Neurology Research International最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic Test Accuracy of Artificial Intelligence in Large Vessel Occlusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Lydia Susanti, Kevin N Cuandra, Christopher Daniel Tristan, Muhammad Zaed Fatahillah, Alifya Rayyani Shofiy, Noel Matthew Imaniku Sihombing, Sandra Rosa Uli Siahaan, Livilia Abigail Onggowasito, I Komang Tri Yasa Widnyana, Sayidah Alfiah Ziaur Rahmah, Amanda Yulita Amalia, Zahra Roidah Amalia Hasna, Zaki Sidqi Aaliyya, Andi Sitti Nur Fatimah Madaeng, Muhammad Naufal Hibatullah, Nathania Augustine Kristaningtyas","doi":"10.1155/nri/5709868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/nri/5709868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large vessel occlusion (LVO) requires prompt detection, and CT angiography (CTA) is frequently used due to its short acquisition time and visibility of vessels. Artificial intelligence (AI), including Viz-LVO, CINA-LVO, RAPID-CTA and JLK, may be available as emerging tools for supporting timely and accurate diagnoses. This study aimed to examine and summarise the evidence of AI diagnostic performance in detecting LVO. Scopus, PubMed and ScienceDirect were utilised to search relevant articles before February 2, 2025. Studies were included in the primary outcomes analysis if they reported an overall confusion diagnostic matrix and were included in the secondary outcomes if they reported AI's diagnostic performance by occlusion site. Of the 878 records, 11 articles were included, and 10.937 patients were identified. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.87 (95% CI: 0.76-0.93) and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.91-0.97). The positive likelihood ratio (PLR) showed statistical significance (9.55 (95% CI: 5.79-13.30; <i>p</i> < 0.001; <i>I</i> ²: 99.9%)), whereas the negative likelihood ratio (NLR) was not significant with a pooled value of 0.14 (95% CI: 0.03-0.25; <i>p</i> < 0.624; <i>I</i> ²: 0%). The pooled AUC and DOR were substantial, with a pooled value of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.83-0.92; <i>p</i> < 0.001; <i>I</i> ²: 98.4%) and 4.69 (95% CI: 4.19-5.19; 0.001; <i>I</i> ²: 98.5%), respectively. Three covariates were identified (type of AI, AI software and region). However, significant heterogeneity remains in pooled PLR, AUC and DOR. The anterior circulation occlusion performed was generally acceptable, demonstrating good performance for M1 and ICA-type <i>T</i> occlusion and moderate performance for M2 occlusion. However, poor performance was observed in ICA Type I and posterior circulation occlusion. In conclusion, AI has demonstrated excellent performance in sensitivity, specificity, PLR, AUC and DOR while showing limitations in NLR, suggesting that negative cases detected by AI require careful reevaluation through imaging review and assessment of patients' clinical profiles to ensure better diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5709868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13100493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Outcomes and Efficacy of Programmable Versus Nonprogrammable Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts in the Management of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Sultan Jarrar, Mohammed M Al Barbarawi, Amer Jaradat, Suleiman S Daoud, Atef F Hulliel, Teeba Mubaydeen, Sa'ed Hasan, Hamzeh Moh'd Marzouq Bakhiet, Abdulhakim Aldaoud, Adam Abdallah","doi":"10.1155/nri/8882884","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/8882884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a neurological disorder in older adults, characterized by gait disturbance, urinary incontinence, and cognitive impairment, along with ventriculomegaly and normal intracranial pressure. The management of NPH often involves ventriculoperitoneal shunting (VPS), which can be programmable (P-VPS) or nonprogrammable (NP-VPS). While P-VPS offers the advantage of adjustable pressure settings, its impact on clinical outcomes and complications remains debated, particularly in resource-limited settings like Jordan.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A retrospective review was conducted of 38 adult patients diagnosed with idiopathic NPH who underwent VPS placement between 2018 and 2024. Patients were classified into two groups: P-VPS and NP-VPS. Clinical outcomes, including symptom improvement, complication rates, hospital stay duration, and shunt revisions, were analyzed. Statistical comparisons were made using SPSS, with <i>p</i> values < 0.05 considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found no significant differences between the two groups in symptom improvement. However, the NP-VPS group had a significantly shorter hospital stay (5.7 ± 3.2 days vs. 14.1 ± 11.9 days, <i>p</i> = 0.007). Complication rates, including infection and shunt revision, were higher in the P-VPS group (20.0% vs. 7.7% for infection; 32.0% vs. 15.4% for revision), though differences were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both P-VPS and NP-VPS resulted in similar symptom improvements, with NP-VPS showing a trend toward shorter hospital stays and comparable complication rates. Further multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate these findings and refine management strategies for NPH.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8882884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12951206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147348705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis House Call Program: A Single-Center Experience in the United States.","authors":"Erica Scirocco, Jennifer Scalia, Benedetta Ugolini, Gabriella Casagrande, Doreen Ho, Jennifer L Hagar, Kristen Kingsley, Ron Hoffman, Christopher Cooley, Merit E Cudkowicz, Sabrina Paganoni, James D Berry","doi":"10.1155/nri/6629960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/nri/6629960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accessing multidisciplinary care poses challenges for people living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) due to mobility issues. As ALS care rarely requires hospital-based technology, most care is available through home visits. The Daniella Lipper ALS House Call Program (HCP) at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), launched in 2017 in collaboration with Compassionate Care ALS, has pioneered home-based ALS care in Eastern Massachusetts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review of ALS and primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) patients enrolled in the HCP at MGH was conducted. Data on demographics, visit details, and procedures performed during home visits were collected from electronic health records for patients seen from January 2024 to December 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2024, the ALS HCP conducted 959 visits for 142 patients (average age: 68 years, range: 36-93; 47.9% female). Of these patients, 137 (96.5%) were diagnosed with ALS and 5 (3.5%) with PLS. Notably, 61 patients (43%) received care exclusively at home. Key interventions included 44 gastrostomy tube exchanges and 59 respiratory assessments, both of which significantly reduced hospital visits. The average distance traveled by the care team was 30.32 miles per visit.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Daniella Lipper ALS HCP at MGH brings ALS expertise into the patient's home, minimizing travel burdens and ensuring continuity of care. The program illustrates the feasibility and impact of home-based ALS care, suggesting potential for broader implementation across the nation. Development will focus on expanding services, such as tracheostomy changes in the homes, and on creating sustainable models for similar initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6629960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12947664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147326711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION: Hypobaric Hypoxia Imbalances Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rat Brain Hippocampus.","authors":"Neurology Research International","doi":"10.1155/nri/9860283","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/9860283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1155/2015/742059.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9860283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12905626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146202118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Profile and Vascular Risk Factors of Stroke Patients in a Moroccan Provincial Hospital: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Nadia Mountaj, Anas El Anssari, Mohamed El Assal, Meriem Ouadrhiri, Asmaa Chaib, Yassine Chaib, Mustapha Boucetta","doi":"10.1155/nri/5135244","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/5135244","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and its burden is particularly high in low- and middle-income countries. In Morocco, epidemiological data on stroke subtypes, risk factors, symptoms and early outcomes remain limited. The objective of this study was to better understand stroke profiles in Morocco and identify the predictors of haemorrhagic stroke and poor in-hospital prognosis. A retrospective observational study was conducted including 360 patients admitted to Hospital Mohamed V, Meknes, Morocco. Sociodemographic information, vascular risk factor, clinical presentation, stroke subtype and in-hospital outcomes were collected. Comparisons were made among patients with ischaemic stroke, haemorrhagic stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the independent predictor of haemorrhagic stroke and separately predictors of poor prognosis among ischaemic stroke patients. Ischaemic stroke was the most prevalent subtype (94.2%), followed by haemorrhagic stroke (4.7%) and TIA (1.1%). The mean age was 67.6 ± 13.0 years. The most common vascular risk factors were hypertension (68.6%), diabetes (35.8%) and cardiopathy (51.4%). Diabetes was more frequent among ischaemic stroke patients, while hypertension characterized all haemorrhagic stroke cases. Male sex independently predicted haemorrhagic stroke (OR = 3.27; 95% CI: 1.11-9.65; <i>p</i> = 0.032). However, diabetes showed a strong inverse association (OR = 0.082; 95% CI: 0.011-0.636; <i>p</i> = 0.017). Overall, in-hospital prognosis for ischaemic stroke was favourable in 86.7% of cases, and sequalae occurred in 6.2% and mortality in 7.1%. Disturbance of consciousness showed a borderline association with poor prognosis (OR = 2.41; 95% CI: 0.93-6.23; <i>p</i> = 0.070). However, age, sex, hypertension, diabetes and cardiopathy were not independent predictors. The findings indicate that most strokes in Morocco are ischaemic and primarily linked to vascular risk factors, particularly hypertension and diabetes. Male sex increases the likelihood of haemorrhagic stroke, while diabetes shifts risk toward ischaemic stroke. Early neurological severity-especially altered consciousness-is the strongest prognostic indicator.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5135244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12877957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146142980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing Normative Reference Values for Nerve Conduction Studies Using Electrophysiological Parameters in the Bangladeshi Population.","authors":"S K Mahbub Alam, Sahariar Hossain Siddik, M Ferdousi, F Deeba","doi":"10.1155/nri/2824530","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/2824530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to establish normative reference values for nerve conduction studies specific to the Bangladeshi population. Data were collected from 258 healthy subjects, grouped by age and sex. Both motor and sensory nerves of the upper and lower limbs were assessed. Using the ordinary least square (OLS) regression method, it is seen that for the left median motor nerve, the mean distal latency is 3.01 ± 0.34 ms, amplitude 18.05 ± 4.73 μV, and conduction velocity 59.67 ± 6.64 m/s. For the left median sensory nerve, the latency is 2.30 ± 0.25 ms, the amplitude is 60.82 ± 23.95 μV, and the velocity is 55.87 ± 4.48 m/s. The findings of this study were compared with previously published international data, revealing significant differences. These results provide neurophysicians with population-specific reference values, enhancing diagnostic accuracy, enabling earlier detection of nerve conduction abnormalities, and guiding more targeted and effective treatment strategies for nerve disorders in Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2824530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12860217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146106347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application Value of Nursing Interventions Based on the Chronic Illness Trajectory Framework in Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.","authors":"Jiao Zhen, Qia Liu, Xiaolu Xue, Fengjiao Hao, Shufang Zhang, Na Liu, Zixuan Li, Jing Chen, Junxiang Cheng","doi":"10.1155/nri/1280057","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/1280057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This prospective study evaluated the impact of nursing interventions based on the Chronic Illness Trajectory Framework (CITF) on anxiety, depression, mental toughness, sleep quality, and ALSFRS-R scores in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients to enhance care strategies. Eighty ALS patients were enrolled from the Department of Neurology at the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between February 2023 and March 2024. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (CITF-based nursing interventions) or a control group (standard care). Over an 8-week period, the intervention group demonstrated significantly lower anxiety and depression scores, higher mental toughness, and improved sleep quality compared to the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, the intervention group achieved higher ALSFRS-R scores (31.63 ± 3.54 vs. 29.58 ± 3.38) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). These findings indicate that CITF-based nursing interventions effectively reduce negative emotional states, enhance mental resilience, improve sleep quality, and boost overall quality of life in ALS patients. Based on this study, nurses can integrate CITF-based interventions into standard ALS care to enhance patients' emotional well-being and functional outcomes. <b>Trial Registration:</b> Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2500108691.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1280057"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12856510/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146106403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Effects of Levodopa, Benserazide, and Nortriptyline on Behavioral Impairments and Brain Pathology in an Experimental Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Maryam Ezzedin, Sam Zarbakhsh, Houman Parsaei, Ali Ghanbari, Abbas Ali Vafaei, Zohre Mohsenvand, Seyed Ali Seyedinia, Parnia Tarahomi, Manouchehr Safari","doi":"10.1155/nri/9986180","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/9986180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). In addition to postural instability, rigidity, tremor, and bradykinesia, patients will experience depression and/or anxiety at any time during PD. Nortriptyline, as a dual reuptake inhibitor of norepinephrine and serotonin, inhibits alpha-synuclein aggregation and may play an important role in improving the pathological effects of PD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigated the effects of nortriptyline combined with L-DOPA and benserazide on behavioral, histological, and biochemical changes in a rat model of PD. Methods. Forty-nine rats were randomly assigned to seven groups. Except for the control and sham groups, five other groups underwent stereotactic surgery for the 6-OHDA lesion. We performed a tail suspension swing test and an apomorphine-induced rotation test after 1 week to confirm the PD model. After gradual treatment with three doses (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) of nortriptyline combined with L-DOPA and benserazide, the elevated plus-maze test and open field test were performed to determine motor activities, anxiety, and depression. Tissue alterations were evaluated through Nissl staining, tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry, and Golgi-Cox staining, whereas oxidative stress levels were determined by analyzing malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results demonstrate that 10 mg/kg of nortriptyline in combination with L-DOPA and benserazide significantly improved motor activity and reduced the anxiety- and depression-like behaviors of PD. Histological findings also suggested a protective effect of nortriptyline on dopaminergic neurons in the SNpc. Furthermore, the findings from the antioxidant evaluation and the structure of CA1 hippocampal neurons indicated that a dosage of 10 mg/kg of nortriptyline might provide the greatest supportive benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nortriptyline at 10 mg/kg offers a promising adjunctive therapy for alleviating both motor and nonmotor symptoms of PD. However, higher doses may induce anxiogenic effects, suggesting the need for careful dose optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9986180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12852062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146106376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preterm Birth as a Risk Factor for Cerebral Palsy in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Kaleab Tesfaye Tegegne, Tadele Kassahun Wudu, Moges Tadesse Abebe, Eleni Tesfaye Tegegne, Mekibib Kassa Tessema","doi":"10.1155/nri/3922172","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/3922172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disability in childhood, often resulting from early brain injury. Preterm birth (< 37 weeks gestation) is a critical risk factor for CP due to the vulnerability of the immature brain. Despite advances in neonatal care, the risk of CP remains elevated among preterm infants, especially those born very preterm. Existing meta-analyses are limited by outdated data or methodological gaps.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide an updated, comprehensive synthesis of the association between preterm birth and CP risk in children, utilizing recent high-quality observational studies worldwide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar from inception to May 1, 2024, for observational studies reporting odds ratios (ORs) relating preterm birth and CP in children (< 18 years). Studies were screened independently by two reviewers. Methodological quality was assessed via the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS), including only studies with scores ≥ 6. A fixed-effects meta-analysis was performed given low heterogeneity (<i>I</i> ² = 28.04%). Publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen studies encompassing diverse geographic regions and 30,000+ participants were included. The pooled OR for CP in preterm versus term children was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.72-1.31, <i>p</i> < 0.0001), indicating a significantly increased risk associated with preterm birth. No evidence of publication bias was detected (Egger's <i>p</i> = 0.4783). The methodological rigor and consistency of findings across varied populations strengthen the evidence for a global association.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While the pooled estimate for the broad preterm birth category was not statistically significant, subgroup analyses confirm that the risk of CP increases significantly with the degree of prematurity. These findings reinforce the need for targeted neurodevelopmental monitoring and early interventions in preterm populations, particularly for those born at lower gestational ages, alongside public health strategies to reduce preterm birth incidence. Future research should stratify risks by degree of prematurity and explore biological modifiers to optimize preventive care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3922172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12767667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145912554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Endoscopic Versus Open Approach for Anterior Skull Base Tumors: A Systematic Review of Comparative Outcomes and a Framework for Surgical Selection.","authors":"Ubaid Ullah Mian, Alishba Hameed, Touba Azeem, Sajjad Ullah, Muhammad Idris Khan, Hammad Iftikhar, Umar Farooq, Meer Wais, Jibran Ikram","doi":"10.1155/nri/7730393","DOIUrl":"10.1155/nri/7730393","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Anterior skull base tumors (ASBTs) pose significant surgical challenges due to their proximity to critical neurovascular structures. Surgical management has evolved with the adoption of both endoscopic and open approaches. This systematic review synthesizes evidence comparing these approaches in terms of complications, outcomes, and indications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines, analyzing studies published between 1981 and 2022. A total of 1200 articles were initially identified from databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, JSTOR, and ScienceDirect, with 60 relevant references ultimately included. Data extraction focused on surgical approaches, tumor types, prevalence, and complications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;ASBTs exhibit varying prevalence and associated complications depending on their type. Meningiomas account for nearly one-third of all cases, with an annual incidence of 2 per 100,000 individuals and recurrence rates ranging from 5% for Grade I to 50%-80% for Grade III. Common complications include anosmia (10%-20%), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage (10%), visual abnormalities, and bleeding (5%-10%). Pituitary adenomas are predominantly secretory, with microadenomas comprising 97% and macroadenomas 70%. They frequently cause damage to the internal carotid artery, optic nerve, and result in CSF leakage. Craniopharyngiomas are reported at 0.1 cases per 100,000 annually, with over 80% situated in the suprasellar region. Cavernous sinus tumors represent less than 3% of all meningiomas, while glomus tumors, more prevalent in females (6:1 ratio), present 1-3 instances per million individuals and can lead to facial paralysis, auditory impairment, and cranial nerve palsies. Chordomas and chondrosarcomas, occurring at 0.08 cases per 100,000, are more common in Caucasian men. Esthesioneuroblastomas constitute 2%-3% of intranasal neoplasms, often resulting in CSF leakage and infection. Craniofacial malignancies predominantly originate from the maxillary (60%-70%) and ethmoid sinuses (10%-15%), while skull base metastasis appears in approximately 4% of cancer patients, typically from breast, lung, renal, and prostate cancers. Surgical approaches also come with distinct complications. The endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) has a bacterial meningitis rate of 0%-0.69%, with venous thromboembolism (VTE) being rare but more likely in older patients or those with coagulation issues. Cerebral infarction may occur due to vasospasm, subarachnoid hemorrhage, vascular damage, or electrolyte imbalances, while the risk of pneumocephalus is minimized through careful lumbar drain management and sinus precautions. Open surgical approaches commonly result in CSF leaks, meningitis, vascular injury, and visual disturbances.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This systematic review synthesizes evidence from 60 studies to propose a decision-making framework. We conclude t","PeriodicalId":19124,"journal":{"name":"Neurology Research International","volume":"2025 ","pages":"7730393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12638158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145588163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}