Nature Reviews Materials最新文献_第10页

Magnetoelectric oscillations go giant in a van der Waals multiferroic 范德瓦尔斯多铁氧体中的磁电振荡变得巨大

IF 79.8 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00719-5

Giulia Pacchioni

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Tiny batteries for tiny robots 微型机器人的微型电池

IF 79.8 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00718-6

Charlotte Allard

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You may say she’s a dreamer 你可以说她是个梦想家

IF 79.8 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00713-x

Giulia Pacchioni

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Design of functional and sustainable polymers assisted by artificial intelligence 人工智能辅助设计功能性和可持续聚合物

IF 79.8 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00708-8

Huan Tran, Rishi Gurnani, Chiho Kim, Ghanshyam Pilania, Ha-Kyung Kwon, Ryan P. Lively, Rampi Ramprasad

{"title":"Design of functional and sustainable polymers assisted by artificial intelligence","authors":"Huan Tran, Rishi Gurnani, Chiho Kim, Ghanshyam Pilania, Ha-Kyung Kwon, Ryan P. Lively, Rampi Ramprasad","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00708-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00708-8","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods continue to make inroads into accelerated materials design and development. Here, we review AI-enabled advances made in the subfield of polymer informatics, with a particular focus on the design of application-specific practical polymeric materials. We consider exemplar design attempts within a few critical and emerging application spaces, including materials designs for storing, producing and conserving energy, and those that can prepare us for a sustainable economy powered by recyclable and/or biodegradable polymers. AI-powered workflows help to efficiently search the staggeringly large chemical and configurational space of materials, using modern machine-learning (ML) algorithms to solve ‘forward’ and ‘inverse’ materials design problems. A theme explored throughout this Review is a practical informatics-based design protocol that involves creating a set of application-specific target property criteria, building ML model predictors for those relevant target properties, enumerating or generating a tangible population of viable polymers, and selecting candidates that meet design recommendations. The protocol is demonstrated for several energy- and sustainability-related applications. Finally, we offer our outlook on the lingering obstacles that must be overcome to achieve widespread adoption of informatics-driven protocols in industrial-scale materials development. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based methods continue to make inroads into accelerated materials design and development. This Review focuses on AI-enabled advances in polymer informatics, highlighting practical design protocols and exemplar applications in energy and sustainability, while also addressing challenges to industrial adoption.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 12","pages":"866-886"},"PeriodicalIF":79.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142002797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Untangling the chemical complexity of plastics to improve life cycle outcomes 解开塑料化学的复杂性，改善生命周期结果

IF 79.8 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00705-x

Kara Lavender Law, Margaret J. Sobkowicz, Michael P. Shaver, Mark E. Hahn

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Dielectric breakdown of oxide films in electronic devices 电子设备中氧化膜的介电击穿

IF 79.8 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00702-0

Andrea Padovani, Paolo La Torraca, Jack Strand, Luca Larcher, Alexander L. Shluger

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Boosting the performance of plastic thermoelectrics 提高塑料热电半导体的性能

IF 79.8 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00716-8

Giulia Pacchioni

引用次数: 0

Activity versus stability of atomically dispersed transition-metal electrocatalysts 原子分散过渡金属电催化剂的活性与稳定性

IF 79.8 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00703-z

Gang Wu, Piotr Zelenay

{"title":"Activity versus stability of atomically dispersed transition-metal electrocatalysts","authors":"Gang Wu, Piotr Zelenay","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00703-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00703-z","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer electrolyte fuel cells operating on clean and sustainable hydrogen are an attractive solution for clean transportation. However, polymer electrolyte fuel cells are costly owing to the use of considerable amounts of platinum group metal (PGM) catalysts, which are needed to catalyse the very slow oxygen reduction reaction at the cathode. The most attractive path in that regard is a complete replacement of precious metal catalysts by PGM-free materials with similar or better performance. Since 2010, numerous promising catalysts have been proposed for PGM-free electrocatalysis. However, the best-performing catalysts do not yet meet the requirements of practical systems. One important hurdle in catalyst discovery is relying heavily on empirical rather than rational design-based approaches. This Perspective article focuses on the most promising PGM-free oxygen reduction reaction catalysts based on atomically dispersed, nitrogen-coordinated single-atom metal sites (M–N–C catalysts). We specifically concentrate on the active-site structure and critical factors governing catalytic activity and performance durability. We propose potentially effective strategies for improving performance by controlling the catalyst structure at the atomic scale, mesoscale and nanoscale. We highlight the importance of overcoming often-observed activity–stability trade-offs and the importance of advanced modelling for the rational design of catalysts. Platinum group metal-free electrocatalysts that utilize atomically dispersed, nitrogen-coordinated transition-metal sites in carbon are a promising replacement for platinum-based oxygen reduction reaction catalysts in fuel cells. This Perspective article offers a concise discussion on addressing remaining challenges related to activity–stability trade-offs by precisely controlling catalyst structures at multiple scales.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 9","pages":"643-656"},"PeriodicalIF":79.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sensing how an embryo takes shape 感知胚胎如何成形

IF 79.8 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00712-y

Ariane Vartanian

引用次数: 0

Hidden triplet states at hybrid organic–inorganic interfaces 有机-无机混合界面上的隐藏三重态

IF 79.8 1区材料科学

Nature Reviews Materials Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00704-y

Guochen Bao, Renren Deng, Dayong Jin, Xiaogang Liu

{"title":"Hidden triplet states at hybrid organic–inorganic interfaces","authors":"Guochen Bao, Renren Deng, Dayong Jin, Xiaogang Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00704-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00704-y","url":null,"abstract":"Triplet states have been widely studied in phosphorescent molecules, lanthanide complexes and triplet–triplet annihilation systems, in which they have a critical role in energy transfer processes. However, advances have also shed light on their importance in organic–inorganic hybrid materials, wherein they can be used for decoding energy transfer mechanisms, enhancing interfacial energy transfer and attaining new properties. In this Review, we provide an overview of triplet properties, activation strategies and regulatory approaches. Our focus is on their crucial contribution to organic–inorganic hybrids, including inorganic semiconductor-sensitized triplet–triplet annihilation, the utilization of triplet reservoirs for thermally activated delayed photoluminescence, singlet exciton fission-induced silicon sensitization, dye-triplet-mediated upconversion nanoparticles, and other triplet systems. We discuss potential applications, exciting challenges, and opportunities for the advancement of triplet-mediated organic–inorganic hybrid materials. Triplet states are crucial for enhancing interfacial energy transfer and enabling the development of organic–inorganic hybrid materials with improved properties. This Review examines the properties of triplet states, strategies for controlling these ‘hidden’ states, their role in interfacial energy transfer, and the associated challenges and future opportunities.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 1","pages":"28-43"},"PeriodicalIF":79.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0