Molecular PlantPub Date : 2025-10-06Epub Date: 2025-09-03DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.08.018
Zhiyi Jia, Weiwei Yu, Xijie Guo, Jianwei Li, Fan Qi, Yayun Zhu, Xinzhong Cai, Xiaoting Li, Ning Li, Hansong Dong, Fucheng Lin, Yan Liang
{"title":"CPK12 decodes effector-triggered calcium signaling and phosphorylates PIP2;1 to facilitate apoplastic ROS transport into the cytoplasm in Arabidopsis.","authors":"Zhiyi Jia, Weiwei Yu, Xijie Guo, Jianwei Li, Fan Qi, Yayun Zhu, Xinzhong Cai, Xiaoting Li, Ning Li, Hansong Dong, Fucheng Lin, Yan Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effector-triggered immunity (ETI) in plants is mediated by intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs), which converge on calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) signaling pathways. However, how NLR-induced Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals initiate downstream immune responses, such as enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, remains largely unclear. In this study, we identified a calcium-dependent protein kinase (CPK) that regulates sustained ROS signaling during ETI. We found that, upon infection with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 (avrRpm1), CPK12 is activated in a Ca<sup>2+</sup>-dependent manner and governs the transport of ETI-ROS from the apoplast to cytoplasm. Both in vitro and in vivo phosphorylation assays revealed that CPK12 phosphorylates the plasma membrane intrinsic protein PIP2;1, thereby enhancing ROS transport and elevating plant resistance to Pst DC3000 (avrRpm1). Taken together, our findings demonstrate that CPK12 deciphers effector-triggered Ca<sup>2+</sup> signals to regulate ROS compartmentalization, establishing a crucial link between NLR-mediated Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling and the spatial control of ROS responses in plant immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":" ","pages":"1724-1741"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145001036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecular PlantPub Date : 2025-10-06Epub Date: 2025-09-08DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.006
Xin Wang, Lingling Ye, Jing Zhang, Charles W Melnyk, Ari Pekka Mähönen
{"title":"Hormonal regulation of cell fate plasticity of xylem-pole-pericycle lineage in Arabidopsis roots.","authors":"Xin Wang, Lingling Ye, Jing Zhang, Charles W Melnyk, Ari Pekka Mähönen","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Arabidopsis roots, xylem-pole-pericycle (XPP) cells exhibit dual cell fates by contributing to both lateral root (LR) and cambium formation. Despite the significant progress in understanding these processes individually, the mechanism deciding between these two fates and its contribution on root architecture and secondary growth remain unknown. In this study, we combined lineage tracing with molecular genetics to study the regulation of fate plasticity of XPP cell lineage. We showed that developmentally arrested lateral root primordium (LRP) that fails to emerge as a lateral root gradually obtains cambium identity, thus contributing to secondary growth. Conversely, procambium identity within XPP cells can be reverted to LR identity when simulated by auxin, a key player in LR development. This competence for auxin-induced LR formation from XPP cells, termed LR potency, however, decreases as the root matures. We found that key cambium regulators play critical roles in shaping LR potency not only by promoting cambium identity and activation but also by inhibiting LR formation. Consistently, corresponding mutants with impaired cambium activity display broader LR potency. Moreover, cytokinins, essential players in cambium development, facilitate the identity transition of LRP to cambium and reduce LR potency through key cambium regulators. Taken together, these findings highlight the inherent fate plasticity of XPP cell lineage and elucidate how plant hormones influence root architecture and secondary growth through balancing the two cell fates of XPP cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":" ","pages":"1759-1776"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145030172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long noncoding RNAs as molecular architects: Shaping plant functions and physiological plasticity.","authors":"Yu-Chan Zhang, Re-Qing He, Yu Cheng, Dong Wang, Federico Ariel, Yue-Qin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as pivotal regulators in gene expression networks, characterized by their structural flexibility and functional versatility. In plants, lncRNAs have gained increasing attention due to accumulating evidence of their roles in modulating developmental plasticity and agronomic traits. In this review, we focus on the origin, classification, and mechanisms of action of plant lncRNAs, with a particular emphasis on their involvement in developmental processes. We also comprehensively analyze the relationship between plant lncRNAs and their responses to environmental stimuli, discussing how environmental cues influence their expressions and regulatory functions. We then highlight the importance of the advanced technologies driving their functional exploration. Finally, we discuss recent discoveries of specific long noncoding transcripts that encode functional small peptides, revealing an additional layer of regulatory complexity to these transcripts. Overall, this review discuss the fascinating relationship between the dynamic transcription of lncRNAs and plant developmental plasticity, as well as environmental responses, and emphasizes the need for further research to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms and exploit the potential of noncoding transcripts for RNA-based strategies in crop improvement and molecular breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":" ","pages":"1643-1671"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecular PlantPub Date : 2025-10-06DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.10.003
Alessandro Siragusa, Francesco Licausi
{"title":"Calcium to the rescue: the Calcium-Calmodulin protein IQD22 enhances fermentation capacity under hypoxia.","authors":"Alessandro Siragusa, Francesco Licausi","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145244827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecular PlantPub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.10.002
Mei Yang, Hao Huang, Chao Xu, Xue Han, Guochen Qin, Le Chang, Fang Lin, Xuncheng Wang, Hang He, Xing Wang Deng
{"title":"Redox-regulated plastoglobule ABC1K1-ABC1K3 kinase complex controls plastoquinone mobilization for chloroplast photosynthetic adaptation to red light.","authors":"Mei Yang, Hao Huang, Chao Xu, Xue Han, Guochen Qin, Le Chang, Fang Lin, Xuncheng Wang, Hang He, Xing Wang Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plastoglobules, lipoprotein particles associated with thylakoid membranes, serve as critical hubs for chloroplast acclimation to environmental perturbations. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying plastoglobules' signal perception and transduction remain poorly understood. Here, we identify a redox-regulated kinase complex in Arabidopsis that mediates plastoglobules' response to red light. Two plastoglobule-localized kinases, ACTIVITY OF BC1 COMPLEX KINASE 1 and 3 (ABC1K1 and ABC1K3), form a dynamic hetero-oligomeric complex essential for maintaining plastoquinone (PQ) pool homeostasis and optimizing photosynthetic efficiency. These kinases dynamically adjust their conformational states in response to PQ redox state changes induced by environmental light conditions. Under preferential photosystem II (PSII) excitation induced by red light, reduced PQ pool initiates a signaling cascade through activation of the thylakoid oxidoreductase LUMEN THIOL OXIDOREDUCTASE 1 (LTO1). Activated LTO1 then oxidizes ABC1K1 at Cys107, triggering its oligomerization via inter-molecular disulfide bond formation. This oligomeric state change leads to enhanced interaction between ABC1K1 and ABC1K3 oligomers, reconfiguring the kinase complex to relieve ABC1K3-mediated inhibition of PQ mobilization. Consequently, by restoring PQ pool homeostasis, the ABC1K1-ABC1K3 complex mitigates PSII photodamage and safeguards photosynthesis, thereby enabling chloroplast adaptation to red light. Thus, our findings reveal a redox regulation mechanism by which plastoglobules integrate environmental cues with chloroplast homeostasis, providing new insights into plastoglobule-mediated stress acclimation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecular PlantPub Date : 2025-10-04DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.10.001
Vasiliki Zacharaki, Marti Quevedo, Sarah Muniz Nardeli, Shiv Kumar Meena, Elena Monte, Peter Kindgren
{"title":"Convergent antisense transcription primes hosting genes for stress responsiveness in plants.","authors":"Vasiliki Zacharaki, Marti Quevedo, Sarah Muniz Nardeli, Shiv Kumar Meena, Elena Monte, Peter Kindgren","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants need to constantly surveil their surroundings to adapt to environmental fluctuations, which they achieve primarily through transcriptional reprogramming. Thus, plants are excellent models for identifying novel transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. Here, we characterize regulation conveyed by long non-coding transcription that initiates on the complementary strand in the 5'-end of coding genes (Convergent Antisense transcription (CASt)). In Arabidopsis, CASt is associated with stress-responsive genes that are highly expressed. Our analysis shows that CASt depends on a specific gene architecture that is evolutionarily conserved in higher plants. CASt is present in genes with an extended first intron and over-represented in genes with a transporter function in Arabidopsis, such as the AAP transporter family. Experimental evidence points to a role for CASt in priming their host genes for stress-responsiveness in evolutionary divergent plant species. Furthermore, we were able to predict stress responsiveness in AAP rice genes based on the presence of a long first intron and CASt. Overall, we show an evolutionary strategy and regulatory mechanism specific to plants for enhancing stress responsiveness through modification of gene architecture and antisense transcription.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecular PlantPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.022
Se-Hwa Lee, Tae-Wuk Kim
{"title":"The fate of SMXLs at the crossroads of phosphorylation and ubiquitination.","authors":"Se-Hwa Lee, Tae-Wuk Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecular PlantPub Date : 2025-10-01DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.021
Qia Wang, Ye Ye, Lulu Wang, Yanlong Guan, Shuanghua Wang, Zhe Wang, Hang Sun, Steven M Smith, Jinling Huang
{"title":"Independent horizontal transfer of genes encoding α/β-hydrolases with strigolactone binding and hydrolytic activities from bacteria to fungi and plants.","authors":"Qia Wang, Ye Ye, Lulu Wang, Yanlong Guan, Shuanghua Wang, Zhe Wang, Hang Sun, Steven M Smith, Jinling Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2025.09.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strigolactones (SLs) are not only phytohormones that influence multiple aspects of plant growth and development, but also signaling molecules for interactions between plants and certain fungi or bacteria. In plants, the SL receptor is an α/β-hydrolase (ABH) encoded by the D14/KAI2 gene family, which is known to be derived from proteobacterial RsbQ through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). In the phytopathogenic fungus Cryphonectria parasitica, another ABH named CpD14 was found to possess SL binding and hydrolytic activities and mediate SL responses, exhibiting potential SL perception functions. Here, we demonstrate that CpD14 and its homologs in Leotiomyceta fungi were derived from actinobacteria through an independent HGT event, forming a distinct CpD14-like (CDL) family across fungi and bacteria. X-ray crystallography and structural analyses reveal that actinobacterial and fungal CDL proteins share a conserved core 'α/β fold' domain with D14/KAI2/RsbQ but possess a unique lid domain. Biochemical assays show that both actinobacterial CDL and proteobacterial RsbQ can recognize and hydrolyze SLs, suggesting that they are pre-adapted for SL responses and potential perception. Plant D14/KAI2 and fungal CDL proteins retained these functional activities while evolving distinct ligand specificities for SL structural variants. This work reveals that independent HGT events from two bacterial groups apparently provided plants and their interacting fungi with pre-adapted ABH proteins which were deployed for SL perception or responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":19012,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}