Nature neuroscience最新文献_第8页

Dynamical constraints on neural population activity 神经种群活动的动态约束

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01845-7

Emily R. Oby, Alan D. Degenhart, Erinn M. Grigsby, Asma Motiwala, Nicole T. McClain, Patrick J. Marino, Byron M. Yu, Aaron P. Batista

{"title":"Dynamical constraints on neural population activity","authors":"Emily R. Oby, Alan D. Degenhart, Erinn M. Grigsby, Asma Motiwala, Nicole T. McClain, Patrick J. Marino, Byron M. Yu, Aaron P. Batista","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01845-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41593-024-01845-7","url":null,"abstract":"The manner in which neural activity unfolds over time is thought to be central to sensory, motor and cognitive functions in the brain. Network models have long posited that the brain’s computations involve time courses of activity that are shaped by the underlying network. A prediction from this view is that the activity time courses should be difficult to violate. We leveraged a brain–computer interface to challenge monkeys to violate the naturally occurring time courses of neural population activity that we observed in the motor cortex. This included challenging animals to traverse the natural time course of neural activity in a time-reversed manner. Animals were unable to violate the natural time courses of neural activity when directly challenged to do so. These results provide empirical support for the view that activity time courses observed in the brain indeed reflect the underlying network-level computational mechanisms that they are believed to implement. Oby, Degenhart, Grigsby and colleagues used a brain–computer interface to challenge monkeys to override their natural time courses of neural activity. They found the time courses to be highly robust, suggestive of network-level computational mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"28 2","pages":"383-393"},"PeriodicalIF":21.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-024-01845-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142987673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural populations are dynamic but constrained 神经种群是动态的，但受到约束

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01793-2

Amy L. Orsborn

引用次数: 0

Neural mechanisms of relational learning and fast knowledge reassembly in plastic neural networks 塑性神经网络中关系学习和快速知识重组的神经机制

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01852-8

Thomas Miconi, Kenneth Kay

{"title":"Neural mechanisms of relational learning and fast knowledge reassembly in plastic neural networks","authors":"Thomas Miconi, Kenneth Kay","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01852-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41593-024-01852-8","url":null,"abstract":"Humans and animals have a striking ability to learn relationships between items in experience (such as stimuli, objects and events), enabling structured generalization and rapid assimilation of new information. A fundamental type of such relational learning is order learning, which enables transitive inference (if A > B and B > C, then A > C) and list linking (A > B > C and D > E > F rapidly ‘reassembled’ into A > B > C > D > E > F upon learning C > D). Despite longstanding study, a neurobiologically plausible mechanism for transitive inference and rapid reassembly of order knowledge has remained elusive. Here we report that neural networks endowed with neuromodulated synaptic plasticity (allowing for self-directed learning) and identified through artificial metalearning (learning-to-learn) are able to perform both transitive inference and list linking and, further, express behavioral patterns widely observed in humans and animals. Crucially, only networks that adopt an ‘active’ solution, in which items from past trials are reinstated in neural activity in recoded form, are capable of list linking. These results identify fully neural mechanisms for relational learning, and highlight a method for discovering such mechanisms. Using a metalearning approach to model relational learning, Miconi and Kay show neural mechanisms for structured generalization and rapid learning.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"28 2","pages":"406-414"},"PeriodicalIF":21.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A distinct hypothalamus–habenula circuit governs risk preference 一个独特的下丘脑-缰核回路控制着风险偏好

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01856-4

Dominik Groos, Anna Maria Reuss, Peter Rupprecht, Tevye Stachniak, Christopher Lewis, Shuting Han, Adrian Roggenbach, Oliver Sturman, Yaroslav Sych, Martin Wieckhorst, Johannes Bohacek, Theofanis Karayannis, Adriano Aguzzi, Fritjof Helmchen

{"title":"A distinct hypothalamus–habenula circuit governs risk preference","authors":"Dominik Groos, Anna Maria Reuss, Peter Rupprecht, Tevye Stachniak, Christopher Lewis, Shuting Han, Adrian Roggenbach, Oliver Sturman, Yaroslav Sych, Martin Wieckhorst, Johannes Bohacek, Theofanis Karayannis, Adriano Aguzzi, Fritjof Helmchen","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01856-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41593-024-01856-4","url":null,"abstract":"Appropriate risk evaluation is essential for survival in complex, uncertain environments. Confronted with choosing between certain (safe) and uncertain (risky) options, animals show strong preference for either option consistently across extended time periods. How such risk preference is encoded in the brain remains elusive. A candidate region is the lateral habenula (LHb), which is prominently involved in value-guided behavior. Here, using a balanced two-alternative choice task and longitudinal two-photon calcium imaging in mice, we identify risk-preference-selective activity in LHb neurons reflecting individual risk preference before action selection. By using whole-brain anatomical tracing, multi-fiber photometry and projection-specific and cell-type-specific optogenetics, we find glutamatergic LHb projections from the medial (MH) but not lateral (LH) hypothalamus providing behavior-relevant synaptic input before action selection. Optogenetic stimulation of MH→LHb axons evoked excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic responses, whereas LH→LHb projections were excitatory. We thus reveal functionally distinct hypothalamus–habenula circuits for risk preference in habitual economic decision-making. Groos et al. show that lateral habenula activity reflects individual risk preference before action selection. This activity is modulated by behavior-relevant synaptic input from the medial hypothalamus capable of glutamate and GABA co-release.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"28 2","pages":"361-373"},"PeriodicalIF":21.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142935892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Together but opposites in reward 在一起却有相反的回报

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01861-7

Luis A. Mejia

引用次数: 0

Glioblastoma–neuron networks Glioblastoma-neuron网络

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01862-6

Shari Wiseman

引用次数: 0

AI beats neuroscientists’ predictions 人工智能打败了神经科学家的预测

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01860-8

Henrietta Howells

引用次数: 0

Multimodal transcriptomics reveal neurogenic aging trajectories and age-related regional inflammation in the dentate gyrus 多模态转录组学揭示了齿状回的神经源性衰老轨迹和与年龄相关的区域炎症

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01848-4

Yicheng Wu, Vladyslav I. Korobeynyk, Margherita Zamboni, Felix Waern, John Darby Cole, Sarah Mundt, Melanie Greter, Jonas Frisén, Enric Llorens-Bobadilla, Sebastian Jessberger

{"title":"Multimodal transcriptomics reveal neurogenic aging trajectories and age-related regional inflammation in the dentate gyrus","authors":"Yicheng Wu, Vladyslav I. Korobeynyk, Margherita Zamboni, Felix Waern, John Darby Cole, Sarah Mundt, Melanie Greter, Jonas Frisén, Enric Llorens-Bobadilla, Sebastian Jessberger","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01848-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41593-024-01848-4","url":null,"abstract":"The mammalian dentate gyrus (DG) is involved in certain forms of learning and memory, and DG dysfunction has been implicated in age-related diseases. Although neurogenic potential is maintained throughout life in the DG as neural stem cells (NSCs) continue to generate new neurons, neurogenesis decreases with advancing age, with implications for age-related cognitive decline and disease. In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to characterize transcriptomic signatures of neurogenic cells and their surrounding DG niche, identifying molecular changes associated with neurogenic aging from the activation of quiescent NSCs to the maturation of fate-committed progeny. By integrating spatial transcriptomics data, we identified the regional invasion of inflammatory cells into the hippocampus with age and show here that early-onset neuroinflammation decreases neurogenic activity. Our data reveal the lifelong molecular dynamics of NSCs and their surrounding neurogenic DG niche with age and provide a powerful resource to understand age-related molecular alterations in the aging hippocampus. Multimodal transcriptomics unveil the molecular dynamics of neural stem cells and their surrounding niche in the aging mouse hippocampus and provide a resource to understand age-related molecular changes.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"28 2","pages":"415-430"},"PeriodicalIF":21.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-024-01848-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Context-dependent decision-making in the primate hippocampal–prefrontal circuit 灵长类动物海马体-前额叶回路中的情境依赖决策

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01839-5

Thomas W. Elston, Joni D. Wallis

{"title":"Context-dependent decision-making in the primate hippocampal–prefrontal circuit","authors":"Thomas W. Elston, Joni D. Wallis","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01839-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41593-024-01839-5","url":null,"abstract":"What is good in one scenario may be bad in another. Despite the ubiquity of such contextual reasoning in everyday choice, how the brain flexibly uses different valuation schemes across contexts remains unknown. We addressed this question by monitoring neural activity from the hippocampus (HPC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) of two monkeys performing a state-dependent choice task. We found that HPC neurons encoded state information as it became available and then, at the time of choice, relayed this information to the OFC via theta synchronization. During choice, the OFC represented value in a state-dependent manner; many OFC neurons uniquely coded for value in only one state but not the other. This suggests a functional dissociation whereby the HPC encodes contextual information that is broadcast to the OFC via theta synchronization to select a state-appropriate value subcircuit, thereby allowing for contextual reasoning in value-based choice. The brain uses different valuation schemes across contexts. Elston and Wallis show this is supported by hippocampal encoding of context that is broadcast to prefrontal value subcircuits via theta synchronization.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"28 2","pages":"374-382"},"PeriodicalIF":21.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-024-01839-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aberrant splicing in Huntington’s disease accompanies disrupted TDP-43 activity and altered m6A RNA modification 亨廷顿病的异常剪接伴随着TDP-43活性的破坏和m6A RNA修饰的改变

IF 21.2 1区医学

Nature neuroscience Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41593-024-01850-w

Thai B. Nguyen, Ricardo Miramontes, Carlos Chillon-Marinas, Roy Maimon, Sonia Vazquez-Sanchez, Alice L. Lau, Nicolette R. McClure, Zhuoxing Wu, Keona Q. Wang, Whitney E. England, Monika Singha, Jennifer T. Stocksdale, Marie Heath, Ki-Hong Jang, Sunhee Jung, Karen Ling, Paymann Jafar-nejad, Jharrayne I. McKnight, Leanne N. Ho, Osama Al Dalahmah, Richard L. M. Faull, Joan S. Steffan, Jack C. Reidling, Cholsoon Jang, Gina Lee, Don W. Cleveland, Clotilde Lagier-Tourenne, Robert C. Spitale, Leslie M. Thompson

{"title":"Aberrant splicing in Huntington’s disease accompanies disrupted TDP-43 activity and altered m6A RNA modification","authors":"Thai B. Nguyen, Ricardo Miramontes, Carlos Chillon-Marinas, Roy Maimon, Sonia Vazquez-Sanchez, Alice L. Lau, Nicolette R. McClure, Zhuoxing Wu, Keona Q. Wang, Whitney E. England, Monika Singha, Jennifer T. Stocksdale, Marie Heath, Ki-Hong Jang, Sunhee Jung, Karen Ling, Paymann Jafar-nejad, Jharrayne I. McKnight, Leanne N. Ho, Osama Al Dalahmah, Richard L. M. Faull, Joan S. Steffan, Jack C. Reidling, Cholsoon Jang, Gina Lee, Don W. Cleveland, Clotilde Lagier-Tourenne, Robert C. Spitale, Leslie M. Thompson","doi":"10.1038/s41593-024-01850-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41593-024-01850-w","url":null,"abstract":"Huntington’s disease (HD) is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the HTT gene, leading to altered gene expression. However, the mechanisms leading to disrupted RNA processing in HD remain unclear. Here we identify TDP-43 and the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) writer protein METTL3 to be upstream regulators of exon skipping in multiple HD systems. Disrupted nuclear localization of TDP-43 and cytoplasmic accumulation of phosphorylated TDP-43 occurs in HD mouse and human brains, with TDP-43 also co-localizing with HTT nuclear aggregate-like bodies distinct from mutant HTT inclusions. The binding of TDP-43 onto RNAs encoding HD-associated differentially expressed and aberrantly spliced genes is decreased. Finally, m6A RNA modification is reduced on RNAs abnormally expressed in the striatum of HD R6/2 mouse brain, including at clustered sites adjacent to TDP-43 binding sites. Our evidence supports TDP-43 loss of function coupled with altered m6A modification as a mechanism underlying alternative splicing in HD. Nguyen et al. identify TDP-43 and METTL3 as key regulators of disrupted RNA splicing in Huntington’s disease, offering insight into how TDP-43 mislocalization and aberrant m6A RNA modification and localization relate to disease pathogenesis.","PeriodicalId":19076,"journal":{"name":"Nature neuroscience","volume":"28 2","pages":"280-292"},"PeriodicalIF":21.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-024-01850-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0