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The Assessment of Knowledge about Tourette's Syndrome among Medical Students and Primary Physicians in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study 沙特阿拉伯利雅得医科学生和初级医生对妥瑞氏综合征知识的评估:一项横断面研究
IF 1.5
Neurology Research International Pub Date : 2022-02-28 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3018305
Anas A. Alalwan, Mohammad A. Alkhamis, A. Samman, Enan H. M. Alsharif, Omar E Tarabzoni, I. Khatri
{"title":"The Assessment of Knowledge about Tourette's Syndrome among Medical Students and Primary Physicians in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Anas A. Alalwan, Mohammad A. Alkhamis, A. Samman, Enan H. M. Alsharif, Omar E Tarabzoni, I. Khatri","doi":"10.1155/2022/3018305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3018305","url":null,"abstract":"Background Tourette's syndrome (TS), a chronic, often disabling neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by motor and vocal tics, is frequently misdiagnosed, or patients are delayed in diagnosis. There is severe deficiency of research about Tourette's syndrome (TS) in the Middle East region. Objectives To evaluate the knowledge and attitude of medical students and primary care physicians (PCPs) about TS and tic disorders. Methods IRB approved, cross-sectional study. A total of 316 medical students of King Saud bin Abdulaziz University and 59 primary care physicians of Riyadh participated. Convenient, cluster sampling was used. A validated, self-administered questionnaire was used. Sum of all knowledge questions was calculated. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results Survey was completed by 375 students and physicians, of whom 253 (67.5%) were men. Mean general knowledge score was 61.5 (±12.04) out of 100. Majority (66.1%) knew the diagnostic criteria for TS; only 46.1% considered antipsychotics as effective treatment. Only 25.1% had ever heard of habit reversal; 70% wanted to learn more. Only 10% of physicians had treated a patient with TS. There was no difference in knowledge between men and women (p=0.776). Board-certified physicians had a higher knowledge score (p < 0.05). Family physicians demonstrated higher level of knowledge compared to other physicians (p < 0.05). There was no difference between knowledge of students of different years (p=0.859) or between students and physicians (p=0.569). Conclusion There was alarming lack of knowledge about Tourette syndrome at various level of medical training and practice including students and physicians. Those who achieved board certification and practiced as family physicians fared better in knowledge about Tourette's syndrome.","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79158056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Brain Connectivity and Network Analysis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. 肌萎缩侧索硬化症的脑连通性和网络分析。
IF 1.5
Neurology Research International Pub Date : 2022-02-07 eCollection Date: 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1838682
Vijay Renga
{"title":"Brain Connectivity and Network Analysis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.","authors":"Vijay Renga","doi":"10.1155/2022/1838682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/1838682","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease with no effective treatment or cure. ALS is characterized by the death of lower motor neurons (LMNs) in the spinal cord and upper motor neurons (UMNs) in the brain and their networks. Since the lower motor neurons are under the control of UMN and the networks, cortical degeneration may play a vital role in the pathophysiology of ALS. These changes that are not apparent on routine imaging with CT scans or MRI brain can be identified using modalities such as diffusion tensor imaging, functional MRI, arterial spin labelling (ASL), electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetoencephalogram (MEG), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and positron emission tomography (PET) scan. They can help us generate a representation of brain networks and connectivity that can be visualized and parsed out to characterize and quantify the underlying pathophysiology in ALS. In addition, network analysis using graph measures provides a novel way of understanding the complex network changes occurring in the brain. These have the potential to become biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of ALS. This article is a systematic review and overview of the various connectivity and network-based studies in ALS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2022 ","pages":"1838682"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8844436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39809854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Determinants of Cerebral Palsy in Pediatric Patients in Northern Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Study. 埃塞俄比亚北部儿童脑瘫的决定因素:一项基于医院的研究
IF 1.5
Neurology Research International Pub Date : 2021-12-20 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9993912
Peter E Ekanem, Anne C K Nyaga, Niguse Tsegay, Haftamu Ebuy, Elizabeth A Imbusi, Regina Ekanem, Nissi Peter
{"title":"Determinants of Cerebral Palsy in Pediatric Patients in Northern Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Study.","authors":"Peter E Ekanem,&nbsp;Anne C K Nyaga,&nbsp;Niguse Tsegay,&nbsp;Haftamu Ebuy,&nbsp;Elizabeth A Imbusi,&nbsp;Regina Ekanem,&nbsp;Nissi Peter","doi":"10.1155/2021/9993912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9993912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cerebral palsy is the most common neurologic disorder of childhood with lifelong implications in majority of patients. Knowledge of the determinants of cerebral palsy is important for accurate mobilization of resources in obstetric, perinatal, and infant care besides implementation of prevention systems. In Ethiopia, however, this knowledge gap exists as there are no published studies on determinants of cerebral palsy in the country.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the determinants of cerebral palsy in pediatric patients attending Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital between April 2019 and August 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An unmatched case-control study was conducted among 50 pediatric cerebral palsy patients and 100 controls, pediatric patients without cerebral palsy or other motor or central nervous system illnesses, attending Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle, Ethiopia. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 27.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant factors were operative vaginal delivery (AOR: 9.49, 95% CI: 1.31-68.88), central nervous system infections (AOR: 0.02, 95% CI: 0-0.58), neonatal admissions (AOR: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.03-0.61), and unknown maternal education status (AOR: 18.64, 95% CI: 2.15-161.73).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Operative vaginal delivery, central nervous system infections in infancy, neonatal hospital admissions, and unknown maternal education status were found to be significant determinants for cerebral palsy. This knowledge aids focused hospital and regional health bureau development and implementation of prevention strategies for cerebral palsy, besides improvement of obstetric and neonatal healthcare services, and provides baseline data to the scientific community for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2021 ","pages":"9993912"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8712143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39633219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Limb Muscle Reinnervation with the Nerve-Muscle-Endplate Grafting Technique: An Anatomical Feasibility Study. 采用神经-肌肉-终板移植技术进行肢体肌肉神经移植的解剖学可行性研究。
IF 1.5
Neurology Research International Pub Date : 2021-12-08 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6009342
Liancai Mu, Jingming Chen, Jing Li, Stanislaw Sobotka, Themba Nyirenda
{"title":"Limb Muscle Reinnervation with the Nerve-Muscle-Endplate Grafting Technique: An Anatomical Feasibility Study.","authors":"Liancai Mu,&nbsp;Jingming Chen,&nbsp;Jing Li,&nbsp;Stanislaw Sobotka,&nbsp;Themba Nyirenda","doi":"10.1155/2021/6009342","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/6009342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peroneal nerve injuries results in tibialis anterior (TA) muscle paralysis. TA paralysis could cause \"foot drop,\" a disabling condition that can make walking difficult. As current treatment methods result in poor functional recovery, novel treatment approaches need to be studied. The aim of this study was to explore anatomical feasibility of limb reinnervation with our recently developed nerve-muscle-endplate grafting (NMEG) in the native motor zone (NMZ).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As the NMEG-NMZ technique involves in nerves and motor endplates (MEPs), the nerve supply patterns and locations of the MEP bands within the gastrocnemius (GM) and TA muscles of rats were investigated using Sihler's stain and whole-mount acetylcholinesterase (AChE) staining, respectively. Five adult rats underwent TA nerve transaction. The denervated TA was reinnervated by transferring an NMEG pedicle from the ipsilateral lateral GM. At the end of a 3-month recovery period, maximal muscle force was measured to document functional recovery.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the TA was innervated by the deep peroneal nerve. A single MEP band was located obliquely in the middle of the TA. The GM was composed of two neuromuscular compartments, lateral (GM-l) and medial (GM-m), each of which was innervated by a separate nerve branch derived from the tibial nerve and had a vertically positioned MEP band. The locations of MEP bands in the GM and TA muscles and nerve supply patterns demonstrated that an NMEG pedicle can be harvested from the GM-l and implanted into the NMZ within the TA muscle. The NMEG-NMZ pilot study showed that this technique resulted in optimal muscle force recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NMEG-NMZ surgery is feasible for limb reinnervation. Specifically, the denervated TA caused by peroneal nerve injuries can be reinnervated with a NMEG from the GM-l.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2021 ","pages":"6009342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8674082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39739989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
The SP/NK1R System-Mediated ROS Generation in GBM Cells through Inhibiting Glutaredoxin Protein. SP/NK1R系统通过抑制Glutaredoxin蛋白介导的GBM细胞ROS生成。
IF 1.5
Neurology Research International Pub Date : 2021-12-07 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9966000
Negeen Mehrabani, Mohammad Reza Vaezi Kakhki, Hossein Javid, Safieh Ebrahimi, Seyed Isaac Hashemy
{"title":"The SP/NK1R System-Mediated ROS Generation in GBM Cells through Inhibiting Glutaredoxin Protein.","authors":"Negeen Mehrabani,&nbsp;Mohammad Reza Vaezi Kakhki,&nbsp;Hossein Javid,&nbsp;Safieh Ebrahimi,&nbsp;Seyed Isaac Hashemy","doi":"10.1155/2021/9966000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9966000","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Altered redox balance is among the main contributing factors developing glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly aggressive grade IV brain tumor. Neuropeptide substance P (SP) plays a key role in modifying the cellular redox environment by activating the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK1R). In this study, we aimed to investigate the redox-modulating properties of both SP and a commercially available NK1R antagonist, aprepitant in GBM cells. To detect the effect of aprepitant on the viability of U87 glioblastoma cells, resazurin assay was applied. The level of intracellular ROS was assessed using 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) assay. The expression of glutaredoxin, a well-known redox-active protein, was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Concurrently, the activity of glutaredoxin was also analyzed by a commercial kit (ZellBio GmbH). We found that SP increased the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in U87 GBM cells, and aprepitant remarkably decreased this effect. We also explored the effects of SP/NK1R signaling on the glutaredoxin system as a major cellular redox buffer in GBM cells. SP reduced both expression and enzymatic activity of glutaredoxin, and these effects were significantly decreased by aprepitant. In conclusion, our results suggest a possible involvement of SP/NK1R signaling in GBM pathogenesis through oxidative stress and offering new insight for the application of aprepitant as a redox-modulating strategy in GBM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2021 ","pages":"9966000"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8670971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39845685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Investigation of the Possible Correlation between Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease and Diabetes Mellitus in Egyptian Patients: A Pilot Study. 埃及患者中特发性帕金森病与糖尿病之间可能存在的相关性调查:一项试点研究。
IF 1.5
Neurology Research International Pub Date : 2021-11-12 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2838669
Afnan AwadAllah Elgnainy, Mohammad Ismail Hamed, Wael Osman Mohamed, Nagwa Ali Sabri
{"title":"Investigation of the Possible Correlation between Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease and Diabetes Mellitus in Egyptian Patients: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Afnan AwadAllah Elgnainy, Mohammad Ismail Hamed, Wael Osman Mohamed, Nagwa Ali Sabri","doi":"10.1155/2021/2838669","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/2838669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To study the diabetes-Parkinson's disease (PD) linkage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The investigators recorded the rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder screening questionnaire (RBDSQ) score for 60 diabetic patients: 30 patients were treated with metformin-inclusive sulfonylurea and 30 patients were treated with sulphonylurea(s) monotherapy and matched with 30 controls. We evaluated blood glucose kinetics during a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test for (22) nondiabetic parkinsonian patients and (10) controls. The motor complications scores were recorded for all parkinsonian patients using the relevant parts of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part IV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Diabetics recorded higher scores of RBDSQ than controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with no differences related to antidiabetic therapy. In nondiabetic PD patients, after oral glucose, blood glucose was significantly higher at T1 (<i>p</i> < 0.001) than controls. Moreover, the total area under the time curve for blood glucose levels was significantly higher in PD compared to controls (281.22 ± 52.25 vs. 245.65 ± 48.63 mg.hr./dL; <i>p</i>=0.013). Higher blood glucose levels were associated with motor abnormalities. Diabetic PD patients recorded higher scores of UPDRS (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diabetes mellitus and Parkinson's disease are linked, which raises concerns about either of them, probably increasing the risk of the other. This trial is registered with NCT03685357.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2021 ","pages":"2838669"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8604607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39643941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Myelin Basic Protein and Cardiac Sympathetic Neurodegeneration in Nonhuman Primates. 髓鞘碱性蛋白与非人灵长类动物的心脏交感神经变性
IF 1.5
Neurology Research International Pub Date : 2021-10-04 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4776610
Jeanette M Metzger, Helen N Matsoff, Don Vu, Alexandra D Zinnen, Kathryn M Jones, Viktoriya Bondarenko, Heather A Simmons, Colleen F Moore, Marina E Emborg
{"title":"Myelin Basic Protein and Cardiac Sympathetic Neurodegeneration in Nonhuman Primates.","authors":"Jeanette M Metzger, Helen N Matsoff, Don Vu, Alexandra D Zinnen, Kathryn M Jones, Viktoriya Bondarenko, Heather A Simmons, Colleen F Moore, Marina E Emborg","doi":"10.1155/2021/4776610","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2021/4776610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Minimal myelination is proposed to be a contributing factor to the preferential nigral neuronal loss in Parkinson's disease (PD). Similar to nigral dopaminergic neurons, sympathetic neurons innervating the heart have long, thin axons which are unmyelinated or minimally myelinated. Interestingly, cardiac sympathetic loss in PD is heterogeneous across the heart, yet the spatial relationship between myelination and neurodegeneration is unknown. Here, we report the mapping of myelin basic protein (MBP) expression across the left ventricle of normal rhesus macaques (<i>n</i> = 5) and animals intoxicated with systemic 6-OHDA (50 mg/kg iv) to model parkinsonian cardiac neurodegeneration (<i>n</i> = 10). A subset of 6-OHDA-treated rhesus received daily dosing of pioglitazone (5 mg/kg po; <i>n</i> = 5), a PPAR<i>γ</i> agonist with neuroprotective properties. In normal animals, MBP-immunoreactivity (-ir) was identified surrounding approximately 14% of axonal fibers within nerve bundles of the left ventricle, with more myelinated nerve fibers at the base level of the left ventricle than the apex (<i>p</i> < 0.014). Greater MBP-ir at the base was related to a greater number of nerve bundles at that level relative to the apex (<i>p</i> < 0.05), as the percent of myelinated nerve fibers in bundles was not significantly different between levels of the heart. Cardiac sympathetic loss following 6-OHDA was associated with decreased MBP-ir in cardiac nerve bundles, with the percent decrease of MBP-ir greater in the apex (84.5%) than the base (52.0%). Interestingly, cardiac regions and levels with more MBP-ir in normal animals showed attenuated sympathetic loss relative to areas with less MBP-ir in 6-OHDA + placebo (<i>r</i> = -0.7, <i>p</i> < 0.014), but not in 6-OHDA + pioglitazone (<i>r</i> = -0.1) subjects. Our results demonstrate that myelination is present around a minority of left ventricle nerve bundle fibers, is heterogeneously distributed in the heart of rhesus macaques, and has a complex relationship with cardiac sympathetic neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2021 ","pages":"4776610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8505074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39515697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Role of ACE2 Receptors of the Olfactory System in Anosmia in COVID-19: An Overview. 嗅觉系统ACE2受体在COVID-19嗅觉缺失中的作用综述
IF 1.5
Neurology Research International Pub Date : 2021-08-31 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5776801
Mohammad Javad Nasr, Ali Alizadeh Khatir, Arefeh Babazadeh, Soheil Ebrahimpour
{"title":"The Role of ACE2 Receptors of the Olfactory System in Anosmia in COVID-19: An Overview.","authors":"Mohammad Javad Nasr,&nbsp;Ali Alizadeh Khatir,&nbsp;Arefeh Babazadeh,&nbsp;Soheil Ebrahimpour","doi":"10.1155/2021/5776801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/5776801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The latest data show that more than 211.7 million people were infected and more than 4.4 million deaths have been reported. The illness presents a wide range of symptoms, ranging from mild to severe. Mild symptoms include cough, fever, dyspnea, fatigue, myalgia and arthralgia, anosmia, and dysgeusia. Furthermore, this virus can affect the central nervous system (CNS) and present a range of mild to severe nervous symptoms, from headache and dysphoria to loss of consciousness, coma, paralysis, and acute cerebrovascular disease. The virus can enter nonneuronal cells of the olfactory epithelium and cause a complete loss of smell. Anosmia and hyposmia are commonly reported in clinics, and being asymptomatic or showing mild symptoms can be primary symptoms in early infected persons. Dysgeusia/hypogeusia is another symptom presented with anosmia/hyposmia. In this article, we reviewed the articles of anosmia and suggested a possible mechanism for this.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2021 ","pages":"5776801"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8580692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39712705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Deficits in Working Memory and Theory of Mind May Underlie Difficulties in Social Perception of Children with ADHD. 工作记忆和心理理论的缺陷可能是ADHD儿童社会感知困难的基础。
IF 1.5
Neurology Research International Pub Date : 2021-08-28 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3793750
Samane Imanipour, Mahmood Sheikh, Monir Shayestefar, Tourandokht Baloochnejad
{"title":"Deficits in Working Memory and Theory of Mind May Underlie Difficulties in Social Perception of Children with ADHD.","authors":"Samane Imanipour,&nbsp;Mahmood Sheikh,&nbsp;Monir Shayestefar,&nbsp;Tourandokht Baloochnejad","doi":"10.1155/2021/3793750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/3793750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are prone to peer rejection and disliking due to difficulties in social perception and interaction. To address social perception impairments in ADHD, we examined children with ADHD in a noisy biological motion (BM) direction discrimination paradigm in association with sociocognitive factors including emotion regulation, theory of mind (TOM), and working memory compared to healthy controls. Our results showed that children with ADHD were poorer in discriminating BM direction in noisy environments (<i>F</i> (1, 36) = 4.655, <i>p</i>=0.038). Moreover, a significant correlation was found between working memory and TOM with BM discrimination in an ADHD group (<i>r</i> = 0.442, <i>p</i>=0.01, and <i>r</i> = 0.403, <i>p</i>=0.05, respectively). Our findings could suggest that social perception in noisy scenarios may be affected by memory and social cognitive abilities of children with ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2021 ","pages":"3793750"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8421162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39414758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Factors Affecting Vagus Nerve Stimulation Outcomes in Epilepsy. 影响癫痫患者迷走神经刺激结果的因素。
IF 1.5
Neurology Research International Pub Date : 2021-08-03 eCollection Date: 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9927311
Mehdi Abbasi, Atie Moghtadaie, Seyed Amir Miratashi Yazdi
{"title":"Factors Affecting Vagus Nerve Stimulation Outcomes in Epilepsy.","authors":"Mehdi Abbasi,&nbsp;Atie Moghtadaie,&nbsp;Seyed Amir Miratashi Yazdi","doi":"10.1155/2021/9927311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9927311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Epilepsy as a common neurological disease is mostly managed effectively with antiepileptic medications. One-third of patients do not respond to medical treatments requiring alternative therapies. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been used in the last decades for the treatment of medically resistant epilepsy. Despite the extensive use of VNS in these patients, factors associated with clinical outcomes of VNS remain to be elucidated. In this study, we evaluated factors affecting VNS outcomes in epileptic patients to have a better understanding of patients who are better candidates for VNS therapy. Several databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched through June 2020 for relevant articles. The following factors were assessed in this review: previous surgical history, age at implantation and gender, types of epilepsy, duration of epilepsy, age at epilepsy onset, frequency of attacks, antiepileptic drugs, VNS parameters, EEG findings, MRI findings, and biomarkers. Literature data show that nonresponder rates range between 25% and 65%. Given the complexity and diversity of factors associated with response to VNS, more clinical studies are needed to establish better paradigm for selection of patients for VNS therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2021 ","pages":"9927311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8357517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39325109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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