Nature Physics最新文献_第8页

Fast optical control of a coherent hole spin in a microcavity 微腔中相干空穴自旋的快速光学控制

IF 18.4 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02988-5

Mark R. Hogg, Nadia O. Antoniadis, Malwina A. Marczak, Giang N. Nguyen, Timon L. Baltisberger, Alisa Javadi, Rüdiger Schott, Sascha R. Valentin, Andreas D. Wieck, Arne Ludwig, Richard J. Warburton

{"title":"Fast optical control of a coherent hole spin in a microcavity","authors":"Mark R. Hogg, Nadia O. Antoniadis, Malwina A. Marczak, Giang N. Nguyen, Timon L. Baltisberger, Alisa Javadi, Rüdiger Schott, Sascha R. Valentin, Andreas D. Wieck, Arne Ludwig, Richard J. Warburton","doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-02988-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-025-02988-5","url":null,"abstract":"Many of the most promising quantum information platforms store quantum information in electronic or atomic spins. To incorporate these devices into quantum networks, a spin–photon interface is required. Currently, the best on-demand single-photon sources use a semiconductor quantum dot in an engineered photonic environment. However, it is difficult to achieve coherent spin control in a high-performance single-photon source, and spin coherence is limited by magnetic noise from nuclear spins in the semiconductor host material. Here we combine all-optical spin control with a quantum dot in an open microcavity. We demonstrate fast coherent rotations of a hole spin around an arbitrary axis of the Bloch sphere with a maximum π-pulse fidelity of 98.6%. To suppress the slow magnetic noise, we laser cool the nuclear spins using the hole as a central spin. This extends the hole spin free-induction-decay time by more than an order of magnitude. It becomes much larger than both rotation time and radiative recombination time of the spin, enabling the creation of many spin–photon pairs before the loss of spin coherence. Spin–photon interfaces provide a connection between quantum information stored in atomic or electronic spins and optical communications networks. A quantum photon emitter with long-lived, controllable coherent spin has now been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"21 9","pages":"1475-1481"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144792276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-purity quantum optomechanics at room temperature 室温下的高纯度量子光力学

IF 18.4 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02976-9

Lorenzo Dania, Oscar Schmitt Kremer, Johannes Piotrowski, Davide Candoli, Jayadev Vijayan, Oriol Romero-Isart, Carlos Gonzalez-Ballestero, Lukas Novotny, Martin Frimmer

{"title":"High-purity quantum optomechanics at room temperature","authors":"Lorenzo Dania, Oscar Schmitt Kremer, Johannes Piotrowski, Davide Candoli, Jayadev Vijayan, Oriol Romero-Isart, Carlos Gonzalez-Ballestero, Lukas Novotny, Martin Frimmer","doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-02976-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-025-02976-9","url":null,"abstract":"Exploiting quantum effects in a mechanical oscillator, such as back-action-evading measurements or squeezing of the mechanical degrees of freedom, requires the oscillator to be prepared in a high-purity quantum state. The largest state purities in optomechanics to date have been achieved with costly cryogenic cooling combined with coupling to electromagnetic resonators driven with a coherent radiation field. Here we use coherent scattering into a Fabry–Pérot cavity to cool the megahertz-frequency librational mode of an optically levitated silica nanoparticle from room temperature to its quantum ground state. We use sideband thermometry to infer a phonon population of 0.04 quanta under optimal conditions, corresponding to a state purity of 92%. The purity reached by our room-temperature experiment exceeds the performance offered by mechanically clamped oscillators in a cryogenic environment, establishing a platform for high-purity quantum optomechanics at room temperature. Observing quantum effects in a mechanical oscillator requires it to be close to a pure quantum state, rather than a thermal mixture. Here a librational mode of a levitated nanoparticle is cooled close to its ground state without using cryogenics.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"21 10","pages":"1603-1608"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-025-02976-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144786837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Twisted topology visualized in real space 在实空间中可视化的扭曲拓扑

IF 18.4 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02963-0

Adina Luican-Mayer

引用次数: 0

Control of collective activity to crystallize an oscillator gas 控制集体活动使振荡气体结晶

IF 18.4 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02957-y

Marine Le Blay, Joshua H. K. Saldi, Alexandre Morin

{"title":"Control of collective activity to crystallize an oscillator gas","authors":"Marine Le Blay, Joshua H. K. Saldi, Alexandre Morin","doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-02957-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-025-02957-y","url":null,"abstract":"Motility-induced phase separation occurs in assemblies of self-propelled units when activity is coupled negatively to density. By contrast, the consequences of a positive coupling between density and activity on the collective behaviour of active matter remain unexplored. Here we show that collective activity can emerge from such a positive coupling among non-motile building blocks. We perform experiments with self-sustained oscillators powered by contact-charge electrophoresis. Although the oscillators are non-motile by design, they spontaneously form an active gas when confined together. The super-elastic nature of collisions constitutes a positive density–activity coupling and underlies the active gas properties. Elucidating the origin of binary collisions allows us to precisely control the structure of the active gas and its eventual crystallization. Beyond considering the overlooked positive coupling between density and activity, our work suggests that rich collective properties can emerge not only from the symmetry of interactions between active building blocks but also from their adaptable and responsive behaviour. In active matter systems, increasing density usually reduces activity. Now, in a system where density enhances activity, collective motion is shown to arise from non-motile oscillators when they are confined.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"21 9","pages":"1412-1419"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144770002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: High-efficiency optical training of itinerant two-dimensional magnets 作者更正：流动二维磁体的高效光学训练

IF 18.4 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-03013-5

Ti Xie, Jierui Liang, Dhritiman Bhattacharya, Hasitha Suriya Arachchige, Victor M. Yakovenko, David G. Mandrus, Zi Qiang Qiu, Kai Liu, Cheng Gong

引用次数: 0

Capillary interactions drive the self-organization of bacterial colonies 毛细管相互作用驱动细菌菌落的自组织

IF 18.4 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02965-y

Matthew E. Black, Chenyi Fei, Ricard Alert, Ned S. Wingreen, Joshua W. Shaevitz

{"title":"Capillary interactions drive the self-organization of bacterial colonies","authors":"Matthew E. Black, Chenyi Fei, Ricard Alert, Ned S. Wingreen, Joshua W. Shaevitz","doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-02965-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-025-02965-y","url":null,"abstract":"Many bacteria inhabit thin water layers on solid surfaces. These thin films occur both naturally—in soils, on hosts and on textiles—and in the laboratory on agar hydrogels. In these environments, cells experience capillary forces, but it is unclear how these forces shape bacterial collective behaviour. Here we show that the water menisci formed around bacteria lead to capillary attraction between cells while still allowing them to slide past one another. We develop an experimental apparatus that allows us to control bacterial collective behaviour by varying the strength and range of capillary forces. Combining three-dimensional imaging and cell tracking with agent-based modelling, we demonstrate that capillary attraction organizes rod-shaped bacteria into densely packed nematic groups and influences their collective dynamics and morphologies. Our results suggest that capillary forces may be a ubiquitous physical ingredient in shaping microbial communities in partially hydrated environments. Bacteria tend to live in thin layers of water on surfaces. Now the capillary forces in these layers are shown to help organize the bacteria into dense packs.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"21 9","pages":"1444-1450"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predicting topological entanglement entropy in a Rydberg analogue simulator 在Rydberg模拟模拟器中预测拓扑纠缠熵

IF 18.4 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02944-3

Linda Mauron, Zakari Denis, Jannes Nys, Giuseppe Carleo

{"title":"Predicting topological entanglement entropy in a Rydberg analogue simulator","authors":"Linda Mauron, Zakari Denis, Jannes Nys, Giuseppe Carleo","doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-02944-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-025-02944-3","url":null,"abstract":"Predicting the dynamical properties of topological matter is a challenging task, not only in theoretical and experimental settings, but also computationally. Numerical studies are often constrained to studying simplified models and lattices. Here we propose a time-dependent correlated ansatz for the dynamical preparation of a quantum-spin-liquid state on a Rydberg atom simulator. Together with a time-dependent variational Monte Carlo technique, we can faithfully represent the state of the system throughout the entire dynamical preparation protocol. We are able to match not only the physically correct form of the Rydberg atom Hamiltonian but also the relevant lattice topology at system sizes that exceed current experimental capabilities. This approach gives access to global quantities such as the topological entanglement entropy, providing insight into the topological properties of the system. Our results confirm the topological properties of the state during the dynamical preparation protocol, and deepen our understanding of topological entanglement dynamics. We show that, while the simulated state exhibits local properties resembling those of a resonating-valence-bond state, in agreement with experimental observations, it lacks the latter’s characteristic topological entanglement entropy signature irrespective of the degree of adiabaticity of the protocol. A numerical approach capable of simulating large-scale Rydberg atom quantum systems suggests that protocols for preparing topological states can produce experimental signatures of these states without reaching a topological phase.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"21 8","pages":"1332-1337"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-025-02944-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A model spin liquid 模型自旋液体

IF 18.4 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02985-8

Didier Poilblanc

引用次数: 0

Elastic properties of force-transmitting linkages determine multistable mechanosensitive behaviour of cell adhesion 力传递机构的弹性特性决定了细胞粘附的多稳态力学敏感行为

IF 18.4 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02964-z

Ping Liu, Qiuyu Wang, Xin Dai, Lingxuan Pei, Junfan Wang, Weiyi Zhao, Heath E. Johnson, Mingxi Yao, Artem K. Efremov

{"title":"Elastic properties of force-transmitting linkages determine multistable mechanosensitive behaviour of cell adhesion","authors":"Ping Liu, Qiuyu Wang, Xin Dai, Lingxuan Pei, Junfan Wang, Weiyi Zhao, Heath E. Johnson, Mingxi Yao, Artem K. Efremov","doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-02964-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41567-025-02964-z","url":null,"abstract":"Cells can sense and respond to their environment. Central to this process is the formation of molecular clutches, which are dynamic linkages between the extracellular matrix and the actin cytoskeleton mediated by integrins and adaptor proteins. Although it is well known that force-dependent interactions between molecular-clutch components are essential for sensing substrate rigidity, the influence of nonlinear adaptor-protein elasticity is poorly understood. Here we show that adaptor-protein elasticity and local interactions between molecular clutches and the extracellular matrix are key to cellular perception of substrate stiffness. We present a semi-analytical theory that integrates experimentally measured force responses of adaptor proteins to describe cell-adhesion sensing. We propose that molecular clutches probe local mechanical substrate properties and collectively function as a differential that allows a retrograde actin flow and substrate movement to occur at different rates while maintaining a stable mechanical coupling between them. Our model reproduces experimentally measured force-loading rates of individual molecular clutches and correctly predicts cell-adhesion behaviour for a range of substrate stiffnesses. The framework presented can be extended to study complex phenomena such as focal-adhesion maturation and cell-type-specific mechanosensing. The cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix are linked by molecular clutches that enable cells to sense their environment. Now it is shown that the elastic properties of the clutches underpin stiffness sensing.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"21 9","pages":"1431-1443"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-025-02964-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144652565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Entanglement accelerates quantum simulation 纠缠加速量子模拟

IF 18.4 1区物理与天体物理

Nature Physics Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02945-2

Qi Zhao, You Zhou, Andrew M. Childs

引用次数: 0