{"title":"Import mechanism of peroxisomal proteins with an N-terminal signal sequence","authors":"Michael L. Skowyra, Tom A. Rapoport","doi":"10.1038/s41556-025-01662-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01662-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Most proteins imported into peroxisomes use a carboxy-terminal PTS1 signal, which is recognized by soluble receptors that transport the cargo through a nuclear pore-like conduit in the peroxisomal membrane formed by the tyrosine and glycine-rich YG domain of PEX13. The receptors then return to the cytosol through a separate retrotranslocon. Some peroxisomal proteins instead use an amino-terminal PTS2 signal that is recognized by an adaptor called PEX7, but how they are imported is poorly understood. Here we show that PTS2 cargo is moved through the YG phase by PEX7 bound to a receptor. After cargo release inside peroxisomes, PEX7 returns to the cytosol by moving back on its own through the YG phase. The chaperone PEX39 then extracts PEX7 from the phase on the cytosolic side and helps to reload PEX7 with a new receptor and cargo to start another import cycle. Our results provide a comprehensive model of PTS2 protein import.</p>","PeriodicalId":18977,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cell Biology","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Regulation of RIG-I activity by phase separation reveals new therapeutic opportunities","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41556-025-01656-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01656-3","url":null,"abstract":"After virus infection, RIG-I forms disulfide-linked oligomers that are resistant to degradation and able to enter liquid-like condensates, which is necessary for RIG-I-mediated stimulation of type I interferon signalling. RIG-I agonists and antagonists that enhance or prevent formation of disulfide-linked RIG-I oligomers, respectively, confirm that this mechanism is crucial for RIG-I function and could be harnessed to boost antiviral immunity or suppress autoimmunity caused by hyperactive RIG-I.","PeriodicalId":18977,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cell Biology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143926947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Targeting redox-sensitive MBD2–NuRD condensate in cancer cells","authors":"Heyang Wei, Hongdan Zheng, Siqing Wang, Yun Yang, Ruiqian Zhao, Aihong Gu, Ronggui Hu, Fei Lan, Wenyu Wen","doi":"10.1038/s41556-025-01657-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01657-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transcriptional silencing of hypermethylated tumour suppressor genes is a hallmark of tumorigenesis but the underlying mechanism remains enigmatic. Here we show that methyl-CpG-binding domain protein 2 (MBD2) forms nuclear condensate in diverse cancer cells, where it assembles and navigates the chromatin remodeller NuRD complex to these gene loci for transcriptional suppression, thus fuelling tumour growth. Disturbance of MBD2 condensate reduces the level of NuRD complex-specific proteins, destabilizes heterochromatin foci, facilitates chromatin relaxation and consequently impedes tumour progression. We demonstrate that MBD2 condensate is redox sensitive, mediated by C359. Pro-oxidative interventions disperse MBD2–NuRD condensate, thereby alleviating the transcriptional repression of tumour suppressor genes. Our findings illuminate a hitherto unappreciated function of MBD2 condensate in sustaining a repressive chromatin state essential for cancer cell proliferation and suggest an oxidative stress targeting approach for malignancies with excessive MBD2 condensate.</p>","PeriodicalId":18977,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cell Biology","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karlien Van Nerum, Anne Wenzel, Lidia Argemi-Muntadas, Eleni Kafkia, Antar Drews, Ida Sophie Brun, Viktoria Lavro, Annina Roelofsen, Nikolaos Stamidis, Sandra Bages Arnal, Cheng Zhao, Simone di Sanzo, Moritz Völker-Albert, Sophie Petropoulos, Thomas Moritz, Jan Jakub Żylicz
{"title":"α-Ketoglutarate promotes trophectoderm induction and maturation from naive human embryonic stem cells","authors":"Karlien Van Nerum, Anne Wenzel, Lidia Argemi-Muntadas, Eleni Kafkia, Antar Drews, Ida Sophie Brun, Viktoria Lavro, Annina Roelofsen, Nikolaos Stamidis, Sandra Bages Arnal, Cheng Zhao, Simone di Sanzo, Moritz Völker-Albert, Sophie Petropoulos, Thomas Moritz, Jan Jakub Żylicz","doi":"10.1038/s41556-025-01658-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01658-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Development and lineage choice are driven by interconnected transcriptional, epigenetic and metabolic changes. Specific metabolites, such as α-ketoglutarate (αKG), function as signalling molecules affecting the activity of chromatin-modifying enzymes. However, how metabolism coordinates cell-state changes, especially in human pre-implantation development, remains unclear. Here we uncover that inducing naive human embryonic stem cells towards the trophectoderm lineage results in considerable metabolic rewiring, characterized by αKG accumulation. Elevated αKG levels potentiate the capacity of naive embryonic stem cells to specify towards the trophectoderm lineage. Moreover, increased αKG levels promote blastoid polarization and trophectoderm maturation. αKG supplementation does not affect global histone methylation levels; rather, it decreases acetyl-CoA availability, reduces histone acetyltransferase activity and weakens the pluripotency network. We propose that metabolism functions as a positive feedback loop aiding in trophectoderm fate induction and maturation, highlighting that global metabolic rewiring can promote specificity in cell fate decisions through intricate regulation of signalling and chromatin.</p>","PeriodicalId":18977,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cell Biology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marta Torregrossa, Lindsay Davies, Machens Hans-Günther, Jan C. Simon, Sandra Franz, Yuval Rinkevich
{"title":"Effects of embryonic origin, tissue cues and pathological signals on fibroblast diversity in humans","authors":"Marta Torregrossa, Lindsay Davies, Machens Hans-Günther, Jan C. Simon, Sandra Franz, Yuval Rinkevich","doi":"10.1038/s41556-025-01638-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01638-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fibroblasts, once perceived as a uniform cell type, are now recognized as a mosaic of distinct populations with specialized roles in tissue homeostasis and pathology. Here we provide a global overview of the expanding compendium of fibroblast cell types and states, their diverse lineage origins and multifaceted functions across various human organs. By integrating insights from developmental biology, lineage tracing and single-cell technologies, we highlight the complex nature of fibroblasts. We delve into their origination from embryonic mesenchyme and tissue-resident populations, elucidating lineage-specific behaviours in response to physiological cues. Furthermore, we highlight the pivotal role of fibroblasts in orchestrating tissue repair, connective tissue remodelling and immune modulation across diverse pathologies. This knowledge is essential to develop novel fibroblast-targeted therapies to restore steady-state fibroblast function and advance regenerative medicine strategies across multiple diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18977,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cell Biology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Namal Abeysundara, Alexandra Rasnitsyn, Vernon Fong, Alexander Bahcheli, Randy Van Ommeren, Kyle Juraschka, Maria Vladoiu, Winnie Ong, Bryn Livingston, Pasqualino de Antonellis, Michelle Ly, Borja López Holgado, Olga Sirbu, Shahrzad Bahrampour, Hyun-Kee Min, Jerry Fan, Carolina Nor, Abhirami Visvanathan, Jiao Zhang, Hao Wang, Lei Qin, Ning Huang, Jonelle Pallotta, Tajana Douglas, Esta Mak, Haipeng Su, Karen Ng, Kevin Yang Zhang, Craig Daniels, Calixto-Hope G. Lucas, Charles G. Eberhart, Hailong Liu, Tao Jiang, Faiyaz Notta, Vijay Ramaswamy, Jüri Reimand, Marco Gallo, Jeremy N. Rich, Xiaochong Wu, Xi Huang, Michael D. Taylor
{"title":"Metastatic medulloblastoma remodels the local leptomeningeal microenvironment to promote further metastatic colonization and growth","authors":"Namal Abeysundara, Alexandra Rasnitsyn, Vernon Fong, Alexander Bahcheli, Randy Van Ommeren, Kyle Juraschka, Maria Vladoiu, Winnie Ong, Bryn Livingston, Pasqualino de Antonellis, Michelle Ly, Borja López Holgado, Olga Sirbu, Shahrzad Bahrampour, Hyun-Kee Min, Jerry Fan, Carolina Nor, Abhirami Visvanathan, Jiao Zhang, Hao Wang, Lei Qin, Ning Huang, Jonelle Pallotta, Tajana Douglas, Esta Mak, Haipeng Su, Karen Ng, Kevin Yang Zhang, Craig Daniels, Calixto-Hope G. Lucas, Charles G. Eberhart, Hailong Liu, Tao Jiang, Faiyaz Notta, Vijay Ramaswamy, Jüri Reimand, Marco Gallo, Jeremy N. Rich, Xiaochong Wu, Xi Huang, Michael D. Taylor","doi":"10.1038/s41556-025-01660-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01660-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Leptomeningeal metastases are the major source of morbidity and mortality for patients with medulloblastoma. The biology of the leptomeningeal metastases and the local tumour microenvironment are poorly characterized. Here we show that metastasis-associated meningeal fibroblasts (MB-MAFs) are transcriptionally distinct and signal extensively to tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment. Metastatic cells secrete platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) ligands into the local microenvironment to chemotactically recruit meningeal fibroblasts. Meningeal fibroblasts are reprogrammed to become MB-MAFs, expressing distinct transcriptomes and secretomes, including bone morphogenetic proteins. Active bone morphogenetic protein signalling and co-implantation of tumour cells with MB-MAFs enhances the colonization of the leptomeninges by medulloblastoma cells and promotes the growth of established metastases. Furthermore, treatment of patient-derived xenograft mice with a PDGF-receptor-α neutralizing antibody enhances overall survival in vivo. Collectively, our results define a targetable intercellular communication cascade in the metastatic niche to treat leptomeningeal disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":18977,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cell Biology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dohun Kim, Rushendhiran Kesavan, Kevin Ryu, Trishna Dey, Austin Marckx, Cameron Menezes, Prakash P. Praharaj, Stewart Morley, Bookyong Ko, Mona H. Soflaee, Harrison J. Tom, Harrison Brown, Hieu S. Vu, Shih-Chia Tso, Chad A. Brautigam, Andrew Lemoff, Marcel Mettlen, Prashant Mishra, Feng Cai, Doug K. Allen, Gerta Hoxhaj
{"title":"Mitochondrial NADPH fuels mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis and lipoylation to power oxidative metabolism","authors":"Dohun Kim, Rushendhiran Kesavan, Kevin Ryu, Trishna Dey, Austin Marckx, Cameron Menezes, Prakash P. Praharaj, Stewart Morley, Bookyong Ko, Mona H. Soflaee, Harrison J. Tom, Harrison Brown, Hieu S. Vu, Shih-Chia Tso, Chad A. Brautigam, Andrew Lemoff, Marcel Mettlen, Prashant Mishra, Feng Cai, Doug K. Allen, Gerta Hoxhaj","doi":"10.1038/s41556-025-01655-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01655-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) is a vital electron donor essential for macromolecular biosynthesis and protection against oxidative stress. Although NADPH is compartmentalized within the cytosol and mitochondria, the specific functions of mitochondrial NADPH remain largely unexplored. Here we demonstrate that NAD<sup>+</sup> kinase 2 (NADK2), the principal enzyme responsible for mitochondrial NADPH production, is critical for maintaining protein lipoylation, a conserved lipid modification necessary for the optimal activity of multiple mitochondrial enzyme complexes, including the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. The mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis (mtFAS) pathway utilizes NADPH for generating protein-bound acyl groups, including lipoic acid. By developing a mass-spectrometry-based method to assess mammalian mtFAS, we reveal that NADK2 is crucial for mtFAS activity. NADK2 deficiency impairs mtFAS-associated processes, leading to reduced cellular respiration and mitochondrial translation. Our findings support a model in which mitochondrial NADPH fuels the mtFAS pathway, thereby sustaining protein lipoylation and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":18977,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cell Biology","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yupeng Wang, Drew Wilfahrt, Patrick Jonker, Konstantinos Lontos, Chufan Cai, Benjamin Cameron, Bingxian Xie, Ronal M. Peralta, Emerson R. Schoedel, William G. Gunn, Roya AminiTabrizi, Hardik Shah, Dayana B. Rivadeneira, Alexander Muir, Greg M. Delgoffe
{"title":"Tumour interstitial fluid-enriched phosphoethanolamine suppresses T cell function","authors":"Yupeng Wang, Drew Wilfahrt, Patrick Jonker, Konstantinos Lontos, Chufan Cai, Benjamin Cameron, Bingxian Xie, Ronal M. Peralta, Emerson R. Schoedel, William G. Gunn, Roya AminiTabrizi, Hardik Shah, Dayana B. Rivadeneira, Alexander Muir, Greg M. Delgoffe","doi":"10.1038/s41556-025-01650-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01650-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nutrient stress represents an important barrier for anti-tumour immunity, and tumour interstitial fluid often contains metabolites that hinder immune function. However, it is difficult to isolate the effects of tumour nutrient stress from other suppressive factors. Thus, we used a chemically defined cell culture medium based on the metabolomic profile of tumour interstitial fluid: tumour interstitial fluid medium (TIFM). Culture of CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells in TIFM limited cell expansion and impaired CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell effector functions upon restimulation, suggesting that tumour nutrient stress alone is sufficient to drive T cell dysfunction. We identified phosphoethanolamine (pEtn), a phospholipid intermediate, as a driver of T cell dysfunction. pEtn dampened T cell receptor signalling by depleting T cells of diacylglycerol required for T cell receptor signal transduction. The reduction of pEtn accumulation in tumours improved intratumoural T cell function and tumour control, suggesting that pEtn accumulation plays a dominant role in immunosuppression in the tumour microenvironment.</p>","PeriodicalId":18977,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cell Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metabolites in tumour interstitial fluid directly suppress T cells","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41556-025-01652-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01652-7","url":null,"abstract":"Cancers evade immunity in many ways, including by generating a metabolically hostile tumour microenvironment. Exposure of T cells to medium that mimics the metabolome of the tumour microenvironment resulted in potent T cell dysfunction. This dysfunction was induced via both depletion of arginine and exposure to phosphoethanolamine, which is a tumour-abundant metabolite that depletes T cells of diacylglycerol needed for signal transduction after tumour recognition.","PeriodicalId":18977,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cell Biology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143853199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melissa J. Hoyer, Cristina Capitanio, Ian R. Smith, Julia C. Paoli, Anna Bieber, Yizhi Jiang, Joao A. Paulo, Miguel A. Gonzalez-Lozano, Wolfgang Baumeister, Florian Wilfling, Brenda A. Schulman, J. Wade Harper
{"title":"Author Correction: Combinatorial selective ER-phagy remodels the ER during neurogenesis","authors":"Melissa J. Hoyer, Cristina Capitanio, Ian R. Smith, Julia C. Paoli, Anna Bieber, Yizhi Jiang, Joao A. Paulo, Miguel A. Gonzalez-Lozano, Wolfgang Baumeister, Florian Wilfling, Brenda A. Schulman, J. Wade Harper","doi":"10.1038/s41556-025-01670-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-025-01670-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Correction to: <i>Nature Cell Biology</i> https://doi.org/10.1038/s41556-024-01356-4, published online 1 March 2024.</p>","PeriodicalId":18977,"journal":{"name":"Nature Cell Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":21.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}