Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions最新文献

{"title":"Transcriptional Response of <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> Toward Barley Microbiome-Derived Bacteria.","authors":"Komal Pervaiz, Riaz Tabassum, Christina Steidele, Nadja Brender, Evan John, Armin Djamei","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-11-25-0158-FI","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-11-25-0158-FI","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The composition of the plant microbiome is shaped not only by the host plant and abiotic environmental factors, but also by intermicrobial cooperation and competition. Plant pathogens, therefore, must remain competitive within the microbiome to establish themselves within their host niche. <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i>, the blast disease-causing ascomycete fungus, can infect economically important hosts including rice, barley, and wheat. We sought to identify barley-associated bacteria able to antagonize <i>M</i>. <i>oryzae</i> and to characterize the fungal transcriptional responses following confrontation to reveal antimicrobial self-defense mechanisms. From a library of 25 barley-associated bacteria, two strains were identified as moderate and strong antagonists. Through RNA-seq, we demonstrate large-scale transcriptional changes in <i>M</i>. <i>oryzae</i> during their confrontation. Common responses to both strains included an overrepresentation of genes encoding drug efflux transporters, hydrolases, signaling components, DNA repair, and oxidative stress responses. This indicates that <i>M. oryzae</i> prioritizes stress adaptation and detoxification. We did not observe a significant increase in secreted proteins of <i>M</i>. <i>oryzae</i> as part of the common response. However, significant strain-specific changes were observed, indicating that, independent of host plant, specific microbial antagonists are perceived by <i>M</i>. <i>oryzae</i>, leading to altered secretome profiles. Understanding these adaptive strategies provides insight into antimicrobial resistance mechanisms with respective parallels to drug- and fungicide-resistance mechanisms in the medical and agricultural context. Additionally, our study provides potential targets on the plant pathogen side to weaken its fitness within the plant microbiome. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"244-252"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145768651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Broadly Distributed Rhizobacterium, <i>Roseateles chitinivorans</i> P500, Promotes Growth and Systemic Resistance via Jasmonic Acid-Dependent Oxylipin Signaling in Grasses.","authors":"Pei-Cheng Huang, Christopher Q Ngo, Adoriam DeWalt, Michael V Kolomiets, Joseph A Edwards","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-10-25-0142-FI","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-10-25-0142-FI","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Harnessing root-associated microbiomes to promote beneficial microbial compositions could offer a sustainable strategy to increase crop resilience. Major challenges impeding this strategy are the lack of understanding of which native members of the microbiome benefit the host and the molecular signaling events underlying these benefits. In this study, we isolated a strain of <i>Roseateles chitinivorans</i>, RcP500, corresponding to the most abundant bacterial taxon in the switchgrass root microbiome. Inoculation of roots with RcP500 promoted growth and induced systemic resistance (ISR) to Bipolaris leaf spot of switchgrass and closely related <i>Panicum hallii</i>. <i>R</i>. <i>chitinivorans</i> is also highly abundant in the rhizosphere and root microbiomes of maize and rice and enhanced the growth of these two plant species. Furthermore, RcP500 elicited ISR in maize against anthracnose leaf blight and southern corn leaf blight. Bioassays and root metabolite profiling in maize wild-type and jasmonic acid (JA)-deficient <i>opr7opr8</i> mutant plants revealed the requirement of JA-dependent processes in RcP500-elicited synthesis of the JA precursor, 12-OPDA (<i>cis</i>-(+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid), and an α-ketol, 9,10-KODA (9-hydroxy-10-oxo-12(<i>Z</i>)-octadecadienoic acid), two oxylipins previously implicated in ISR signaling. Xylem sap transfusion of RcP500-colonized plants to naïve receiver plants corroborated the role of JA in promoting these signaling intermediates. Whereas root JA synthesis was downregulated upon RcP500 colonization, gibberellic acid was induced, suggesting a potential mechanism behind the simultaneous growth promotion and ISR triggered by this bacterium. Overall, this study identified a novel rhizobacterium with a broad host range that promotes growth and systemic resistance across multiple plant species in a JA-dependent, ketol-driven manner. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"253-264"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145708749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unseen Struggles: How Plant-Parasitic Nematodes Manipulate ROS Signaling in Host Plants.","authors":"Anil Kumar, Chunoti Changwal, Thomas J Baum","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-11-25-0161-FI","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-11-25-0161-FI","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a central role in plant defense, especially during interactions with plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs). These molecules act as early signals that activate immune responses and help reinforce plant cell walls to block nematode invasion. However, PPNs have evolved specialized effector proteins (small, secreted molecules, typically proteins, that enter host cells to directly suppress immunity and manipulate host processes), which they secrete into host tissues and cells to interfere with ROS production and signaling. These effectors can suppress ROS bursts, detoxify reactive molecules, or manipulate host pathways to reduce immune responses. This review synthesizes current knowledge on these effector-driven strategies, from their discovery using advanced genomics to their specific molecular mechanism of ROS suppression. We also explore the critical interplay between ROS signaling and plant hormone pathways during infection and provide an overview of the key techniques used to detect and quantify ROS in plant-nematode interactions. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"158-170"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146132321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WRKY Group I Transcription Factor Regulates a Strictosidine Synthase-Like Gene and Acts as a Negative Regulator in <i>Bacillus cereus</i> AR156-Induced Systemic Resistance Against Tomato Bacterial Wilt.","authors":"Zi-Jie Li, Chen-Yi Wang, Ji-Xiao Yang, Hong-Shan Gao, Jun-Xi Shi, Ting-Ting Zhang, Meng-Yao Dou, Ying Zheng, Dong-Dong Niu, Chun-Hao Jiang","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-12-25-0169-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-12-25-0169-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Induced systemic resistance (ISR) is an essential strategy in biological control. Previous research has shown that <i>Bacillus cereus</i> AR156 can trigger ISR to defend against multiple pathogens, though the underlying mechanisms may vary depending on the pathogen. However, the specific mechanism by which AR156 induces systemic resistance against <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> in tomatoes remains unclear. In this study, we focused on WRKY group I transcription factors and identified WRKY4, which is downregulated by AR156 induction. Further analysis confirmed that WRKY4 functions as a negative regulator in AR156-ISR against tomato bacterial wilt. Experimental results demonstrated that WRKY4 is localized in the nucleus and exhibits transcriptional regulatory activity. Subsequent screening revealed that WRKY4 directly targets the promoter region of the SSL3 (Strictosidine Synthase-Like) gene, which encodes a key synthase for metabolic precursors, and consequently suppresses its expression. Finally, we confirmed that WRKY4 negatively regulates SSL3 expression, contributing to AR156-ISR against tomato bacterial wilt as a key negative regulator. Our research enriches our understanding of the ISR network and provides a theoretical foundation for the biological control of diseases. [Formula: see text] The author(s) have dedicated the work to the public domain under the Creative Commons CC0 \"No Rights Reserved\" license by waiving all of his or her rights to the work worldwide under copyright law, including all related and neighboring rights, to the extent allowed by law, 2026.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"91-101"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146086419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Dual O-Methyltransferase and FAD-Dependent Monooxygenase <i>ESCB3</i> Is Essential for Elsinochrome Biosynthesis and Virulence in <i>Elsinoë arachidis</i>.","authors":"Jingwen Hao, Dan Liu, Siqi Li, Chun Jin, Zibo Li, Jingzi Piao, Rujun Zhou","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-12-25-0170-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-12-25-0170-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The filamentous fungus <i>Elsinoë arachidis</i> is a major foliar pathogen responsible for peanut scab, which is a significant disease affecting commercial peanut cultivation. Elsinochrome (ESC), produced by numerous phytopathogenic <i>Elsinoë</i> species, is a non-host-selective polyketide phytotoxin with strong photosensitive activity and plays a crucial role in pathogenesis on host plants. In <i>E. arachidis</i>, a dual-domain enzyme encoded by the gene <i>ESCB3</i>, containing both O-methyltransferase and a FAD-dependent monooxygenase domain, has been identified. To elucidate the role of <i>ESCB3</i>, the biological function, expression pattern of the ESC biosynthesis gene cluster, and associated metabolomics analyses were investigated in the present study. An <i>ESCB3</i> deletion mutant (Δ<i>ESCB3</i>) was created by targeted gene disruption. Notably, ESC production was completely blocked in the Δ<i>ESCB3</i> mutant, and the expression of ESC biosynthetic genes, except for the polyketide synthase gene <i>ESCB1</i>, was significantly downregulated. Additionally, the Δ<i>ESCB3</i> exhibited heightened sensitivity to multiple stress tolerance compared with the wild type, especially oxidative stress/H₂O₂, highlighting the crucial role of <i>ESCB3</i> in growth, development, and ESC biosynthesis in <i>E. arachidis</i>. Pathogenicity assays revealed a significant reduction in the pathogenicity of the Δ<i>ESCB3</i> mutant, suggesting a possible correlation with the suppressed biosynthesis of ESC. Metabolomic analyses further confirmed that <i>ESCB3</i> is indispensable for the ESC biosynthetic process and acts as a key regulatory factor. Collectively, the results of this study provide significant insights into the molecular mechanisms governing <i>ESCB3</i>-mediated virulence and ESC production in <i>E. arachidis</i>, offering potential targets for disease control strategies in peanut scab. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"127-140"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Players in Plant Immunity Triggered by Diffusible Signal Factor (DSF), a <i>Xanthomonas</i>-Secreted Quorum-Sensing Molecule.","authors":"Durga Bhavani Kb, Dayakar Boddupally, Kamal K Malukani, Gokulan Cg, Yasobanta Padhi, Hitendra K Patel, Subhadeep Chatterjee","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-12-25-0165-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-12-25-0165-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants are constantly exposed to diverse pathogens and have evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms to detect and respond to microbial threats. Pathogen recognition is often mediated by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), such as cell wall components or secreted molecules. Quorum-sensing molecules, secreted by bacteria to regulate virulence factors, are an emerging class of PAMPs that plants can detect as signs of infection. One such molecule, diffusible signal factor (DSF), is secreted by <i>Xanthomonas</i> plant pathogens. Previous studies have shown that DSF induces immune responses in plants such as Arabidopsis and rice. However, the plant mechanisms involved in DSF perception and immune response remain poorly understood. In this study, we performed transcriptome analysis to investigate the molecular players involved in DSF-induced immunity in Arabidopsis. Our findings identified key molecules, including WRKY66, PEPR2, and WAK_PK, as players in DSF-mediated immune responses. However, none of these molecules appears to directly recognize DSF, as mutants still activate DSF-induced MAP kinase signaling. This suggests that additional unidentified receptors or signaling pathways may play a role in DSF perception. Our study elaborates the downstream events of DSF recognition as a PAMP and contributes to the growing body of knowledge on plant immune signaling. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"80-90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defense Recognition of a Stripe Rust Fungal Effector Is Uncoupled from Disease Outcomes in Wheat.","authors":"Eric C Pereira, Bayantes Dagvadorj, Rita Tam, Haoran Li, Danish Ilyas Baig, Mareike Möller, Miraclemario Raphael, Simon Williams, Sambasivam Periyannan, Florence Danila, John P Rathjen, Benjamin Schwessinger","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-11-25-0163-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-11-25-0163-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant resistance (<i>R</i>) and pathogen avirulence (<i>Avr</i>) gene interactions are central to pathogen recognition and disease resistance in crops. Functional characterization of recognized <i>Avr</i> effectors of <i>Puccinia striiformis</i> f. sp. <i>tritici</i> (<i>Pst</i>) lags other key fungal pathogens of wheat. Here, we used a wheat protoplast-based screen to identify <i>Avr</i>/<i>R</i> interactions via the proxy of effector-induced defense responses in a set of diverse wheat cultivars. We identified an <i>Avr</i> candidate, termed <i>AvrPstB48</i>, that triggers defense responses in 16 out of 24 cultivars tested. <i>AvrPstB48</i> is hemizygous, and the <i>Pst</i> genome carries four divergent paralogs within a gene cluster. Analysis of these paralogs revealed partial redundancy in their ability to activate wheat defenses and enabled us to identify a single amino acid in <i>AvrPstB48</i> that is necessary but not sufficient for defense activation. Notably, the activation of defense signaling by <i>AvrPstB48</i> in protoplasts did not directly correlate with disease outcomes. Whole-plant infection assays revealed that some cultivars that exhibited strong defense activation in the protoplast assay are susceptible to the <i>Pst</i> isolate Pst104E137A, from which <i>AvrPstB48</i> is derived. Comparison of the infection dynamics of two wheat cultivars that differ in their <i>AvrPstB48</i> recognition capacity revealed a delay in disease progression in the recognizing cultivar Avocet <i>S</i> compared with the non-recognizing cultivar Morocco. Although correlative only, our observations, combined with other recent reports, support a \"recognize-then-suppress\" model of plant-pathogen interaction in which disease outcomes are driven not only by simple <i>Avr/R</i> interactions but also by pathogen effectors that suppress defense signaling downstream of effector recognition. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"141-152"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145959838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Five Senses: How Do Plant Pathogens Know They Found Their Host?","authors":"Rachel Hammond, Anna Dickinson, Anika Damm, Sebastian Eves-van den Akker","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-10-25-0148-HH","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-10-25-0148-HH","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>All pathogens must sense that they have arrived at their host. This is a necessary part of infection in order to effect the changes in pathogen biology required to progress through their life cycle. How the information that they have arrived is transmitted, and what molecules/media convey the information, is poorly understood. Here, we review recent literature and provide speculation as to how this might happen, by analogy to the five human senses. Our criteria center on natural selection: we consider host-derived signals-in the broadest sense-to be those that carry some information and that can be detected by the pathogen, in principle. For each, we identify supporting literature and speculate on areas of possible expansion. We conclude, on the one hand, that there is a diversity of understudied but compelling signals, but, on the other hand, that not all signals are equal. The magnitude of the response is likely a function of the fidelity of the signal/detection. Although knowledge is currently incomplete, the prospect of understanding perception of arrival at the host may allow us to perturb pathogen perception of the host and thereby thwart this early and fundamental step in pathogen development. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"4-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146142982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secret Weapons in Aphid Saliva: Discovery of a Novel Chitinase-Like Effector Family.","authors":"Sandra V Gomez-Gutierrez, Unnati Sonawala","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-01-26-0010-CM","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-01-26-0010-CM","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":"39 1","pages":"10-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147317727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of Basic Compatibility Through Pathogen Sulfur Scavenging Is Essential for Laurel Wilt Disease Development.","authors":"Joshua L Konkol, Qiang Wang, Jeffrey A Rollins","doi":"10.1094/MPMI-10-25-0141-R","DOIUrl":"10.1094/MPMI-10-25-0141-R","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invasive, lethal tree diseases continue to have devastating effects on forest ecology, commercial timber production, the horticultural trade, and agriculture production. Laurel wilt, caused by the recently introduced fungus <i>Harringtonia lauricola</i>, is one such lethal disease threatening both native ecosystems and avocado production. Previous transcriptomic analyses determined that a massive upregulation of pathogen genes involved in the uptake and metabolism of sulfur compounds occurs during host colonization. The creation of a loss-of-function mutant for pathogen-encoded HlCys3, a bZIP transcriptional regulator of alternative sulfur utilization, abolished colonization and disease. This phenotype was complemented genetically and chemically by reintroduction of the wild-type <i>Hlcys3</i> gene in the mutant and by exogenously supplying methionine during mutant infection, respectively. These findings establish pathogen sulfur metabolism as a basic compatibility factor for this disease. The role of basic compatibility was further explored by establishing the temporal-spatial and morphological dynamics of tree host colonization by <i>H. lauricola</i> in comparison with the nonpathogenic species <i>H. aguacate</i>. The nonpathogen was able to colonize Lauraceae hosts at and adjacent to the inoculation zone, similarly to the pathogen, but was unable to systemically colonize trees. Differences in these colonization patterns were not associated with the timing or magnitude of tylosis development at the infection point. These findings indicate that basic compatibility for niche occupation must be coupled with specific compatibility factors for systemic colonization and symptom development. Determining the universality of these findings in other vascular tree wilting diseases may suggest strategies for mitigating tree mortality in ecosystems and agriculture. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2026 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.</p>","PeriodicalId":19009,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions","volume":" ","pages":"45-61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145708698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}