Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions最新文献

{"title":"Michael Mishkind: MPMI Community Builder.","authors":"Jeff Dangl, Guo-Liang Wang, Brad Day, Nicole Donofrio","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-01-25-0011-LE","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-01-25-0011-LE","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"6-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualizing Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Protein Localization: Cross-Kingdom Comparisons of Protein-Protein Interactions.","authors":"K M Martin, Y Chen, M A Mayfield, M Montero-Astúa, A E Whitfield","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-09-24-0108-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-09-24-0108-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is an orthotospovirus that infects both plants and insect vectors, and understanding its protein localization and interactions is crucial for unraveling the infection cycle and host-virus interactions. We investigated and compared the localization of TSWV proteins. The localization between plant and insect cells was overall consistent, indicating a similar mechanism is utilized by the virus in both types of cells. However, a change in localization over time was associated with the viral proteins that did not contain signal peptides and transmembrane domains such as N, NSs, and NSm, which only occurred in the plant cells and not in the insect cells. We also tested the localization of the proteins during an active plant infection using free red fluorescent protein (RFP) as a marker to highlight the nucleus and cytoplasm. Voids in the cytoplasm were shown only during infection, and N, NSs, NSm, and to a lesser extent G_N and G_C were surrounding these areas, suggesting it may be a site of replication or morphogenesis. Furthermore, we tested the interactions of viral proteins using both bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and membrane-based yeast two-hybrid (MbY2H) assays. These revealed self-interactions of NSm, N, G_N, G_C, and NSs. We also identified interactions between different TSWV proteins, indicating their possible roles, such as between NSs and G_C and N and G_C, which may be necessary during the replication and assembly processes, respectively. This research expands our knowledge of TSWV infection and elaborates on the intricate relationships between viral proteins, cellular dynamics, and host responses. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"84-96"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of Inheritable A-to-G Transitions Using Adenine Base Editing and NG-PAM Cas9 in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.","authors":"Yi Yun Tan, Yin Yin Liew, Rachelle R Q Lee, Baptiste Castel, Nga Man Chan, Wei-Lin Wan, Yizhong Zhang, Donghui Hu, Persis Chan, Sang-Tae Kim, Eunyoung Chae","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-10-24-0127-TA","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-10-24-0127-TA","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Towards precise genome editing, base editors have been developed by fusing catalytically compromised Cas9 with deaminase components, mediating C-to-T (cytosine base editors) or A-to-G (adenine base editors) transition. We developed a set of vectors consisting of a 5'-NG-3' PAM-recognizing variant of SpCas9 with adenosine deaminases TadA7.10 or TadA8e. Using a phenotype-based screen in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> targeting multiple <i>PDS3</i> intron splice sites, we achieved up to 81% somatic A-to-G editing in primary transformants at a splice acceptor site with NGG PAM, while 35% was achieved for the same target adenine with NGA PAM. Among tested vectors, pECNUS4 (Addgene #184887), carrying TadA8e, showed the highest adenine base editor (ABE) efficiency. With pECNUS4, we recreated a naturally occurring allele of <i>DANGEROUS MIX3</i> (<i>DM3</i>) in two generations, transgene-free, for NGC PAM. We also simultaneously base-edited four redundant <i>DM1/SSI4</i> homologs, encoding nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins, using a single gRNA with NGA PAM targeting the conserved yet functionally crucial P-loop motif of NLR proteins. We found fixation of A-to-G in three NLR genes for all three possible adenine sites within base-editing window 3-9, as the edited genes segregate in T₂. Multigene targeting succeeded in rescuing the previously reported autoimmune phenotype in two generations. Mediating desired ABE on seven NLR genes simultaneously was successful as well; above 77% editing was achieved in six of the seven possible targets in a T₁ plant, with the remaining having a moderately high (32%) editing. ABE application to specifically inactivate functional motifs is anticipated to expedite the discovery of novel roles for proteins. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"30-42"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Profiling of '<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus' in Different Citrus Tissues Reveals Novel Insights into Huanglongbing Pathogenesis.","authors":"Amelia H Lovelace, Chunxia Wang, Amit Levy, Wenbo Ma","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-08-24-0102-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-08-24-0102-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>'<i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus' (Las) is a gram-negative bacterial pathogen associated with citrus huanglongbing (HLB) or greening disease. Las is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) where it colonizes the phloem tissue, resulting in substantial economic losses to the citrus industry worldwide. Despite extensive efforts, effective management strategies against HLB remain elusive, necessitating a deeper understanding of the pathogen's biology. Las undergoes cell-to-cell movement through phloem flow and colonizes different tissues in which Las may have varying interactions with the host. Here, we investigate the transcriptomic landscape of Las in citrus seed coat vasculatures, enabling a complete gene expression profiling of Las genome and revealing unique transcriptomic patterns compared with previous studies using midrib tissues. Comparative transcriptomics between seed coat, midrib, and ACP identified specific responses and metabolic states of Las in different host tissue. Two Las virulence factors that exhibit higher expression in seed coat can suppress callose deposition. Therefore, they may contribute to unclogging sieve plate pores during Las colonization in seed coat vasculature. Furthermore, analysis of regulatory elements uncovers a potential role of LuxR-type transcription factors in regulating Liberibacter effector gene expression during plant colonization. Together, this work provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of the devastating citrus HLB. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"56-71"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142583864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photosynthesis Responses to the Infection with Plant Pathogens.","authors":"Alissar Cheaib, Nabil Killiny","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-05-24-0052-CR","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-05-24-0052-CR","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photosynthesis, the remarkable process by which green plants synthesize nutrients using light energy, plays a crucial role in sustaining life on Earth. However, the effects of pathogens on photosynthesis are not widely understood. In general, a reduction of photosynthesis occurs upon the infection with pathogens. Two main scenarios are responsible for the reduction in photosynthetic capacity. In the first scenario, the pathogen attacks green aerial tissues, such as when caused by fungal and bacterial leaf spots and blights, which affect photosynthesis by destroying green leaf tissue or causing defoliation. This leads to a decrease in the photosynthetic area, ultimately reducing photosynthesis. Interestingly, even when the overall chlorophyll content of leaves is significantly reduced due to pathogen invasion, the remaining chlorophyll-containing leaf area may maintain or even enhance its photosynthetic efficiency. This compensatory mechanism helps mitigate the loss of photosynthetic area. However, the overall yield of the plant is still affected. The second scenario is a reduction in chlorophyll content due to chlorosis, which is characterized by yellowing of leaves. It is a common symptom of plant diseases. It refers to a reduction in the amount of chlorophyll per chloroplast rather than a decrease in chloroplast number. Diseases caused by viruses and phytoplasmas often exhibit chlorosis. While pathogens disrupt photosynthesis, plants exhibit significant adaptations to cope with these challenges. Understanding these interactions is essential for sustainable agriculture and ecosystem health. Thus, in this review, we discuss the effect of several pathogens on the photosynthesis processes and efficiency in detail. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"9-29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liberibacter Turning Citrus into Its Hideout.","authors":"Ruby Tiwari","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-01-25-0007-CM","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-01-25-0007-CM","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":"38 1","pages":"4-5"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143516142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Redox Status-Selective Imaging of Iron in Vegetative and Pathogenic Fungal Cells Using Fluorescent Dyes Synthesized Via Simple Chemical Reactions.","authors":"Lala Aliyeva-Schnorr, Niels V Heise, René Csuk, Holger B Deising","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-09-24-0111-SC","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-09-24-0111-SC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Iron plays a prominent role in various biological processes and is an essential element in almost all organisms, including plant-pathogenic fungi. As a transition element, iron occurs in two redox states, Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺, the transition between which generates distinct reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as H₂O₂, OH^- anions, and toxic OH· radicals. Thus, the redox status of Fe determines ROS formation in pathogen attack and plant defense and governs the outcome of pathogenic interactions. Therefore, spatially resolved visualization of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ are essential to understand microbial pathogenesis. Here, we report a simple method for synthesis of the redox-state-selective dyes pyrene-tetramethyl piperidinyl oxyl (p-TEMPO) and 4-(4-methylpiperazine-1)-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (MPNBD) for fluorescence microscopy-based imaging of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions. Using these dyes, the occurrence and spatial distribution of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions in vegetative and pathogenic hyphae of the hemibiotrophic maize anthracnose fungus <i>Colletotrichum graminicola</i> are shown. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"50-55"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143046939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PP2C Phosphatase Pic6 Suppresses MAPK Activation and Disease Resistance in Tomato.","authors":"Joydeep Chakraborty, Guy Sobol, Fan Xia, Ning Zhang, Gregory B Martin, Guido Sessa","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-10-24-0124-SC","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-10-24-0124-SC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs) are essential for regulating plant immune responses to pathogens. Our study focuses on the tomato PP2C-immunity associated candidate 6 (Pic6), elucidating its role in negatively regulating pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) signaling pathways in tomato. Using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), we observed that treatment with microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs)-flg22 and flgII-28-significantly increased <i>Pic6</i> mRNA levels in wild-type (RG-PtoR) tomato plants. Pic6 features a conserved N-terminal kinase-interacting motif (KIM) and a C-terminal PP2C domain. We produced variants of Pic6 with mutations in these regions, demonstrating their involvements in negatively regulating tomato immunity. <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transient overexpression of Pic6 resulted in enhanced growth of the bacterial pathogen <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pathovar <i>tomato</i> (<i>Pst</i>) strain DC3000Δ<i>hopQ1-1</i> compared with a yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) control. Additionally, Pic6 overexpression inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in response to flg22 and flgII-28 treatments. Importantly, Pic6 exhibited phosphatase activity and interacted with tomato Mkk1/Mkk2 proteins and dephosphorylated them in a KIM-dependent manner. Furthermore, we generated RG-pic6 loss-of-function mutants by CRISPR/Cas9, revealing that the absence of Pic6 heightened MAPK activity and increased resistance to <i>Xanthomonas euvesicatoria</i> strain 85-10 (<i>Xe</i> 85-10) when compared with the wild-type (RG-PtoR) plants. Transcript analyses showed that after flg22/flgII-28 treatment, PTI-reporter genes <i>NAC</i> and <i>Osmotin</i> were significantly upregulated in RG-pic6 mutants in comparison to the wild-type (RG-PtoR) plants. Overall, our findings indicate that Pic6 acts as a negative regulator of MAPK signaling and plays a pivotal role in modulating tomato immunity against bacterial pathogens. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2025 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"43-49"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Phytophthora alni</i> Infection Reinforces the Defense Reactions in <i>Alnus glutinosa</i> - <i>Frankia</i> Roots to the Detriment of Nodules.","authors":"Mathilde Vincent, Hasna Boubakri, Pascale Fournier, Nicolas Parisot, Pierre Pétriacq, Cédric Cassan, Amélie Flandin, Guylaine Miotello, Jean Armengaud, Anne-Emmanuelle Hay, Aude Herrera-Belaroussi","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-12-24-0160-R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-12-24-0160-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Alnus glutinosa</i>, able to establish symbiosis with mutualistic bacteria of the genus <i>Frankia</i>, is one of the main species in European riparian environments, where it performs numerous biological and socio-economic functions. However, riparian ecosystems face a growing threat from <i>Phytophthora alni</i>, a highly aggressive waterborne pathogen causing severe dieback in <i>A. glutinosa</i>. To date, the tripartite interaction between the host plant, the symbiont <i>Frankia</i> and the pathogen remains unexplored but is critical for understanding how pathogen-induced stress influences the nodule molecular machinery and so on the host-symbiont metabolism. In the present study, we aimed to explore for the first time how <i>P. alni</i> affects the overall molecular processes of <i>Alnus glutinosa</i> - <i>Frankia</i> nodules, with a special focus on unraveling the spatial expression of defense mechanisms within these tissues. We conducted a laboratory experiment based on <i>P. alni</i> infection of young <i>A. glutinosa</i> seedlings nodulated with <i>Frankia alni</i> ACN14a, non-infected or infected with the pathogen <i>P. alni</i>. Multi-omics analyses were carried out on nodules (N) and associated roots (AR) of the same plant in order to underline the impact on the nodule molecular processes (i.e. N/AR markers) when the host plant is infected compared to non-infected plants. Our results revealed that <i>P. alni</i> infection modified the molecular nodule processes and induced reprograming of defense-related markers by a shift in associated roots to the detriment of nodules. These findings suggest that <i>A. glutinosa</i> reinforces locally its immune responses in roots but moderates this activation in nodule to preserve its <i>Frankia</i> symbiont.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Transcriptome Reprogramming Induced by the Soybean Cyst Nematode Type 0 and Type 1.2.5.7 During Resistant and Susceptible Interactions.","authors":"Mst Shamira Sultana, Daniel Niyikiza, Tracy E Hawk, Nicole Coffey, Valéria Lopes-Caitar, Alexander C Pfotenhauer, Hana El-Messidi, Chris Wyman, Vince Pantalone, Tarek Hewezi","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-08-24-0092-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-08-24-0092-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, <i>Heterodera glycines</i> [Hg]) is a serious root parasite of soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) that induces extensive gene expression changes associated with pleiotropic biological activities in infected cells. However, the impacts of various SCN Hg types on host transcriptome reprogramming remain largely unknown. Here, we developed and used two recombinant inbred lines (RIL; RIL-72 and RIL-137) to profile transcriptome reprogramming in the infection sites during the resistant and susceptible interactions with SCN Hg Type 1.2.5.7 and Type 0. SCN bioassays indicated that RIL-72 was susceptible to Type 1.2.5.7 but resistant to Type 0, whereas RIL-137 was resistant to both types. Comparative analysis of gene expression changes induced by Type 1.2.5.7 in the resistant and susceptible lines revealed distinct transcriptome regulation with a number of similarly and oppositely regulated genes. The expression levels of similarly regulated genes in the susceptible line appeared to be insufficient to mount an effective defense against SCN. The functional importance of oppositely regulated genes was confirmed using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and overexpression approaches. Further transcriptome comparisons revealed shared as well as Hg type- and genotype-specific transcriptome reprogramming. Shared transcriptome responses were mediated through common SCN-responsive genes and conserved immune signaling, whereas genotype-specific responses were derived from genetic variability, metabolic and hormonal differences, and varied regulation of protein phosphorylation and ubiquitination. The conserved defense mechanisms together with genotype-specific responses would enable plants to trigger effective and tailored immune responses to various Hg types and adapt the defense response to their genetic backgrounds. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"828-840"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}