characterized demonstrating promising properties. Therefore, they were used, at different percentages, for bread making. Although a slightly acidic pH and a low leavening power, due to the denatured proteins and gelatinized starch in the bread by-products, the texture and sensory analyses of new breads revealed better textural attributes, smell, acidic taste, and overall acceptability compared to the control. The possible reasons behind such features were discussed. The overall results demonstrated that the approach proposed in this study was effective to valorize bread by-products, and it represents a starting point to develop strategies responding to the current perspective of circular economy in food industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19190,"journal":{"name":"New biotechnology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 140-150"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced purification of uterine smooth muscle cells from adenomyosis using a novel dual-enzyme digestion method","authors":"Yishen Rong ,&nbsp;Yichen Chen ,&nbsp;Jue Zhu ,&nbsp;Yuhui Sun ,&nbsp;Qiming Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Uterine adenomyosis causing attention to the abnormal smooth muscle layer has recently received increasing attention, which has created the need for a method that can efficiently collect high purity uterine smooth muscle cells (USMC) in a laboratory setting. In this study, we explored the composition ratios of the digestion solution to obtain the optimal digestion solution (DM4). Furthermore, we tested the superiority of the two methods of obtaining adenomyotic uterine smooth muscle by comparing DM4 with the conventional tissue adhesion method by growth rate, single-cell RNA sequencing, and purity of fluorescence identification. The results demonstrated that USMCs produced by the DM4 digestion method exhibited significantly higher rates of proliferation and were more effective in generating mature smooth muscle cells of high purity compared to those obtained using tissue adherence methods, which is more inclined to isolate the progenitor cell population. This study presents a reliable method for isolating USMCs and provides a solid foundation for future studies on the etiology and mechanism of adenomyosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19190,"journal":{"name":"New biotechnology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 151-161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond viability: Advancing CHO cell culture process strategies to modulate host cell protein levels","authors":"Ansuman Sahoo,&nbsp;Kyle Devenney,&nbsp;Marcus-Allen Nicolas,&nbsp;Nicholas Zill,&nbsp;Balrina Gupta,&nbsp;Sri Ranganayaki Madabhushi","doi":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells are widely utilized in bioprocessing industry for monoclonal antibody (mAb) production. In many instances, challenges persist in achieving sufficient clearance of Host Cell Proteins (HCPs) in the final drug substance. While purification strategies usually offer substantial HCP clearance, certain \"problematic\" HCPs, particularly lipases, continue to pose significant challenges. This study investigates the accumulation of various \"problematic\" HCPs in CHO cell culture using transcriptomics, revealing correations between cell culture parameters and HCP level. Contrary to conventional assumptions, viability alone does not reliably predict HCP levels, with factors such as clone selection, host cell line choice, media and feed compositions significantly influencing HCP accumulation. Leveraging transcriptomics-based approaches, we demonstrate the potential of upstream process control strategies to mitigate HCP presence and improve biologic product quality. Our findings underscore the importance of considering diverse cell culture parameters in bioprocess optimization to ensure product stability and quality. While promising, further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying HCP release and propagation through downstream processing stages, emphasizing the necessity of a comprehensive integrated approach to HCP control in biologics production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19190,"journal":{"name":"New biotechnology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 128-139"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142558357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated CO2 enhances growth and cyanide assimilation in nitrogen-deficient rice: A transcriptome and metabolomic perspective","authors":"Cheng-Zhi Li,&nbsp;Abid Ullah,&nbsp;Peng Tian,&nbsp;Yi Kang,&nbsp;Xiao-Zhang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plants face multiple challenges from environmental pollutants and higher emissions of atmospheric CO₂. Therefore, a hydroponic-based experiment was used to explore the combined effects of elevated [CO₂] (700 ppm) and exogenous cyanide (CN⁻) (3.0 mg CN/L) on rice seedlings under nitrogen deficiency, utilizing metabonomic and transcriptomic analysis. Elevated [CO₂] significantly improved the growth of CN⁻-treated rice seedlings compared to those with ambient [CO₂] (350 ppm), and it also significantly affected CN⁻ assimilation. Transcriptome analysis revealed distinct impacts on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across treatments and tissues. KEGG analysis showed variability in DEGs enriched in amino acid (AA) and energy metabolism pathways due to elevated [CO₂] and CN⁻. Metabonomic indicated that higher input of [CO₂] and exogenous CN⁻ more severely impacted energy metabolism elements than the individual species of AAs. Positive synergistic effects of elevated [CO₂] and CN⁻ were observed for glutamine and asparagine in shoots, and methionine in roots, wherein negative effects were noted for phenylalanine in shoots, and phenylalanine, valine, and alanine in roots. Meanwhile, positive effects on fumarate in shoots and α-ketoglutarate and succinate in roots were also found. Overall, elevated [CO₂] enhanced growth in CN⁻-treated rice seedlings under nitrogen deficiency by altering AA and energy metabolism. This is the first attempt to provide new evidence of [CO₂]-based gaseous fertilization as an energy-saving strategy for rice plants fed with biodegradable N-containing pollutants as a supporting N source under N deficient conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19190,"journal":{"name":"New biotechnology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 115-127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142504850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knock-out of the major regulator Flo8 in Komagataella phaffii results in unique host strain performance for methanol-free recombinant protein production","authors":"Corinna Rebnegger ,&nbsp;Mirelle Flores-Villegas ,&nbsp;Viktoria Kowarz ,&nbsp;Sonakshi De ,&nbsp;Amandine Pusterla ,&nbsp;Hauke Holm ,&nbsp;Nuria Adelantado ,&nbsp;Christoph Kiziak ,&nbsp;Diethard Mattanovich ,&nbsp;Brigitte Gasser","doi":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flo8 is a main transcriptional regulator of flocculation and pseudohyphal growth in yeast. Disruption of <em>FLO8</em> in the popular recombinant protein production host <em>Komagataella phaffii</em> (<em>Pichia pastoris</em>) prevents pseudohyphal growth and reduces cell-to-surface adherence, making the mutant an interesting platform for research and industry. However, knowledge of the physiological impact of the mutation remained scarce. In-depth analysis of transcriptome data from <em>FLO8</em>-deficient <em>K. phaffii</em> revealed that Flo8 affects genes involved in cell cycle, mating, respiration, and catabolite repression additionally to flocculation targets. One gene with considerably increased expression in <em>flo8</em> was <em>GTH1</em>, encoding a high-affinity glucose transporter in <em>K. phaffii</em>. Its promoter (P_G1) was previously established as a strong, glucose-regulatable alternative to methanol-induced promoters. P_G1 and its improved derivatives P_G1_-₃, D-P_GS4 and D-P_GS5, proved to be promising candidates for controlling recombinant protein production in the <em>FLO8</em>-deficient background. In small-scale screenings, P_G1₃-controlled intracellular EGFP levels were 2.8-fold higher, and yields of different secreted recombinant proteins were up to 4.8-fold increased. The enhanced productivity of the <em>flo8</em> mutant in combination with the P_G1 variants was transferrable to glucose-limited fed-batch processes and could largely be attributed to higher transcriptional activity of the promoter, leading to a much higher productivity per chromosomally integrated gene copy. <em>K. phaffii flo8</em> has many advantageous characteristics, such as reduced surface growth and increased transcriptional strength of glucose-regulatable promoters. These features turn the <em>flo8</em> strain into a valuable new base strain for various experimental designs and establish <em>flo8</em> as an excellent strain background for methanol-free recombinant protein production processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19190,"journal":{"name":"New biotechnology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 105-114"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hydromechanical stress on CHO cells’ metabolism and productivity: Insights from shake flask cultivations with online monitoring of the respiration activity","authors":"Anne Neuss,&nbsp;Jacinta Sofia Tomas Borges,&nbsp;Nele von Vegesack,&nbsp;Jochen Büchs,&nbsp;Jørgen Barsett Magnus","doi":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hydromechanical stress is a relevant parameter for mammalian cell cultivations, especially regarding scale-up processes. It describes the mechanical forces exerted on cells in a bioreactor. The maximum local energy dissipation rate is a suitable parameter to characterize hydromechanical stress. In literature, different studies deal with the effects of hydromechanical stress on CHO cells in stirred tank reactors. However, they often focus on lethal effects. Furthermore, systematic examinations in smaller scales like shake flasks are missing. Thus, this study systematically considers the influence of hydromechanical stress on CHO DP12 cells in shake flask cultivations. By utilizing online monitoring of the oxygen transfer rate, the study simplifies and enhances the resolution of examinations. Results indicate that while lethal effects are absent, numerous sub-lethal effects emerge with increasing hydromechanical stress: The process time is prolonged. The time of glucose and glutamine depletion, and the lactate switch correlate positively linear with the logarithmic average energy dissipation rate while the maximum specific growth rate correlates negatively. Strikingly, the final antibody concentration only declines at the highest tested average energy dissipation rate of 3.84 W kg⁻¹ (only tested condition with a turbulent flow regime and therefore a higher maximal local energy dissipation rate) from about 250 mg L⁻¹ to about 180 mg L⁻¹. This study presents a straightforward method to examine the impact of hydromechanical stress in shake flasks, easily applicable to any other suspension cell line. Additionally, it offers valuable insights for scale-up processes, for example into stirred tank reactors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19190,"journal":{"name":"New biotechnology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 96-104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the potential of olive mill solid waste as feedstock for methane and volatile fatty acids production via anaerobic bioprocesses","authors":"Juan Cubero-Cardoso ,&nbsp;Mercedes Llamas ,&nbsp;Ángeles Trujillo-Reyes ,&nbsp;África Fernández-Prior ,&nbsp;Guillermo Rodríguez-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extensive production of olive mill solid waste (OMSW) from olive oil industry in the Mediterranean basin claims effective treatments and valorization strategies. This study aims to elucidate the potential of anaerobic digestion (AD) and anaerobic fermentation (AF) to convert pre-treated OMSW into biogas (CH₄) and volatile fatty acids (VFA), respectively. The two thermal treatment conditions (65 °C and 180 °C) that are being implemented in the industry that manages the OMSW were tested. Comparing the two treatments aims to demonstrate the influence on the AD process of the degree of solubilization and degradation of the metabolites produced from the same substrate. AD of OMSW treated at low-temperature (65 °C) exhibited similar methane yields (195 ± 8 mL CH₄/g volatile solid (VS)) to raw OMSW. AD of the solid phase (SP) after high-temperature treatment with acid addition at 180 °C resulted in methane yields comparable to raw OMSW while the liquid phase (LP) exhibited low methane yields (85 ± 10 mL CH₄/g VS). Nevertheless, LP/180 °C exhibited the highest VFA bioconversion at 27.6 %, compared to less than 10 % for SP/180 ºC, SP/65 °C, and raw OMSW. The VFA profile showed notable variations with thermal treatment temperatures. Propionic acid dominated at SP/65 °C, while acetic acid became the primary VFA at 180 °C. Furthermore, significant degradation rates of phenolic compounds and furans were observed during the final day of both anaerobic processes. Overall, these findings suggest that AD is more suitable for raw OMSW, treated at low temperature and SP at high temperature, while AF offers a promising alternative for high-temperature-treated LP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19190,"journal":{"name":"New biotechnology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 77-84"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Manipulating gene expression levels in mammalian cell factories: An outline of synthetic molecular toolboxes to achieve multiplexed control” [New Biotechnol 79 (2024) 1–19]","authors":"Peter Eisenhut ,&nbsp;Nicolas Marx ,&nbsp;Giulia Borsi ,&nbsp;Maja Papež ,&nbsp;Caterina Ruggeri ,&nbsp;Martina Baumann ,&nbsp;Nicole Borth","doi":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19190,"journal":{"name":"New biotechnology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 30-36"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142322452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barley as a production platform for oral vaccines in sustainable fish aquaculture","authors":"Alžbeta Mičúchová ,&nbsp;Jiří Kyslík ,&nbsp;Tomáš Korytář ,&nbsp;Veronika Piačková ,&nbsp;Ivo Frébort","doi":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent disease outbreaks in fish aquaculture, with oral vaccine administration emerging as the most practical approach. However, oral vaccines face a notable limitation due to insufficient stimulation of the complex gut-associated lymphoid tissue caused by factors such as vaccine degradation, poor absorption, and recognition by the immune cells. An innovative solution to these limitations lies in the plant-based production of recombinant vaccines. Plant cells enable the production and targeted storage of recombinant vaccines in specific cell organelles which ensure superior protection from degradation and contain natural compounds acting as adjuvants. Our study explores the potential of barley (<em>Hordeum vulgare</em>), a globally significant cereal crop, for producing orally administered subunit vaccines against viral infections affecting economically important fish species in the Salmonidae and Cyprinidae families. Through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of immature barley embryos, we have generated homozygous T₂ generation of transgenic barley expressing recombinant antigens of spring viremia of carp virus and infectious salmon anaemia virus. The expression of these plant-based recombinant vaccines was confirmed by immunodetection, which was supported by fluorescence observation, specifically in the seed endosperm. The antigenicity of transgenic plant material containing recombinant antigens was evaluated using an intubation model of common carp (<em>Cyprinus carpio</em>), revealing a substantial upregulation of the immunoglobulin transcripts in both systemic and mucosal tissues over a period of 28 days following a single dose of transgenic antigens. Collectively, these results underscore the potential of barley-based recombinant vaccines for disease prevention in fish aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19190,"journal":{"name":"New biotechnology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 37-52"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering the substrate specificity and regioselectivity of Burkholderia thailandensis lipoxygenase","authors":"Ruth Chrisnasari ,&nbsp;Marie Hennebelle ,&nbsp;Khoa A. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Jean-Paul Vincken ,&nbsp;Willem J.H. van Berkel ,&nbsp;Tom A. Ewing","doi":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nbt.2024.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lipoxygenases (LOXs) catalyze the regioselective dioxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), generating fatty acid hydroperoxides (FAHPs) with diverse industrial applications. Bacterial LOXs have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their broad activity towards PUFAs, yet knowledge about the structural factors influencing their substrate preferences remains limited. Here, we characterized a bacterial LOX from <em>Burkholderia thailandensis</em> (Bt-LOX), and identified key residues affecting its substrate preference and regioselectivity through site-directed mutagenesis. Bt-LOX preferred ω-6 PUFAs and exhibited regioselectivity at the ω-5 position. Mutations targeting the substrate binding pocket and the oxygen access channel led to the production of three active variants with distinct catalytic properties. The A431G variant bifurcated dioxygenation between the ω-5 and ω-9 positions, while F446V showed reduced regioselectivity with longer PUFAs. Interestingly, L445A displayed altered substrate specificity, favoring ω-3 over ω-6 PUFAs. Furthermore, L445A shifted the regioselectivity of dioxygenation to the ω-2 position in ω-3 PUFAs, and, for some substrates, facilitated dioxygenation closer to the carboxylic acid terminus, suggesting an altered substrate orientation. Among these variants, L445A represents a significant milestone in LOX research, as these alterations in substrate specificity, dioxygenation regioselectivity, and substrate orientation were achieved by a single mutation only. These findings illuminate key residues governing substrate preference and regioselectivity in Bt-LOX, offering opportunities for synthesizing diverse FAHPs and highlighting the potential of bacterial LOXs as biocatalysts with widespread applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19190,"journal":{"name":"New biotechnology","volume":"84 ","pages":"Pages 64-76"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142350871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}