Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports最新文献

{"title":"Attempt at Dissecting Duterte’s Presidency Using the Political Ideas of Plato, Hobbes, Locke, and Machiavelli","authors":"Daniel S. Fernando","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6674","url":null,"abstract":"Western philosophers have made significant contributions to the establishment of government around the world. Philosophers like Plato, Locke, Hobbes, and Machiavelli dramatically influenced the government system not just in foreign countries but also in the Philippines. Hence, this paper explored the political notions of four Western philosophers and positioned them in Duterte’s six years of presidency. In pursuit of this study, I employed a systematic literature review. A systematic review process is used to collect articles, and then a qualitative approach is used to assess them. I came up with four major themes in this study particularly (1) Duterte is a dictator, not a philosopher-king, (2) violators of natural rights, (3) the sea monster of Davao, and lastly (4) love, fear, cruelty, and Duterte. Thus, I concurred that all of the philosophical ideas of the four Western philosophers did not fit or even violated during Duterte’s six years of presidency in the Philippines.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140969501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical Examination of the Factors that Contribute to Road Traffic Congestion in Lagos State, Nigeria","authors":"Ojo, Jonathan Olaniyi, Gbadegesin, Adeolu Emmanuel","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6673","url":null,"abstract":"Road traffic congestion is a significant issue impacting productivity and increasing transportation costs globally, with severe implications in Lagos State. This study aimed to identify critical factors contributing to congestion, focusing on data collected from 353 employees across various haulage companies in Lagos. Data were primarily gathered through questionnaires and personal interviews, processed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis. \u0000The factor analysis revealed key factors responsible for congestion. Specifically, poor road conditions were acknowledged by a substantial 90% of respondents as a primary factor exacerbating traffic congestion. Similarly, a significant 92.3% of participants identified the rapid increase in urban population as a crucial contributor. Contrary to expectations, the aging vehicle fleet was not considered a major factor, with 87.7% of respondents dismissing its impact. However, traffic flow timing, particularly during peak periods, was highlighted as a significant issue. Behavioral factors also play a role, with 78.1% of respondents citing poor driving habits as a major cause of congestion. Additionally, the need for better road maintenance was emphasized by 90.6% of the participants, suggesting infrastructural improvements as a key area for intervention. The study's findings underscore the multifaceted nature of traffic congestion in Lagos, influenced by both infrastructural shortcomings and behavioral issues. The study concludes that significant factors such as peak periods, a growing urban population, poor road conditions, and inadequate transport policies are pivotal in driving congestion in Lagos State. To address these challenges, it is recommended that freight companies optimize their vehicle scheduling and delivery timings to mitigate the impact of simultaneous heavy vehicle traffic. This strategic approach aims to enhance traffic management and contribute to more sustainable urban mobility solutions in Lagos State.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140975866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic Evaluation of Four Hormonal Preparations in the Artificial Propagation of Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier, 1829)","authors":"Asangusung, P. S., Uka, A., Nlewadim, A. A.","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6672","url":null,"abstract":"The economic evaluation of four hormonal preparations: Heterotis niloticus pituitary extract, ovaprim, Clarias gariepinus pituitary extract and carp pituitary extract (C.P.E) in artificial propagation of Heterotis niloticus was investigated. Total of twenty four fishes (twelve females and twelve males) of twenty four months old were used for the experiment. The females were divided into four groups.  Each group was induced to spawn with the same hormone. Sperm from one male was used to fertilize the eggs obtained from individual females. Effects of the hormones on the fecundity were investigated to help address the economic values. The results showed that the cost of inducing 2.20kg female to yield 30.33g, 47.00g, 30.00g and 29.33g of eggs, were ₦200, ₦700, ₦300 and ₦480, for Heterotis niloticus pituitary extract, ovaprim, Clarias gariepinus pituitary extract and C.P.E, respectively. Profitability index for Heterotis niloticus pituitary extract, ovaprim, Clarias gariepinus pituitary extract and C.P.E was 7, 10, 6.8 and 6.6, respectively. Indicating that, cost of production accounted <10% for ovaprim, <15% for CPE, and <14% for both HnPE and CgPE of the total variable cost. The production was more profitable with ovaprim than HnPE, CgPE and C.P.E. The study has provided data, comparing the effectiveness of the hormones, revealing that the four hormones can be used for artificial propagation of H. niloticus with varied degree of economic implication. However, ovaprim is highly recommended to hatchery users for optimum performance.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"51 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140980793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Safety Performance in Nigeria’s Oil and Gas Industry: A Comparative Risk Model Analysis","authors":"Mgbowaji Zacchaeus, J. Ugbebor, I. Agbagwa, Unyeawaji Brownson Ntesat","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6669","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined a risk-based model for the enhancement of safety performance in Nigeria’s oil and gas sector. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling method was adopted to consider the selected five oil and gas companies in operations within this study area. A quantitative approach was employed using a comprehensive hazard checklist developed based on industry standards and expert insights, utilizing a structured questionnaire to collect data from industry experts, workers, and stakeholders on hazard likelihood and severity. The 392-sample size used was selected purposively to represent the total population of oil and gas workers in these companies. 392 copies of the questionnaire were administered, and 357 copies were used for the study, with a response rate of 91.07%. The analysis revealed key risk factors for oil and gas offshore operations, such as structural failure due to poor design, valve and seal failures, security threats, fire/ explosions, blowouts, and oil spills. Modelling the risk score against the likelihood showed a good model fit (R2 = 0.831), indicating that the model explains 83.1% of the variance, and the likelihood coefficient was positive and significant. Modelling the risk score against the severity also showed a reasonably good fit (R2 = 0.676), with the severity coefficient being positive and significant. However, modelling the risk score against both likelihood and severity showed excellent fit (R2 = 0.994), explaining 99.4% of the variance. The likelihood and severity coefficients were positive and highly significant; this indicated that an increase in either factor would lead to an increase in the risk score. These models provide a quantitative way to assess risk in the oil and gas industry based on the key factors of likelihood and severity of potential hazards. This study bridged theoretical risk management concepts with practical applications and provided actionable recommendations for policymakers, significantly enhancing safety performance in a crucial economic sector.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140980215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women in Leadership: Examining Barriers to Women's Advancement in Leadership Positions","authors":"Chanda Chansa Thelma, Loveness Ngulube","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6671","url":null,"abstract":"Overview: This paper delves into the pervasive challenges hindering women's progression into leadership roles. The study was conducted in Lusaka district, the capital city of Zambia from which the participants were selected for the study from 6 different organizations, 3 private and 3 government institutions.\u0000Body of Knowledge: Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and empirical evidence, it identifies key barriers impeding women's ascent to leadership positions across various sectors. The analysis encompasses societal, organizational, and individual factors contributing to the gender gap in leadership. Societal norms, biases, and cultural expectations often perpetuate gender stereotypes, creating systemic hurdles for women aspiring to leadership roles. Organizational structures and practices, including lack of mentorship opportunities, gender bias in hiring and promotion, and workplace discrimination, further exacerbate these barriers.\u0000Methods: The total target population was 601. The sample size involved a total of 61 respondents, which was 10% of the target population. A mixed method approach was used in this study in combination with the descriptive survey design. Interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data. Qualitative and Quantitative techniques of data analysis was used, and data was presented on the analytical tools such as tables, figures and charts.\u0000Results: The study findings indicated that deep-seated societal attitudes often favor men in leadership roles. Implicit biases, both conscious and unconscious, can lead to discriminatory practices in hiring, promotion, and performance evaluations. Similarly, the study found that women often encounter unequal opportunities for advancement, including limited access to high-profile projects, stretch assignments, and sponsorship from senior leaders. Without equal access to career-enhancing opportunities, women may struggle to develop the skills and experiences necessary for leadership roles.\u0000Recommendation: Raising awareness and concerted efforts from various stakeholders, including policymakers, organizations, and individuals through implementing diversity and inclusion initiatives, promoting equitable hiring practices, and fostering supportive workplace cultures are crucial steps toward dismantling systemic barriers to women's leadership.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"44 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140979001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Nutritional Value of Heterotis niloticus ‘Ecomog Fish’ under Fresh, Smoked and Sun-dried Conditions in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria","authors":"Asangusung, P. S., Eyo, V. O","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6670","url":null,"abstract":"The nutritional value (ash, moisture, fibre, protein, fat and carbohydrate) of three preservative states: fresh, smoked and sun-dried of Heterotis niloticus (Ecomog fish) in Cross River State, Nigeria was investigated, using the standard A. O. A. C (2005) methods. A total of nine matured size (3 – 4kg body weight) fishes were obtained from artisanal fishermen in Idundu (Great Kwa River). The fishes were divided into three groups; each group represented a treatment (preservative state). Samples were treated and laboratory studies carried out separately, before achieving proximate composition for each replicate. The results showed that, fresh H. niloticus gave the highest mean protein content (9.58±0.02%), mean moisture content (84.83±0.01g) and mean ash content (10.74±0.19%); smoked H. niloticus gave the highest mean fat content (17.53±0.04%) and mean fibre content (0.15±0.02%), while the sun-dried H. niloticus showed the highest value in mean carbohydrate content (76.60±0.01%). Although fresh H. niloticus is highly recommended for human consumption, in respect to our results; we may therefore conclude that these local sources of proteins are important not only in aiding to reduce high incidence of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) among the lower socio-economic populace, but also as energy food source.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"60 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140978791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Effect of Auto-mechanic Activity on Microbial Population and Availability","authors":"Okobia U.B., Igbuku, A.U, O. J.O., O. J.I, Anozie A. J.","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6668","url":null,"abstract":"The long-term presence of the resulting pollutants in the soil increases concerns about soil microorganism poisoning, which can lower soil fertility, which is dependent on both the type and quantity of microorganisms living there as well as the soil's chemical makeup. Contaminated soil samples were collected using a soil auger in a randomized method along transect of automobile mechanic workshop within the study area. Result obtained from laboratory analysis indicates considerable reduction in bacteria population as a result of petroleum pollution around auto mechanic workshops in the study area. Laboratory analysis indicates that only Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp were identified in polluted soil samples and this is due to petroleum effects which has affected the existence of other species as compared to the control sample. Petroleum pollution has continued to have its effect on population of fungi in soil especially in places were spills are persistent. Result on fungi pollution reveals that auto mechanic activities and its spill actions reduces fungi population. This is seen through reduction in fungi count for polluted and pollution free soil (control). Research has proven that these action from man affects negatively the population of bacteria by affecting respiratory processes. Laboratory results indicates that spent oil spill from auto mechanic activity has a direct effect on microbial population in soil. Protection of soil microorganisms should be adopted through prevention of Spent oil spill around soil at auto mechanic workshop by setting up appropriate collection drums and containers.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140999435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entrepreneurship Education: Panacea for Unemployment and Poverty among Business Education Graduates in South-South, Nigeria","authors":"E. P. Okoro","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6666","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated Entrepreneurship Education as Panacea for unemployment and poverty among Business Education graduates in South-South, Nigeria. It adopted the descriptive survey design, two research questions and two hypotheses guided the study. The target population which served as sample comprised 217 Business Education Lecturers in universities south-south, Nigeria. A questionnaire was the instrument used for data collection. The questionnaire had two parts: part A contained 4 items of demographic variables of respondents – name of university, sex, university type (Federal or State), mode of entry. Part B contained 10 items based on the two research questions: Research Question One contained 5 items and Research Question Two contained 5 items. The questionnaire was structured on a 4 – point scale of responses: Very High Extent 4 – points, High Extent 3 – points, Low Extent 2 – points, Very Low Extent 1 – point. There was face and content validity of the instrument. The instrument was validated by experts in Business Education and Measurement and Evaluation at the Delta State University, Abraka. The reliability of the instrument was ascertained through Cronbach Alpha and the results of the two research questions are – r = 0.87 and r = 0.88 respectively. A total of 217 copies of the questionnaire were administered to 217 Business Education Lecturers in all the universities offering Business Education Programmes in South- south, Nigeria. 202 copies were fully completed and returned indicating a return rate of 93.09 %. The Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviations. The findings showed the respondents affirming to a high extent that Entrepreneurship Education can help in eradicating unemployment and poverty by sustaining Entrepreneurship and creating wealth. It was therefore recommended among others that Entrepreneurship Education should be integrated in the education curriculum and government should establish Enterprise Development centres to promote Entrepreneurship Education.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"17 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141009177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between Safety Awareness and Safety Compliance in Small and Medium Scale Enterprise in Akwa-Ibom State Nigeria","authors":"Ubong J. Inyang, I. Nwaogazie, John Ugbebor","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6667","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to evaluate the relationship between safety awareness and compliance with safety behaviours in small and medium-scale enterprises (SMEs) in Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria. The study employed a purposive non-probability sampling technique combined with cluster sampling, surveying 179 respondents across various manufacturing sectors. Data were collected using the Occupational Safety and Compliance of SMEs Questionnaire (OSCSMEQ) and a safety audit checklist. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation Analysis, and multiple linear regression were employed for data analysis. The findings revealed a critical need for improvement in job safety, coworker awareness, supervisor engagement, and management commitment within Akwa Ibom SMEs. Strong positive degree & level of significance between job safety awareness and compliance, coworker awareness and compliance and supervisor awareness and compliance underscore the significance of safety knowledge and leadership in shaping adherence to safety protocols. Top management's commitment emerges as a key influencer not only on compliance but also on worker satisfaction with safety programs.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"40 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141010570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Students’ Level of Satisfaction in College for Community and Organizational Development Blended Learning (CBL) at All Mobilization Centres Sunyani, Ghana","authors":"Jacob Aaworb-nang Maabobr Kor, Gabriel Gbiel Benarkuu","doi":"10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2024/v18i6664","url":null,"abstract":"Schools are working hard to meet the needs of today's information society and student generation. Students not only carry their cell phones everywhere but also get acquainted with various online environments, including social software. This can be seen as both a challenge and an opportunity for schools, as mobile technology and social software can be used as tools to create flexible learning environments that promote learning. Student cooperation. In this article, we explore the potential of mobile technology and social software in the context of associative learning theory and cooperative learning. We also give two examples of how these opportunities can be realized in higher education, particularly in teacher training. Provides ideas on how to use mobile technology and social software in teaching and learning. Recent trends in teaching and learning have become very interesting thanks to innovative teaching methods that use a variety of technologies and practical tools. In this research, we look at new trends in educational institutions that can make you a modern job creator or teacher. Students like the modern teacher's way of teaching because they can actively participate in the learning process. Electronic content, video courses, online teaching and many other tools are used to teach subjects in innovative and effective classrooms. The latest teaching technique used in modern classrooms to enhance students' learning experience is the blended classroom. Researchers on the staff of the College of Perspectives (CCOD). Their study concluded that the blended class had a positive impact on the academic development of College Theodolite (CCOD) students in their thesis writing and their access to electronic library services.","PeriodicalId":190996,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports","volume":"114 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141013481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}