Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology最新文献_第7页

IL-11 as a master regulator of ageing IL-11 是衰老的主调节因子

IF 81.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00793-1

Ana O’Loghlen

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Molecular tools for analysing in vivo senescence 分析体内衰老的分子工具

IF 81.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00790-4

Allison B. Herman, Myriam Gorospe

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Mechanism and regulation of kinesin motors 驱动蛋白马达的机制与调控

IF 81.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00780-6

Ahmet Yildiz

{"title":"Mechanism and regulation of kinesin motors","authors":"Ahmet Yildiz","doi":"10.1038/s41580-024-00780-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41580-024-00780-6","url":null,"abstract":"Kinesins are a diverse superfamily of microtubule-based motors that perform fundamental roles in intracellular transport, cytoskeletal dynamics and cell division. These motors share a characteristic motor domain that powers unidirectional motility and force generation along microtubules, and they possess unique tail domains that recruit accessory proteins and facilitate oligomerization, regulation and cargo recognition. The location, direction and timing of kinesin-driven processes are tightly regulated by various cofactors, adaptors, microtubule tracks and microtubule-associated proteins. This Review focuses on recent structural and functional studies that reveal how members of the kinesin superfamily use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to transport cargoes, depolymerize microtubules and regulate microtubule dynamics. I also survey how accessory proteins and post-translational modifications regulate the autoinhibition, cargo binding and motility of some of the best-studied kinesins. Despite much progress, the mechanism and regulation of kinesins are still emerging, and unresolved questions can now be tackled using newly developed approaches in biophysics and structural biology. Kinesin-mediated transport of intracellular cargo depends on finely tuned interactions between kinesin motor domains, microtubules and cofactors. Recent structural and functional insights are uncovering the mechanochemical cycle that drives kinesin motility, as well as the regulatory processes that modulate kinesin activity.","PeriodicalId":19051,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology","volume":"26 2","pages":"86-103"},"PeriodicalIF":81.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The discovery of oncogene-induced senescence 发现癌基因诱导的衰老

IF 81.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00791-3

Akiko Takahashi

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Following the electric current 跟随电流

IF 81.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00781-5

Elias H. Barriga

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Sorting membrane proteins by size in the Golgi 在高尔基体中按大小对膜蛋白进行分类

IF 81.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00783-3

Pauline Kasper, Lisa Heinke

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Roles of chromatin and genome instability in cellular senescence and their relevance to ageing and related diseases 染色质和基因组不稳定性在细胞衰老中的作用及其与衰老和相关疾病的关系

IF 81.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00775-3

Zeming Wu, Jing Qu, Guang-Hui Liu

{"title":"Roles of chromatin and genome instability in cellular senescence and their relevance to ageing and related diseases","authors":"Zeming Wu, Jing Qu, Guang-Hui Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41580-024-00775-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41580-024-00775-3","url":null,"abstract":"Ageing is a complex biological process in which a gradual decline in physiological fitness increases susceptibility to diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders and cancer. Cellular senescence, a state of irreversible cell-growth arrest accompanied by functional deterioration, has emerged as a pivotal driver of ageing. In this Review, we discuss how heterochromatin loss, telomere attrition and DNA damage contribute to cellular senescence, ageing and age-related diseases by eliciting genome instability, innate immunity and inflammation. We also discuss how emerging therapeutic strategies could restore heterochromatin stability, maintain telomere integrity and boost the DNA repair capacity, and thus counteract cellular senescence and ageing-associated pathologies. Finally, we outline current research challenges and future directions aimed at better comprehending and delaying ageing. Heterochromatin loss, telomere attrition and DNA damage induce cellular senescence by eliciting genome instability and innate immunity responses, thereby promoting ageing and age-related diseases. This Review discusses the underlying mechanisms of these processes and emerging cell-senescence therapeutics that target them.","PeriodicalId":19051,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology","volume":"25 12","pages":"979-1000"},"PeriodicalIF":81.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanisms and regulation of substrate degradation by the 26S proteasome 26S 蛋白酶体降解底物的机制和调控

IF 81.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00778-0

Connor Arkinson, Ken C. Dong, Christine L. Gee, Andreas Martin

{"title":"Mechanisms and regulation of substrate degradation by the 26S proteasome","authors":"Connor Arkinson, Ken C. Dong, Christine L. Gee, Andreas Martin","doi":"10.1038/s41580-024-00778-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41580-024-00778-0","url":null,"abstract":"The 26S proteasome is involved in degrading and regulating the majority of proteins in eukaryotic cells, which requires a sophisticated balance of specificity and promiscuity. In this Review, we discuss the principles that underly substrate recognition and ATP-dependent degradation by the proteasome. We focus on recent insights into the mechanisms of conventional ubiquitin-dependent and ubiquitin-independent protein turnover, and discuss the plethora of modulators for proteasome function, including substrate-delivering cofactors, ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinases that enable the targeting of a highly diverse substrate pool. Furthermore, we summarize recent progress in our understanding of substrate processing upstream of the 26S proteasome by the p97 protein unfoldase. The advances in our knowledge of proteasome structure, function and regulation also inform new strategies for specific inhibition or harnessing the degradation capabilities of the proteasome for the treatment of human diseases, for instance, by using proteolysis targeting chimera molecules or molecular glues. Most proteins are degraded and regulated by the 26S proteasome. A balance of specificity and promiscuity underlies substrate recognition and ATP-dependent degradation, which can occur in a ubiquitin-dependent or ubiquitin-independent manner. Recent insights into the mechanisms and regulation of substrate delivery, processing and degradation will inform new strategies for the treatment of human diseases.","PeriodicalId":19051,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology","volume":"26 2","pages":"104-122"},"PeriodicalIF":81.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rise and SINE: roles of transcription factors and retrotransposons in zygotic genome activation 崛起与SINE：转录因子和逆转录转座子在子代基因组激活中的作用

IF 81.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00772-6

Pavel Kravchenko, Kikuë Tachibana

{"title":"Rise and SINE: roles of transcription factors and retrotransposons in zygotic genome activation","authors":"Pavel Kravchenko, Kikuë Tachibana","doi":"10.1038/s41580-024-00772-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41580-024-00772-6","url":null,"abstract":"In sexually reproducing organisms, life begins with the fusion of transcriptionally silent gametes, the oocyte and sperm. Although initiation of transcription in the embryo, known as zygotic genome activation (ZGA), is universally required for development, the transcription factors regulating this process are poorly conserved. In this Perspective, we discuss recent insights into the mechanisms of ZGA in totipotent mammalian embryos, namely ZGA regulation by several transcription factors, including by orphan nuclear receptors (OrphNRs) such as the pioneer transcription factor NR5A2, and by factors of the DUX, TPRX and OBOX families. We performed a meta-analysis and compiled a list of pan-ZGA genes, and found that most of these genes are indeed targets of the above transcription factors. Remarkably, more than a third of these ZGA genes appear to be regulated both by OrphNRs such as NR5A2 and by OBOX proteins, whose motifs co-occur in SINE B1 retrotransposable elements, which are enriched near ZGA genes. We propose that ZGA in mice is activated by recruitment of multiple transcription factors to SINE B1 elements that function as enhancers, and discuss a potential relevance of this mechanism to Alu retrotransposable elements in human ZGA. Although zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is universally required for development, the responsible transcription factors are poorly conserved. In mammalian totipotent embryos, (pioneer) transcription factors of two families co-regulate many ZGA genes by binding to nearby SINE retrotransposons, which thus function as their enhancers.","PeriodicalId":19051,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology","volume":"26 1","pages":"68-79"},"PeriodicalIF":81.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proteoforms: a tale of two (initiation) sites 蛋白质形式：两个（启动）位点的故事

IF 81.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00788-y

Eytan Zlotorynski

引用次数: 0