Nature Reviews Cardiology最新文献

{"title":"Canonical and non-canonical roles of complement in atherosclerosis","authors":"Pasquale Maffia, Claudio Mauro, Ayden Case, Claudia Kemper","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01016-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01016-y","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, and atherosclerosis is the major contributor to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Immune responses have a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, with the complement system being an acknowledged contributor. Chronic activation of liver-derived and serum-circulating canonical complement sustains endothelial inflammation and innate immune cell activation, and deposition of complement activation fragments on inflamed endothelial cells is a hallmark of atherosclerotic plaques. However, increasing evidence indicates that liver-independent, cell-autonomous and non-canonical complement activities are underappreciated contributors to atherosclerosis. Furthermore, complement activation can also have atheroprotective properties. These specific detrimental or beneficial contributions of the complement system to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis are dictated by the location of complement activation and engagement of its canonical versus non-canonical functions in a temporal fashion during atherosclerosis progression. In this Review, we summarize the classical and the emerging non-classical roles of the complement system in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and discuss potential strategies for therapeutic modulation of complement for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In this Review, Kemper and colleagues discuss the canonical and non-canonical roles of the complement system in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and discuss potential new therapeutic strategies targeting the complement system for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":41.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41569-024-01016-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140541372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular disease and cancer: shared risk factors and mechanisms","authors":"Nicholas S. Wilcox, Uri Amit, Jacob B. Reibel, Eva Berlin, Kendyl Howell, Bonnie Ky","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01017-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01017-x","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally, and these conditions are increasingly recognized to be fundamentally interconnected. In this Review, we present the current epidemiological data for each of the modifiable risk factors shared by the two diseases, including hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, smoking, diet, physical activity and the social determinants of health. We then review the epidemiological data demonstrating the increased risk of CVD in patients with cancer, as well as the increased risk of cancer in patients with CVD. We also discuss the shared mechanisms implicated in the development of these conditions, highlighting their inherent bidirectional relationship. We conclude with a perspective on future research directions for the field of cardio-oncology to advance the care of patients with CVD and cancer. Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) have an increased risk of cancer, and patients with cancer have an increased risk of CVD. In this Review, the authors discuss the shared modifiable risk factors and the shared pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the bidirectional relationship between these two prevalent diseases.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":41.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140541402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease by PET imaging","authors":"Alexander Maier, Abraham J. P. Teunissen, Sheqouia A. Nauta, Esther Lutgens, Zahi A. Fayad, Mandy M. T. van Leent","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01009-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01009-x","url":null,"abstract":"Assessing atherosclerosis severity is essential for precise patient stratification. Specifically, there is a need to identify patients with residual inflammation because these patients remain at high risk of cardiovascular events despite optimal management of cardiovascular risk factors. Molecular imaging techniques, such as PET, can have an essential role in this context. PET imaging can indicate tissue-based disease status, detect early molecular changes and provide whole-body information. Advances in molecular biology and bioinformatics continue to help to decipher the complex pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and inform the development of imaging tracers. Concomitant advances in tracer synthesis methods and PET imaging technology provide future possibilities for atherosclerosis imaging. In this Review, we summarize the latest developments in PET imaging techniques and technologies for assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and discuss the relationship between imaging readouts and transcriptomics-based plaque phenotyping. In this Review, van Leent and colleagues provide an overview of current PET imaging approaches for assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, as well as of whole-body PET applications; discuss the link between imaging readouts and atherosclerotic plaque pathology; and highlight promising developments in PET systems and radiotracer synthesis.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":41.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140349569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alain Cribier (1945–2024)","authors":"Martine Gilard, William Wijns","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01019-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01019-9","url":null,"abstract":"Gilard and Wijns reflect on the life of Alain Cribier, who revolutionized the management of patients with valvular disease.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41569-024-01019-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140343390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small extracellular vesicles from the infarcted heart can promote tumour growth","authors":"Karina Huynh","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01022-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01022-0","url":null,"abstract":"After myocardial infarction, the heart secretes small extracellular vesicles with pro-neoplastic properties that can accelerate tumour growth when taken up by cancer cells.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140346303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventional thrombus modification in STEMI","authors":"Jason L. Walsh, Rafail A. Kotronias, Adrian P. Banning, Giovanni Luigi De Maria","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01020-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01020-2","url":null,"abstract":"In ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, the role of interventional modification of thrombi in the coronary arteries before stenting is controversial. However, innovations in stroke intervention have sparked renewed interest in thrombus modification approaches. We discuss current and emerging techniques to extract or disperse thrombi, aiming to reduce downstream embolization, microvascular obstruction and myocardial injury.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140343409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A newly identified gut hormone suppresses cholesterol production in the liver","authors":"Irene Fernández-Ruiz","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01021-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01021-1","url":null,"abstract":"A new study identifies a hormone that is secreted by the gut in response to cholesterol absorption and can inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the liver, which prevents an increase in circulating cholesterol levels.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140318699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author Correction: 2023 World Heart Federation guidelines for the echocardiographic diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease.","authors":"Joselyn Rwebembera, James Marangou, Julius Chacha Mwita, Ana Olga Mocumbi, Cleonice Mota, Emmy Okello, Bruno Nascimento, Lene Thorup, Andrea Beaton, Joseph Kado, Alexander Kaethner, Raman Krishna Kumar, John Lawrenson, Eloi Marijon, Mariana Mirabel, Maria Carmo Pereira Nunes, Daniel Piñeiro, Fausto Pinto, Kate Ralston, Craig Sable, Amy Sanyahumbi, Anita Saxena, Karen Sliwa, Andrew Steer, Satupaitea Viali, Gavin Wheaton, Nigel Wilson, Liesl Zühlke, Bo Reményi","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01018-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-024-01018-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":49.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contemporary pharmacological treatment and management of heart failure","authors":"Biykem Bozkurt","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-00997-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-00997-0","url":null,"abstract":"The prevention and treatment strategies for heart failure (HF) have evolved in the past two decades. The stages of HF have been redefined, with recognition of the pre-HF state, which encompasses asymptomatic patients who have developed either structural or functional cardiac abnormalities or have elevated plasma levels of natriuretic peptides or cardiac troponin. The first-line treatment of patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction includes foundational therapies with angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and diuretics. The first-line treatment of patients with HF with mildly reduced ejection fraction or with HF with preserved ejection fraction includes SGLT2 inhibitors and diuretics. The timely initiation of these disease-modifying therapies and the optimization of treatment are crucial in all patients with HF. Reassessment after initiation of these therapies is recommended to evaluate patient symptoms, health status and left ventricular function, and timely referral to a HF specialist is necessary if a patient has persistent advanced HF symptoms or worsening HF. Lifestyle modification and treatment of comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, ischaemic heart disease and atrial fibrillation are crucial through each stage of HF. This Review provides an overview of the management strategies for HF according to disease stages that are derived from the recommendations in the latest US and European HF guidelines. In this Review, Bozkurt provides an overview of the management of patients with heart failure across the full range of left ventricular ejection fraction, derived from the recommendations in the latest US and European guidelines.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":41.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140294065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing antithrombotic therapy in patients with coexisting cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disease","authors":"Azita H. Talasaz, Parham Sadeghipour, Luis Ortega-Paz, Hessam Kakavand, Maryam Aghakouchakzadeh, Craig Beavers, John Fanikos, John W. Eikelboom, Deborah M. Siegal, Manuel Monreal, David Jimenez, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Lana A. Castellucci, Adam Cuker, Geoffrey D. Barnes, Jean M. Connors, Eric A. Secemsky, Benjamin W. Van Tassell, Raffaele De Caterina, Jacob E. Kurlander, Ali Aminian, Gregory Piazza, Samuel Z. Goldhaber, Lisa Moores, Saskia Middeldorp, Ajay J. Kirtane, Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Dominick J. Angiolillo, Stavros Konstantinides, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Gregg W. Stone, Mary Cushman, Harlan M. Krumholz, Roxana Mehran, Deepak L. Bhatt, Behnood Bikdeli","doi":"10.1038/s41569-024-01003-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41569-024-01003-3","url":null,"abstract":"Balancing the safety and efficacy of antithrombotic agents in patients with gastrointestinal disorders is challenging because of the potential for interference with the absorption of antithrombotic drugs and for an increased risk of bleeding. In this Review, we address considerations for enteral antithrombotic therapy in patients with cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal comorbidities. For those with gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), we summarize a general scheme for risk stratification and clinical evidence on risk reduction approaches, such as limiting the use of concomitant medications that increase the risk of GIB and the potential utility of gastrointestinal protection strategies (such as proton pump inhibitors or histamine type 2 receptor antagonists). Furthermore, we summarize the best available evidence and potential gaps in our knowledge on tailoring antithrombotic therapy in patients with active or recent GIB and in those at high risk of GIB but without active or recent GIB. Finally, we review the recommendations provided by major medical societies, highlighting the crucial role of teamwork and multidisciplinary discussions to customize the antithrombotic regimen in patients with coexisting cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases. In this Review, the authors address considerations for enteral antithrombotic therapy in patients with cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal comorbidities, who often have an increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Approaches include tailoring of antithrombotic regimens and gastrointestinal-protection strategies.","PeriodicalId":18976,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Cardiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":41.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140175663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}