Urgent Problems of Europe最新文献

{"title":"France’s fight against islamist terrorism","authors":"V. Chernega","doi":"10.31249/ape/2021.04.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2021.04.06","url":null,"abstract":"The articles explores internal and external factors explaining the emergencе of the islamist terrorism on the French soil as well as the modalities of the French authorities’ fight with it. In connection with the fact that most terrorists were born and grew up in France, special attention is paid to the problem of the Muslim community, the largest in Europe. An objective contradiction is noted between the desire of the majority of Muslims to preserve religious traditions and de facto atheistic French society. Coupled with the problems of poverty and social exclusion, this creates favorable conditions for the activities of Islamic fundamentalists, including militant, who seek to radicalize Muslim youth and promote the idea of jihad. The attempts of the authorities to oppose them with «French Islam», which would be compatible with the liberal «republican values» and the secular State, are showed. Measures to prevent radicalization of young Muslims are considered. At the same time, the article analyzes the efforts of the authorities to prevent terrorist attacks with the help of security structures, by tightening control over citizens, mobilizing local governments, forming a «culture of security» throughout the whole society. The fight of France against jihadism outside of its borders, namely in the Sahel region in Africa, is touched upon.","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"917 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126984385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waiting for 2022: strategy and tactics of the French party «Europe. Ecology – The Greens»","authors":"Galina N. Kaninskaya","doi":"10.31249/ape/2021.03.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2021.03.09","url":null,"abstract":"Political ecology entered the history of the Fifth Republic in France relatively recently, since 1974, when the candidate of «The Greens» party R. Dumont took part in the first round of presidential elections. From that moment until the emergence of the modern party «Europe. Ecology – The Greens», political ecology went through several organizational stages, each with one of the most important issues for «The Greens» was the electoral strategy and tactics, invariably associated with positioning on the political scene. In essence, «The Greens» parties always face an alternative choice: to act in joint electoral lists with the socialists or to present their own autonomous lists at all levels of elections. With that, there is no doubt that French ecologists make up the left of the political spectrum. And for a long time, French ecologists were much more successful separately from the socialists in the European elections to the European Parliament (EP). The French «Greens» were particularly successful in the 2019 EP elections, after the creation in 2010 of a kind of «political cooperative» in the form of the party «Europe. Ecology – The Greens». The article is devoted to the situation in and political role of the French party «Europe. Ecology – The Greens» (EELV). The party's activity is analyzed since the European Parliament elections in 2019. The reasons for the success of the ecologist party in the municipal elections of 2020 and the results of the elections to the senate of the Fifth Republic on 27 th September, 2020 are also considered. An explanation is given for the phenomenon of the growing popularity of the ecological movement in contemporary France, it is shown what impact the problem of climate warming and problem of environment’s deterioration, and also what adjustments have the COVID-19 pandemic made on the electoral process. The article examines how the EELV is preparing to perform in the upcoming presidential and parliamentary elections in 2022, examines the political programs of the main candidates, and assesses the prospects of the ecologist party for uniting «progressive forces» behind itself and its relationships with other left-wing parties within the framework of the «two concentric circles» tactic. Some doubts were expressed about EELV’s willingness to lead the highest echelons of power.","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"476 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116189382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems and prospects of the interaction of Germany and the USA in the politico-military sphere under D. Trump’s administration","authors":"P. Trunov, I. Ran","doi":"10.31249/APE/2019.01.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/APE/2019.01.07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115544833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"British Euroscepticism: The definition and main factors","authors":"R. Blagoveshchenskiy","doi":"10.31249/ape/2019.01.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2019.01.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116585348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key tasks for preserving and strengthening strategic stability","authors":"A. Nikitin, Evgeniy Zvedre","doi":"10.31249/APE/2019.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/APE/2019.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130197477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The world in a pandemic : main features of the world economy and the strategies of great powers","authors":"M. Bratersky","doi":"10.31249/ape/2022.01.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.01.01","url":null,"abstract":"Планета живет в условиях пандемии COVID-19 уже два года, за это время (на начало декабря 2021 г.) в мире заразились 267 183 734 человека, умерли 5 271 698 че- ловек, было введено 8 251 093 090 доз вакцин [WHO coronavirus..., 2021]. Это не самый страшный случай пандемии в истории современной цивилизации : от «испанского гриппа» в 1918–1919 гг. умерли, по оценкам, от 17,4 млн до 100 млн человек [Spreeuwenberg, Kroneman, Paget, 2018], хотя отдельные страны, например Соединенные Штаты, в этот раз пострадали больше, чем при эпидемии «испанки». Что действительно отличает пандемию, начавшуюся в 2019 г., от пандемии, свирепствовавшей веком раньше, так это ее политические и экономические последствия, острая реакция на нее государств и международного капитала, ее разрушительное воздействие на мировую и национальные экономики, а также смена либерального внутреннего и внешнего курса многими государствами на достаточно жесткий, если не авторитарный. Настоящая статья предлагает общий обзор влияния пандемии на мировую экономику с акцентом на наиболее пострадавшие от эпидемии сектора. Вместе с тем делается попытка проанализировать стратегии развития великих держав, скорректированные с учетом влияния пандемии.","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121714967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"«European project» by Emmanuel Macron and Eastern European Member States of the EU","authors":"V. Chernega","doi":"10.31249/ape/2022.02.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.02.05","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the attempts of French president Emmanuel Macron to promote his «European project», which implies the achievement of the «sovereignty» by the Union in the industrial, scientific and technological, food and defense fields, and the attitude of the Eastern European states to this project. It is noted that thanks to the cautious but real support of Germany under A. Merkel, he managed to achieve some success. The new Chancellor O. Scholz is also generally committed to «European integration», particularly in the economic sphere. But the idea of a «European autonomous defense», advocated by E. Macron, does not arouse enthusiasm among the German elites, since after J. Biden comes to power in the United States, they are counting on the restoration of the old transatlantic ties. For this reason, progress in this direction is questionable.However, the main difficulties in the implementation on the «project» of E. Macron are linked to the ambiguous position of the Eastern European EU Member States. Although not all of these states are members of the «Eurozone» or the Schengen agreements, generally they follow the course of common economic integration. At the same time, they critically perceive the concept of «multi-speed Europe», promoted by E. Macron, and hostilely – the idea that the French-German «tandem» should become the «motor» of the integration process. The author also recalls their stubborn resistance to the implementation of a common migration policy. But France’s Eastern European partners are especially wary or even hostile towards E. Macron’s initiatives aimed at promoting the above-mentioned «European autonomous defense». They fear that the implementation of such initiatives will contribute to the weakening of the NATO bloc, which they see as the most important guarantee of their security in the face of the «Russian threat». Obviously, their attitude will continue to have a negative impact on the prospects for such a «European autonomous defense».","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117256393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International relations in Eastern Europe: problems, approaches and research limits","authors":"T. Parkhalina, S. Romanenko","doi":"10.31249/ape/2022.02.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.02.01","url":null,"abstract":"The editors of the introduction substantiate the themes, problems,and methodology of the study of the development of international relations in Eastern Europe. The authors justify the chronological framework of the research, the topics and problems, the structure of the materials, the general characteristics of the sources used by the authors, and gives a description of the research methods. The authors' team consists of representatives of various disciplines – historians, internationalists, political scientists, diplomats, working both in research institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences and in scientific and pedagogical institutions. The focus is on the period 2014–2021 – the turn in relations between Russia and the West (NATO and the EU), including the countries of Central-Eastern and South-Eastern Europe, due to the conflict between Russia and Ukraine up to the sharp aggravation of relations at the regional and global levels, which manifested and, in part, the cause of which was the Russian military operation on the territory of Ukraine on February 24, 2022. The studies included in this issue are written on the basis of different types of sources – official documents (international treaties, declarations, diplomatic and political documents of Russia, EU and NATO, Central Eastern and South-Eastern European countries, media materials, journalism, scientific and analytical works. On the basis of these materials the general picture of the international relations in the East (Central-Eastern and South-Eastern Europe) during the specified period is created, the essence of various forms of interaction of the countries of the region between themselves, with the Russian Federation and the European and Euro-Atlantic structures, and also the essence of global and Eurasian relations is revealed.","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116942249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The process of «Political center» search: New profiles of the German parties and the struggle for the concept","authors":"T. Yudina","doi":"10.31249/ape/2019.04.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2019.04.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124219601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and political role of Germany in the European union","authors":"V. Belov","doi":"10.31249/ape/2019.04.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31249/ape/2019.04.06","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":190632,"journal":{"name":"Urgent Problems of Europe","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126495925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}