Neurology Research International最新文献

{"title":"Factors Predicting the Outcome in Patients With Acute Encephalitis Syndrome: A Retrospective Analysis of Surveillance Data in Bangladesh.","authors":"Dewan Imtiaz Rahman, Faruq Abdulla, Wasik Rahman Aquib, Md Mustafizur Rahman, Muhammad Rashedul Alam, Shadman Sakib Choudhury, Mohammad Rezaul Karim, Arifa Nazneen, Kamal Ibne Amin Chowdhury, Tonmoy Sarkar, Anika Farzin, Fateha Akther Ema, Kajal Chandra Banik, Ayesha Siddika, Mohammad Enayet Hossain, Ahmed Nawsher Alam, Sharmin Sultana, Trevor Shoemaker, Christina Spiropoulou, Mohammed Ziaur Rahman, Sayera Banu, Joel M Montgomery, Tahmina Shirin, Syed Moinuddin Satter","doi":"10.1155/nri/2045508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/nri/2045508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) is a severe inflammatory condition affecting the central nervous system, frequently leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advancements in diagnostic techniques, the etiology of AES remains unidentified in a substantial number of cases, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Bangladesh. Understanding factors that predict outcomes in AES patients is crucial for improving management strategies and patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used data from the Nipah surveillance in Bangladesh, analyzing patients admitted with AES to 11 surveillance hospitals across diverse geographical regions in Bangladesh from January 2021 to December 2023. Trained surveillance team members screened patients and collected data through face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire, and surveillance physicians made decisions on enrollment as an AES case. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify predictors of mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 12,603 AES patients were included, of whom 2,759 (22%) died. Mortality rates varied significantly across different administrative divisions, with the highest rates observed in the Rangpur division. Increased age, female sex, and delayed hospital admission were associated with higher odds of mortality. Patients from divisions like Rangpur and those aged 60 or over had notably higher odds of mortality, with adjusted odds ratios of 2.55 and 4.22, respectively. Clinical factors such as high pulse rate, ronchi, difficulty breathing, altered mental status, stiff neck, paralysis, and unconsciousness at admission were significantly associated with unfavorable outcomes.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings highlight significant geographical, demographic, and clinical predictors of mortality among AES patients in Bangladesh. Older age, delayed hospital admission, and certain reported clinical symptoms on admission increase the risk of death. The study underscores the importance of timely intervention and targeted management strategies, particularly in identified aforementioned high-risk groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Identifying predictors of adverse outcomes in AES patients can aid in developing early warning and triage systems, potentially enabling adequate resource allocation and the delivery of timely, personalized, and higher standard of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2045508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13624547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subregional Functional Connectivity of the Precuneus as a Preclinical Biomarker in Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Claudia Aponte, Antonio Jimenez-Marín, Malen Razkin, John Fredy Ochoa Gómez, Asier Erramuzpe, Ibai Diez, David Aguillón-Niño, Carlos Tobón, Jesús M Cortés","doi":"10.1155/nri/7281786","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/7281786","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The precuneus (Pc) is a central hub integrating diverse brain functions, and it is early involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology, yet its subregional vulnerability remains poorly understood. This study aims to delineate the differential involvement and vulnerability of these subdivisions in the early stages of AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a resting-state FC analysis of Pc subregions in 32 cognitively unimpaired carriers of the PSEN1 E280A mutation compared to 25 noncarriers using seed-based analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As compared to noncarriers, we found that the group of asymptotic carriers had increased connectivity from the 7Am subregion toward the entorhinal cortex, superior temporal gyrus, insula-operculum, dlPFC, and somatosensory areas. Moreover, the POS2 subregion significantly decreased connectivity with the anterior insula and dlPFC. Higher MoCA scores correlated with increased connectivity within and between the Pc and frontoparietal networks.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>These results reveal distinct patterns of early functional reorganization and support the subregional Pc analysis in identifying sensitive biomarkers for preclinical AD, often overlooked in conventional whole-region analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7281786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION: The SP/NK1R System-Mediated ROS Generation in GBM Cells through Inhibiting Glutaredoxin Protein.","authors":"Neurology Research International","doi":"10.1155/nri/9814360","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/9814360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2021/9966000.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9814360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13582288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Reparative Mechanisms Underlying Preclinical Neural Stem/Progenitor Cell Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Joel Karikari Nyarkoh, Ernest Amponsah Asiamah, Samuel Badu Nyarko, Joseph Boachie, Christian Dzuvor, Gabriel Kotam Pezahso, Moses Tetteh Larnyoh, Obed Akorli Mawunyo, Bernard Nyarko","doi":"10.1155/nri/9430707","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/9430707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. Current treatments, such as thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy, restore perfusion but do not promote tissue repair, highlighting the need for regenerative therapies. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) have been extensively explored in preclinical models; however, the mechanisms underlying their therapeutic effects remain incompletely defined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study followed the PRISMA guidelines to address the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the neurorestorative effects of transplanted NSPCs in animal models of ischemic stroke. Preclinical studies published between 2013 and 2023 were identified through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies compared NSPC monotherapy with vehicle-treated controls, and data on transplantation protocols and functional, histological, and biochemical outcomes were extracted for narrative synthesis. Of the 8697 records identified, 25 met the inclusion criteria, with moderate methodological quality (median CAMARADES score: 6/10; range: 3-8).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NSPC transplantation significantly improved motor, sensory, and cognitive function while reducing infarct volume, neuronal apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and blood-brain barrier disruption, alongside increased neurotrophic and angiogenic factors (BDNF, GDNF, VEGF, and Ang-1) and modulation of inflammatory mediators. Functional recovery was more consistently associated with paracrine and immunomodulatory mechanisms than with direct neuronal replacement, which occurred less frequently and was often accompanied by astrocytic or oligodendroglial differentiation; astrocytic responses were conflicting, suggesting context-dependent effects. These preclinical mechanisms have not been consistently replicated in early-phase human trials, pointing to immunogenicity and delivery route as key translational barriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reparative benefits of NSPC therapy in ischemic stroke are largely attributable to paracrine and immunomodulatory mechanisms, with neuronal replacement playing a minor role. Future studies should focus on strategies to potentiate paracrine activity, improve graft survival, and adopt translationally relevant, comorbidity-inclusive models to advance clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9430707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13525629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Recovery Protocol Post-TBI (ERA-TBI): Factors Determining Morbidity and Mortality.","authors":"George-Paul O'Byrne, Shreya Sankar, Suhani Sharma, David Beniameen, Amritha Ramachandran, Shah Al Raziq","doi":"10.1155/nri/8974212","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/8974212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide, with substantial heterogeneity in recovery trajectories despite advances in acute neurocritical care. Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programmes, which integrate evidence-based, multidisciplinary perioperative care bundles, have demonstrated consistent benefits across multiple surgical specialities and emerging promise in neurosurgical populations. However, the application of enhanced recovery principles to the recovery phase following TBI remains fragmented and insufficiently synthesised. This narrative review examines recovery-phase factors influencing morbidity and mortality after TBI within the conceptual framework of Enhanced Recovery After TBI (ERA-TBI). Focussing specifically on postacute recovery, we synthesise evidence across three interrelated domains: rehabilitation strategies, patient demographics and preexisting conditions. Perioperative surgical techniques and acute intensive care management are considered only insofar as they contextualise recovery-phase outcomes. The reviewed literature demonstrates that early, intensive and multidisciplinary rehabilitation, particularly early mobilisation and structured cognitive or neuropsychological interventions, is associated with improved neurological recovery, functional independence, quality of life and reduced hospital length of stay, without evidence of increased mortality. Emerging technologies, including virtual reality and telerehabilitation, show promising cognitive and functional benefits, although evidence remains limited by heterogeneity and small sample sizes. Patient-level factors strongly modify recovery potential: advanced age, frailty and socioeconomic disadvantage consistently predict poorer outcomes, while access to high-intensity inpatient rehabilitation is a key mediator of morbidity. Preexisting metabolic, cardiovascular and neuropsychiatric comorbidities further exacerbate secondary brain injury, prolong hospitalisation and increase postdischarge mortality risk. Overall, ERA-TBI pathways must move beyond uniform care bundles towards stratified, patient-centred recovery models that integrate biological reserve, social context and comorbidity burden. Standardising the recovery phase through an ERA-TBI framework offers a critical opportunity to reduce variability in outcomes, optimise functional recovery and address the growing global burden of TBI-related disability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8974212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13401061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148592823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Foot Reflexology on Restless Legs Syndrome and Sleep Quality in Female Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial.","authors":"Fatemeh Harandi, Batool Tirgari, Yunes Jahani, Haleh Tajadini","doi":"10.1155/nri/5579094","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/5579094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This clinical trial aimed to assess the effectiveness of foot reflexology on restless legs syndrome and sleep quality in patients with multiple sclerosis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty-four female patients with multiple sclerosis were randomly assigned to the intervention or sham group. Foot reflexology was taught to the intervention group; it was performed for 4 weeks, three times a week for 26 min each session, by a trained researcher in the morning shift and on three other days in the afternoon at home by the patients themselves. Moreover, the sham group received nonspecific foot massage without applying pressure to the standard reflexology points under similar conditions and durations as those of the intervention group. Data were collected before, immediately after, and 1 month after intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed a significant improvement in sleep quality (<i>p</i> < 0.001) in the intervention group. No significant change was observed in the sham group (<i>p</i> = 0.30). Restless leg syndrome significantly decreased in the intervention group (<i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas it increased in the sham group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). There was a significant difference in the sleep quality after the intervention between the two groups at both the immediate and 1-month follow-ups (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). There was also a significant difference in the restless leg syndrome after the intervention between the two groups at both the immediate and 1-month follow-ups (<i>p</i> < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nurses should be trained in foot reflexology as a noninvasive approach that can be easily implemented.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5579094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13373438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148471785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Stroke Prevention and Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients Attending at Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia.","authors":"Wuhabie Tsega, Abebe Dilie Afenigus, Setarg Ayenew Birhanie, Menberu Gete","doi":"10.1155/nri/7379330","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/7379330","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension causes narrowing, rupture, or leakage of blood vessels. This condition causes stroke by interrupting the blood flow to the brain. The prevalence, incidence, and disability of stroke have surged due to poor knowledge, poor practices, and unfavorable attitudes toward stroke prevention. Awareness of the problem, good prevention practices, and favorable attitudes toward prevention mechanisms are the milestones to prevent stroke among hypertensive patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to stroke prevention and associated factors among hypertensive patients attending at Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, in 2022.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was conducted at Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, chronic illness follow-up clinics from June 01 to July 11, 2022. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 423 study participants. The data were collected using pretested and structured questionnaires through face-to-face exit interviews and chart reviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings of this study showed that 48.9% (95% CI: 44.0-53.8), 45.3% (95% CI: 40.4-50.2), and 44.1% (95% CI: 39.3-49.0) of the participants had good knowledge, favorable attitudes, and good practices, respectively. The factors associated with good stroke prevention knowledge included urban residence (AOR = 1.96 (1.22-3.15)), primary education (AOR = 3.67 (1.56-8.61)) or secondary education and above (AOR = 2.42 (1.47-3.99)), having a monthly income ≥ 5000 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 2.59 (1.38-4.87)), prior information about stroke (AOR = 2.29 (1.33-3.96)), and strong social support (AOR = 3.09 (1.73-5.54)). Similarly, having a monthly income ≥ 5000 Ethiopian birr (AOR = 2.05 (1.26-3.35)), moderate (AOR = 1.76 (1.03-3.03)) and strong social support (AOR = 2.27 (1.3-3.96)), and diabetes mellitus comorbidity (AOR = 5.8 (3.62-9.31)) were significantly associated with good stroke prevention practices. On the other hand, the duration of treatment (AOR = 1.68 (1.08-2.59)) was a statistically and positively associated factor with favorable attitudes toward stroke prevention.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nearly half of the respondents had good knowledge of stroke prevention, and four out of nine participants had favorable attitudes toward stroke prevention and good prevention practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7379330"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13359113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Sleep-Related Disorders on the Sleep Quality in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis in a Saudi Cohort.","authors":"Ismail A Khatri, Khalid Bin Aziz, Esraa Y Arabi, Ghaida A Almusallam, Razan F Alfaiz, Abeer A Alkhathlan, Nazish Masud, Yaser Al Malik","doi":"10.1155/nri/4041733","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/4041733","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes physical as well as psychosocial disability in young adults. Various sleep-related disorders have been reported in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We determined the frequency and patterns of various sleep-related disorders in pwMS and correlated those with the sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an IRB-approved study done at King Abdulaziz Medical City, MNGHA, Riyadh, KSA. Informed consent was obtained. Validated questionnaires including Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Sleep Disorders Questionnaire (SDQ), and STOP-BANG Questionnaire were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 169 pwMS were included; 116 (69%) were females. Mean age was 35 ± 10 years; mean BMI was 27.6 ± 16.8 kg/m². Almost half (47%) of the patients were employed, and most worked in day shift (85%). Caffeinated beverages were used by 87%; 16% were smokers. Relapsing remitting MS was the commonest type in 93%; 82% were using disease-modifying therapy (DMT). Sleep-related medications were used by 18%. Disability measured by EDSS was mild in 64%, moderate in 18%, and severe in 18%. Poor quality of sleep was reported by 74% (mean PSQI 7.8 ± 3.9). Circadian rhythm disorders were reported in 22%, psychiatric disorders in 18%, and parasomnias in 14%; 4% had high risk for sleep apnea. Psychiatric disorders (<i>p</i> = 0.05) and movement disorders (<i>p</i> = 0.05) were more frequently reported in women. Risk for insomnia (<i>p</i> = 0.03), circadian rhythm disorders (<i>p</i> = 0.013), and psychiatric disorders (<i>p</i> = 0.002) were associated with poor sleep quality. Type of MS and current treatment did not affect the frequency of sleep disorders or sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In our cohort of pwMS, sleep-related disorders were common. Risk for insomnia, psychiatric disorders, and circadian rhythm disorders were associated with poor sleep quality. Certain disorders showed a trend toward female preponderance. Disease severity and use of DMTs did not affect sleep quality in our cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4041733"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13346582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148422973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Value of the Lowest Serum Albumin Level During Hospitalization in Patients With Intracerebral Hemorrhage.","authors":"Biao Zhao, Hua-Zhen Zhang, Tao Liu, Dan Liu, Da-Wei Wang","doi":"10.1155/nri/7248981","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/7248981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>This study aimed to explore the potential association between the lowest serum albumin concentration during hospitalization and the prognosis of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in order to provide a scientific basis for selecting and optimizing clinical treatment options.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 268 patients with ICH were retrospectively analyzed. The study outcome was 90-day mRS (mRS > 2). Univariate and multivariate analyses and ROC curve analyses were used to identify the correlation between the lowest serum albumin concentration and the prognosis of patients with ICH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) The lowest serum albumin concentration, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), and hematoma volume were independent predictors of outcome in patients with ICH (<i>p</i> < 0.05). (2) A good outcome in patients with ICH was predicted when the lowest serum albumin levels were > 31.8 g/L (AUC = 0.849, 95% CI: 0.801-0.890, <i>p</i> < 0.001), the GCS was > 11 (AUC = 0.878, 95% CI: 0.833-0.915, <i>p</i> < 0.001), and the hematoma volume was ≤ 23.6 mL (AUC = 0.863, 95% CI: 0.815 to 0.902, <i>p</i> < 0.001). (3) The lowest serum albumin concentration was statistically different between GCS (3-8, 9-12, 13-15: 29.30 [3.90], 33.80 [6.85], 36.70 [5.55]) (<i>χ</i> ² = 69.696, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and had a positive correlation with GCS (<i>r</i> _<i>s</i>  = 0.569).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lowest serum albumin concentration during hospitalization was an independent predictor of poor outcome in ICH, and when serum albumin was greater than 31.8 g/L, it predicted a good outcome. In addition, the degree of consciousness disturbance may have some influence on the serum albumin level, and the specific mechanism needs further study.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7248981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13307188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148346004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Impairment and Quality of Life in AQP4-IgG Seropositive Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Study in Iranian Patients.","authors":"Saeed Ramazanzadeh, Fereshteh Ashtari","doi":"10.1155/nri/5624714","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/5624714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive impairment (CI) has been reported with wide variability in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), but its impact on patients' quality of life (QoL) is not well understood. The aim of this study was to describe the cognitive characteristics and various aspects of QoL of NMOSD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 49 NMOSD patients (30 seropositive for AQP4-IgG) and 43 healthy controls (HCs). A set of questionnaires, including information of demographic and clinical characteristics, Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 (MSQOL-54), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), was completed. Cognitive assessment was performed using the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function in Multiple Sclerosis (MACFIMS) by a trained individual.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on CI criteria, 24 patients (48.98%) were classified as cognitively impaired, of whom 20 (83.33%) were AQP4-IgG seropositive. There was a strong positive correlation between CI and AQP4-IgG seropositivity (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Seropositive patients performed worse on the PASAT (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and D-KEFS (<i>p</i> < 0.001) tests of MACFIMS. None of the MSQOL-54 subscale scores were significantly affected by AQP4-IgG seropositivity, and there was no significant relationship between the physical or mental health composite score of the MSQOL-54 and CI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that cognitive impairment is a relevant yet underrecognized feature of NMOSD, particularly among AQP4-IgG seropositive patients. The lack of association between CI and QoL highlights the need for more sensitive, disease-specific assessment tools. Further longitudinal and multicenter research is warranted to clarify the mechanisms and clinical impact of these impairments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5624714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13157299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147869008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}