Critical Examination of the Factors that Contribute to Road Traffic Congestion in Lagos State, Nigeria

Road traffic congestion is a significant issue impacting productivity and increasing transportation costs globally, with severe implications in Lagos State. This study aimed to identify critical factors contributing to congestion, focusing on data collected from 353 employees across various haulage companies in Lagos. Data were primarily gathered through questionnaires and personal interviews, processed using descriptive statistics and factor analysis. The factor analysis revealed key factors responsible for congestion. Specifically, poor road conditions were acknowledged by a substantial 90% of respondents as a primary factor exacerbating traffic congestion. Similarly, a significant 92.3% of participants identified the rapid increase in urban population as a crucial contributor. Contrary to expectations, the aging vehicle fleet was not considered a major factor, with 87.7% of respondents dismissing its impact. However, traffic flow timing, particularly during peak periods, was highlighted as a significant issue. Behavioral factors also play a role, with 78.1% of respondents citing poor driving habits as a major cause of congestion. Additionally, the need for better road maintenance was emphasized by 90.6% of the participants, suggesting infrastructural improvements as a key area for intervention. The study's findings underscore the multifaceted nature of traffic congestion in Lagos, influenced by both infrastructural shortcomings and behavioral issues. The study concludes that significant factors such as peak periods, a growing urban population, poor road conditions, and inadequate transport policies are pivotal in driving congestion in Lagos State. To address these challenges, it is recommended that freight companies optimize their vehicle scheduling and delivery timings to mitigate the impact of simultaneous heavy vehicle traffic. This strategic approach aims to enhance traffic management and contribute to more sustainable urban mobility solutions in Lagos State.