Nature Reviews Materials最新文献

The van der Waals MoSi2N4 materials family van der Waals MoSi2N4材料族

IF 83.5 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00832-z

Tianya Zhou, Chuan Xu, Wencai Ren

{"title":"The van der Waals MoSi2N4 materials family","authors":"Tianya Zhou, Chuan Xu, Wencai Ren","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00832-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-025-00832-z","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional materials, such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride and transition metal dichalcogenides, are normally limited by the known 3D bulk materials. The design and synthesis of entirely new 2D materials, particularly van der Waals (vdW) layered materials, would significantly expand the properties and functionalities of 2D materials. In 2020, a novel vdW layered material, MoSi2N4, was synthesized by passivating the surface of 2D non-layered molybdenum nitride with the addition of elemental silicon, which has since opened up a new vdW materials family with the general formula MA2Z4. To date, over a hundred MA2Z4 materials and their derivatives have been predicted, in addition to the synthesized MSi2N4 (M = Mo, W), encompassing metals, semiconductors, superconductors, topological insulators, ferroelectrics and ferromagnets, owing to the diversity of elements and structures in MA2Z4. Such materials exhibit a variety of exceptional electronic, optical, thermal, mechanical, ferroelectric and magnetic properties, and they are promising for applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices, electrocatalysis, photocatalysis and batteries. Over the past 4 years, the MoSi2N4 materials family has rapidly emerged as a key research frontier in materials science. In this Review, we summarize recent advances in the investigation of materials in the MoSi2N4 family, covering their crystal structure, synthesis methods, fundamental properties and potential applications, and provide an outlook on future research directions.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":83.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145035758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Materials passports facilitate circularity in the construction industry 材料护照促进建筑行业的循环

IF 83.5 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00842-x

Ana Rute Costa

引用次数: 0

Albumin nanoparticles deliver mRNA on target 白蛋白纳米颗粒将mRNA传递到靶上

IF 83.5 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00843-w

Michael Attwaters

{"title":"Albumin nanoparticles deliver mRNA on target","authors":"Michael Attwaters","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00843-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-025-00843-w","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional mRNA vaccines use lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) conjugated to polyethylene glycol (PEG) for delivery of mRNA to cells. However, PEG-LNPs can accumulate in the liver and in rare cases might result in hepatotoxicity, particularly with repeated injections in high doses. Now, writing in Nature Materials, Guocan Yu, Xiaoyuan Chen, Gong Cheng and collaborators describe an albumin-recruiting LNP system that prevents uptake by hepatic tissue and is effective in preclinical models of cancer and infectious diseases.To investigate their biodistribution mechanisms, the authors also compared the behaviour of both types of LNP following intramuscular injection. Consistent with their high lymphatic drainage efficiency, EB-LNPs mostly travelled from the injection site into the intramuscular lymphatic vessels, whereas PEG-LNPs directly entered the bloodstream via intramuscular blood vessels and circulated to the liver. Once in the lymphatic system, EB-LNPs were internalized by dendritic cells, a type of immune cell that engulfs antigens and presents them on their surface for activation of the adaptive immune system. These findings indicate that EB-LNPs hold great promise as an efficient and safe delivery mechanism for mRNA vaccines.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":83.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-throughput platforms for machine learning-guided lipid nanoparticle design 机器学习引导脂质纳米颗粒设计的高通量平台

IF 83.5 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00831-0

Andrew R. Hanna, David A. Issadore, Michael J. Mitchell

{"title":"High-throughput platforms for machine learning-guided lipid nanoparticle design","authors":"Andrew R. Hanna, David A. Issadore, Michael J. Mitchell","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00831-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-025-00831-0","url":null,"abstract":"To design a lipid nanoparticle (LNP) that effectively delivers nucleic acids to a specific cell or tissue type, multiple lipid components and their relative proportions must be decided on from a large number of options. As there is an incomplete understanding of the relationship between the molecular composition of a delivery vehicle, its structure and its activity, the decision is made by screening many formulations. Emerging technologies have rapidly accelerated the generation of large LNP libraries and the testing of their physicochemical properties and behaviour in vitro and in vivo. These screening tools are being increasingly integrated within artificial intelligence-driven discovery systems, wherein data obtained from the characterization and biological testing of LNPs are fed into machine learning models. These models can provide non-obvious relationships between composition and physical or biological outputs, or predict entirely new lipid structures. In this Perspective, we discuss advancements in the automation and parallelization of chemical synthesis, particle formulation, characterization and pharmacological screening that have improved the throughput of generating and testing large libraries of LNPs for nucleic acid delivery. We notably highlight the short-term potential of coupling these high-throughput platforms with machine learning to accelerate the prediction of optimal nucleic acid LNPs for new therapeutic targets.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":83.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145017728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coordination chemistry in advanced redox-active electrolyte designs 高级氧化还原活性电解质设计中的配位化学

IF 83.5 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00833-y

Fei Ai, Yi-Chun Lu

引用次数: 0

Making scientific workplaces inclusive for deaf and hard-of-hearing persons 为聋人和听力障碍者提供包容的科学工作场所

IF 86.2 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00835-w

Lok Ming Tam, Shazia Siddiqi

引用次数: 0

Solar-driven ammonia recovery from wastewater using MXene-based sponges 利用基于mxene的海绵从废水中回收太阳能驱动的氨

IF 86.2 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00837-8

Charlotte Allard

引用次数: 0

Sustainable slippery surfaces 可持续滑面

IF 86.2 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00836-9

Claire Ashworth

引用次数: 0

Turning sewage sludge into valuable catalysts through atomic-level circularity 通过原子级循环将污水污泥转化为有价值的催化剂

IF 83.5 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00834-x

Chao-Hai Gu, Han-Qing Yu

引用次数: 0

Synthetic methods for high-entropy nanomaterials 高熵纳米材料的合成方法

IF 86.2 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00829-8

Nabojit Kar, Sara E. Skrabalak

{"title":"Synthetic methods for high-entropy nanomaterials","authors":"Nabojit Kar, Sara E. Skrabalak","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00829-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00829-8","url":null,"abstract":"‘High entropy’ has become a key concept in materials science over the past two decades, with this concept more recently extended to nanomaterials. High-entropy materials, characterized by the incorporation of five or more principal elements in nearly equal proportions, leverage entropy to promote the formation of compositionally complex single-phase materials rather than phase-segregated alternatives. The extensive compositional space of high-entropy nanomaterials, as well as their distinct structural and catalytic properties, has garnered considerable interest. The synthesis of high-quality single-phase high-entropy nanoparticles is important to fully realizing their potential to drive innovation, and numerous synthetic routes exist. Top-down methods begin with bulk high-entropy materials and break them down into nanosized structures, whereas bottom-up strategies start from atoms and build nanomaterials through nucleation and growth. In this Review, we categorize and compare the synthetic methods for high-entropy alloy and high-entropy intermetallic nanoparticles. Our discussion reveals that colloidal synthesis offers excellent control over the composition, size and shape of high-entropy nanoparticles while also providing pathways to metastable states that are not always accessible by other methods. High-entropy nanomaterials are characterized by the incorporation of five or more principal elements in nearly equal proportions. This Review highlights how different synthetic methods for these nanomaterials can facilitate control of phase and particle size and shape for applications such as catalysis.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 9","pages":"638-653"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144813006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0