Urgent Problems of Europe最新文献

Role of EU RTA network and anti-crisis measures in overcoming the effects of the pandemic 欧盟区域贸易协定网络和反危机措施在克服大流行病影响方面的作用

Urgent Problems of Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/ape/2022.01.05

G.M. Kalachin, V. Zuev

{"title":"Role of EU RTA network and anti-crisis measures in overcoming the effects of the pandemic","authors":"G.M. Kalachin, V. Zuev","doi":"10.31249/ape/2022.01.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.01.05","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a severe economic and political crisis in many countries around the world. For the European Union,as the most developed integration unit, the damage was profound. Moreover, the failure to provide a coordinated policy at the initial pandemic stage raised the question of the advisability of the existence of the Union as such. Nevertheless, EU countries and institutions have managed to overcome many contradictions and formulate common responses, some of them were unprecedented both in nature and funding. This article aims to identify the main elements of the EU policy to combat and overcome the current crisis. At the same time, the EU network of regional trade agreements (RTAs) is considered as an important element of anti-crisis policy in trade in goods, and the quarterly dynamics of EU trade with RTA partners and third countries is also analyzed. The results demonstrate that European institutions use the pandemic to catalyze profound transformations of the EU economy. Main directions are digitalization and «green economy». At the same time, the RTA network should be considered as an autonomous EU anti-crisis tool, since trade with RTA partners recovered to pre-crisis (2018) levels much faster than with other countries.","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117153940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Ukraine and NATO: Problems and prospects 乌克兰与北约:问题与前景

Urgent Problems of Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/ape/2019.03.05

V. Babenko, I. Ran

引用次数: 0

France in the era of global transformations 处于全球变革时代的法国

Urgent Problems of Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/ape/2021.03.01

N. Lapina

{"title":"France in the era of global transformations","authors":"N. Lapina","doi":"10.31249/ape/2021.03.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2021.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"Since joining the current stage of globalization, France has changed considerably. Shifts occurred in all spheres of society, but they were not synchronous. The most dynamic area – the economy-was the fastest to «react» to France's entry into the global economy. In the social sphere, the changes were slower than in the economy, but they were very profound: they affected the working class, employees, and the middle classes, which were numerically reduced and fragmented. In the mid-1990 s, France's foreign policy began to adapt to the new world order that emerged as a result of the collapse of the USSR. This forced the French political class to reconsider its foreign policy attitudes and «to make lower its ambitions». By the second decade of the twenty-first century, the political landscape of the country had changed: traditional parties had collapsed, and radical populist parties and movements («Unconquered France» of J.-L. Melenchon and «National Union» of M. Le Pen) had become stronger on the left and right flanks. Against the background of these large-scale changes, social protest movements have emerged and intensified in France; the split between society and the elites has acquired unprecedented proportions. To these trends and phenomena, the coronavirus pandemic has been added, which poses a huge number of problems for the country's authorities to solve.","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115090567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

FORM AND IMAGE OF AMERICAN DEMOCRACY UNDER J. BIDEN ADMINISTRATION ADMINISTRATION 拜登执政时期美国民主的形态与形象

Urgent Problems of Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/ape/2023.01.03

引用次数: 0

The impact of the pandemic on the economy and internal political struggle in France 疫情对法国经济和国内政治斗争的影响

Urgent Problems of Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/ape/2022.01.08

V. Chernega

{"title":"The impact of the pandemic on the economy and internal political struggle in France","authors":"V. Chernega","doi":"10.31249/ape/2022.01.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.01.08","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the modalities of the French authorities’ fight against the coronavirus pandemic, as well as the impact of the latter on the economic and political situation in the country. As in many other countries, President E. Macron and the government were forced to maneuver between the need to save lives, avoid an excessive burden on the health care system and prevent a catastrophic deterioration in the economy. The head of state, in addition, had to think about the prospects for his re-election in the presidential elections in 2022. Ultimately, a strategy was chosen that combined a some departure from the previous, tough «regime of isolation» with massive state support for the economy and vulnerable social groups. The author shows that although the pandemic crisis hit many economic sectors and caused a certain aggravation of social inequality, the drop in GDP and the growth of social tension turned out to be less than predicted at its initial stage. The pandemic also «muffled» the internal political struggle. The protest movements (especially the movement of the «yellow vests»), which shook the country in 2018–2019 and dramatically affected the personal rating of E. Macron, generally came to naught. The popularity of the head of state in 2020–2021 has slightly increased, which leaves him a chance in the upcoming struggle for re-election, but does not guarantee it.","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122653641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The evolution of German political-military establishment in current stage 德国政治军事体制在现阶段的演变

Urgent Problems of Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/APE/2019.02.08

P. Trunov, I. Ran

引用次数: 0

Franco-Russian relations: What lies ahead? 法俄关系:前景如何?

Urgent Problems of Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/ape/2021.03.11

Arnaud Dubien

{"title":"Franco-Russian relations: What lies ahead?","authors":"Arnaud Dubien","doi":"10.31249/ape/2021.03.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2021.03.11","url":null,"abstract":"Franco-Russian relations throughout history have been characterized by ups and downs. Twice in history, our countries were allies – during the First and Second World Wars. At other times, the relationship between them was clouded by tensions and wars. Despite the periodic cooling, the cultural dialogue remained constant. This logic has been preserved in our time. The rapprochement between France and Russia during the rule of J. Chirac was quite unexpected. «Atlantist» N. Sarkozy, who was viewed in the Russian Federation as an adversary, took an active part in resolving the Russian-Georgian conflict, and his Prime Minister F. Fillon was even called a «friend» of V.V. Putin. The presidency of N. Sarkozy ended with the signing of an agreement on the deal of the French aircraft carriers Mistral to Russia. In the presidential campaign of E. Macron, Russia did not occupy an important place. Despite this, V.V. Putin became one of the first heads of state who paid an official visit to France immediately after the election of E. Macron. There are constant contacts between the leaders of the two countries. There is cooperation between the countries in the field of security and the fight against terrorism; there are economic relations; cultural dialogue is developing. However, there are no major breakthroughs and most likely they should not be expected in the near future. In an interview with the director of the French-Russian analytical center «Observo» Arnaud Dubien given to N.Yu. Lapina, the specifics of relations between the two countries and the difficulties that arise along the way are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114447428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

«Texas hold’em»: transition from the strategic stability matrix to the new framework of the world order 《德州扑克》:从战略稳定矩阵到世界秩序新框架的过渡

Urgent Problems of Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/ape/2022.01.02

T. Arzamanova

{"title":"«Texas hold’em»: transition from the strategic stability matrix to the new framework of the world order","authors":"T. Arzamanova","doi":"10.31249/ape/2022.01.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.01.02","url":null,"abstract":"The pandemic of COVID-19 became the real catalyst of global changes, having had the strongest impact on all aspects of activity, from the relationship between individuals and between society and the state to the formation of a new world order. Global inequalities have increased, including the lack of equitable access to vaccines against COVID-19, which, with competing systems competing for reputational gain, acquire the status of hybrid weapons. With regard to the emerging world order, it can already be stated that it is distinctly asymmetric and difficult to predict: the basic characteristics are global uncertainty, a large number of new world actors, including off-system players, nonlinearity, randomness and fragmentation. The author suggests that the arms control agenda is gradually losing its defining character for international relations: the principle of strategic stability ceases to be the basis of the world order. The growing tension in relations between Russia and the West is taking place against the background of a Washington-inspired unified position of the «collective West» that Russia will have to deal with, at least in the short to medium term. The basis of this position is a bet on a large-scale deterrence of Russia with the possibility of maintaining a targeted dialogue on a limited range of issues.","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116606953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SHADOW OF BUDAPEST AT BALHAUSPLATZ: AUSTRIA BETWEEN LIBERAL DEMOCRACY AND "ORBANIZATION" 布达佩斯的影子在巴尔豪斯广场:自由民主与“组织”之间的奥地利

Urgent Problems of Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/ape/2023.01.06

引用次数: 0

Modern approaches of the European Union to creating own armed its forces 欧盟建立自己的武装力量的现代方法

Urgent Problems of Europe Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.31249/ape/2020.04.04

A. Manoilo

{"title":"Modern approaches of the European Union to creating own armed its forces","authors":"A. Manoilo","doi":"10.31249/ape/2020.04.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2020.04.04","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the basic principles, stages and features of the formation of a new type of armed forces in the European Union – the pan-European army of the EU. It is noted that over the entire period of its existence, the European Union has not been able to form its own army, although attempts to implement this project have been made repeatedly – in 1999, 2003, 2004, and possibly in 2018 (in connection with the implementation of the EU program of ongoing structured cooperation PESCO). Initially, the European army was supposed to be equipped with units of all combat arms (from aviation to naval ships); its number at the initial stage should have been at least 50–60 thousands military personnel (then it was planned to increase its number to one hundred and even one hundred and fifty thousand people). However, to date, all that the EU has to intervene in armed conflicts is the multinational EU rapid reaction force, consisting of several battalion tactical groups of 1,500 persons each. These forces showed themselves quite well during the EU military operations in the Balkans, the Middle East and Africa (Somalia, Mali, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Sudan, Central African Republic), but they are clearly not in the full-fledged army of the European Union or even its core pulling. To compensate for these shortcomings, the PESCO program was launched in March 2018, but after two years of its implementation, the results of this program are rather modest. A good effect was achieved only in the field of «military mobility» (logistics); but on the fulfillment of a number of «obligations» of the countries participating in this program, the European Council does not even have rough information (countries refuse to give it).","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129334671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0