Nature Reviews Immunology最新文献_第10页

Immune control of brain physiology 脑生理学的免疫控制

IF 60.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-025-01129-6

Mariángeles Kovacs, Amaia Dominguez-Belloso, Samir Ali-Moussa, Aleksandra Deczkowska

{"title":"Immune control of brain physiology","authors":"Mariángeles Kovacs, Amaia Dominguez-Belloso, Samir Ali-Moussa, Aleksandra Deczkowska","doi":"10.1038/s41577-025-01129-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41577-025-01129-6","url":null,"abstract":"The peripheral immune system communicates with the brain through complex anatomical routes involving the skull, the brain borders, circumventricular organs and peripheral nerves. These immune–brain communication pathways were classically considered to be dormant under physiological conditions and active only in cases of infection or damage. Yet, peripheral immune cells and signals are key in brain development, function and maintenance. In this Perspective, we propose an alternative framework for understanding the mechanisms of immune–brain communication. During brain development and in homeostasis, these anatomical structures allow selected elements of the peripheral immune system to affect the brain directly or indirectly, within physiological limits. By contrast, in ageing and pathological settings, detrimental peripheral immune signals hijack the existing communication routes or alter their structure. We discuss why a diversity of communication channels is needed and how they work in relation to one another to maintain homeostasis of the brain. The peripheral immune system communicates with the brain through diverse anatomical routes to shape brain physiology. Here we discuss why such diversity is needed and explore how these routes are leveraged during development and hijacked in ageing.","PeriodicalId":19049,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Immunology","volume":"25 7","pages":"515-527"},"PeriodicalIF":60.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143071406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trained immunity in chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer 慢性炎症性疾病和癌症的训练免疫

IF 60.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-025-01132-x

George Hajishengallis, Mihai G. Netea, Triantafyllos Chavakis

{"title":"Trained immunity in chronic inflammatory diseases and cancer","authors":"George Hajishengallis, Mihai G. Netea, Triantafyllos Chavakis","doi":"10.1038/s41577-025-01132-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41577-025-01132-x","url":null,"abstract":"A decade after the term ‘trained immunity’ (TRIM) was coined to reflect the long-lasting hyper-responsiveness of innate immune cells with an epigenetically imprinted ‘memory’ of earlier stimuli, our understanding has broadened to include the potential implications of TRIM in health and disease. Here, after summarizing the well-documented beneficial effects of TRIM against infections, we discuss emerging evidence that TRIM is also a major underlying mechanism in chronic inflammation-related disorders such as periodontitis, rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, mounting evidence indicates that the induction of TRIM by certain agonists confers protective antitumour responses. Although the mechanisms underlying TRIM require further study, the current knowledge enables the experimental development of innovative therapeutic approaches to stimulate or inhibit TRIM in a context-appropriate manner, such as the stimulation of TRIM in cancer or its inhibition in inflammatory disorders. Besides its beneficial effects against infection, trained immunity has recently been implicated in inflammation-related disorders and is being exploited in cancer immunotherapy. These advances may enable the development of therapeutic interventions to modulate trained immunity towards promoting human health.","PeriodicalId":19049,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Immunology","volume":"25 7","pages":"497-514"},"PeriodicalIF":60.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143071396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Kidney immunology from pathophysiology to clinical translation 肾免疫学从病理生理学到临床的转化

IF 60.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-025-01131-y

Christian Kurts, Sibylle von Vietinghoff, Christian F. Krebs, Ulf Panzer

{"title":"Kidney immunology from pathophysiology to clinical translation","authors":"Christian Kurts, Sibylle von Vietinghoff, Christian F. Krebs, Ulf Panzer","doi":"10.1038/s41577-025-01131-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41577-025-01131-y","url":null,"abstract":"Kidney diseases are widespread and represent a considerable medical, social and economic burden. However, there has been marked progress in understanding the immunological aspects of kidney disease. This includes the identification of distinct intrarenal immunological niches and characterization of kidney disease endotypes according to the underlying molecular immunopathology, as well as a better understanding of the pathological roles for T cells, mononuclear phagocytes and B cells and the renal elements they target. These insights have improved the diagnosis of kidney disease. Here, we discuss new developments in our understanding of kidney immunology, focusing on immune mechanisms of disease and their translational implications for the diagnosis and treatment of kidney disease. We also describe the immune-mediated crosstalk between the kidney and other organs that influences kidney disease and extrarenal inflammation. Kidney diseases affect millions globally. Advances in understanding immunological mechanisms and disease endotypes have enhanced diagnostic accuracy and treatment strategies. Here, the authors review our current understanding of immune mechanisms of kidney disease and highlight the interplay between renal and systemic immunity.","PeriodicalId":19049,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Immunology","volume":"25 6","pages":"460-476"},"PeriodicalIF":60.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomolecular condensates in immune cell fate 免疫细胞命运中的生物分子凝聚

IF 60.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-025-01130-z

Srikanth Kodali, Caroline M. Sands, Lei Guo, Yun Huang, Bruno Di Stefano

{"title":"Biomolecular condensates in immune cell fate","authors":"Srikanth Kodali, Caroline M. Sands, Lei Guo, Yun Huang, Bruno Di Stefano","doi":"10.1038/s41577-025-01130-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41577-025-01130-z","url":null,"abstract":"Fate decisions during immune cell development require temporally precise changes in gene expression. Evidence suggests that the dynamic modulation of these changes is associated with the formation of diverse, membrane-less nucleoprotein assemblies that are termed biomolecular condensates. These condensates are thought to orchestrate fate-determining transcriptional and post-transcriptional processes by locally and transiently concentrating DNA or RNA molecules alongside their regulatory proteins. Findings have established a link between condensate formation and the gene regulatory networks that ensure the proper development of immune cells. Conversely, condensate dysregulation has been linked to impaired immune cell fates, including ageing and malignant transformation. This Review explores the putative mechanistic links between condensate assembly and the gene regulatory frameworks that govern normal and pathological development in the immune system. Recent studies suggest that biomolecular condensates — membrane-less assemblies of proteins and nucleic acids — are involved in regulating gene expression to ensure proper immune cell development. This Review highlights how condensate formation enhances the precision and flexibility of gene regulatory networks that guide fate during both normal and pathological immune cell development.","PeriodicalId":19049,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Immunology","volume":"25 6","pages":"445-459"},"PeriodicalIF":60.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond bacteria: Phanta adds flavour to microbiome profiling with a focus on phages 超越细菌：Phanta以噬菌体为重点，为微生物组分析增添了风味

IF 67.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-025-01138-5

Yishay Pinto

引用次数: 0

An inter-organ neuro–immuno–endocrine circuit for glucose homeostasis 用于葡萄糖稳态的器官间神经-免疫-内分泌回路

IF 67.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-025-01139-4

Kirsty Minton

引用次数: 0

Gasdermin pores on extracellular vesicles spread cell death 细胞外囊泡上的气孔传播细胞死亡

IF 67.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-025-01133-w

Alexandra Flemming

引用次数: 0

‘Transcriptotype’ explains phenotypic variability of inborn errors of immunity “转录型”解释了先天免疫缺陷的表型变异

IF 67.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-025-01134-9

Alexandra Flemming

引用次数: 0

In vivo enhancement of tumour-specific T cells via peptide–MHC-pseudotyped retroviral gene delivery 通过多肽- mhc假型逆转录病毒基因传递增强肿瘤特异性T细胞的体内功能

IF 67.7 1区医学

Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01128-z

Hugo Kwong, Persephone Borrow

引用次数: 0

How macrophage heterogeneity affects tuberculosis disease and therapy 巨噬细胞异质性如何影响结核病及其治疗

IF 60.9 1区医学

Nature Reviews Immunology Pub Date : 2025-01-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-024-01124-3

David G. Russell, Nelson V. Simwela, Joshua T. Mattila, JoAnne Flynn, Henry C. Mwandumba, Davide Pisu

{"title":"How macrophage heterogeneity affects tuberculosis disease and therapy","authors":"David G. Russell, Nelson V. Simwela, Joshua T. Mattila, JoAnne Flynn, Henry C. Mwandumba, Davide Pisu","doi":"10.1038/s41577-024-01124-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41577-024-01124-3","url":null,"abstract":"Macrophages are the primary host cell type for infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in vivo. Macrophages are also key immune effector cells that mediate the control of bacterial growth. However, the specific macrophage phenotypes that are required for optimal immune control of M. tuberculosis infection in vivo remain poorly defined. There are two distinct macrophage lineages in the lung, comprising embryonically derived, tissue-resident alveolar macrophages and recruited, blood monocyte-derived interstitial macrophages. Recent studies have shown that these lineages respond divergently to similar immune environments within the tuberculosis granuloma. Here, we discuss how the differing responses of macrophage lineages might affect the control or progression of tuberculosis disease. We suggest that the ability to reprogramme macrophage responses appropriately, through immunological or chemotherapeutic routes, could help to optimize vaccines and drug regimens for tuberculosis. This Perspective discusses current knowledge of the diverse roles played by different macrophage populations within the Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected lung. The underlying hypothesis is that disease outcome depends on macrophage ontogeny and epigenetic programming, in addition to the immune environment.","PeriodicalId":19049,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Immunology","volume":"25 5","pages":"370-384"},"PeriodicalIF":60.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0