南方医科大学学报杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Dexmedetomidine attenuates heat stress-induced oncosis in human skeletal muscle cells by activating the Nrf2/Ho-1 pathway].","authors":"Yang Liu, Yiqing Jia, Chengcheng Li, Handing Mao, Shuyuan Liu, Yi Shan","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.18","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the protective effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) against heat stress (HS)-induced oncosis in human skeletal muscle cells (HSKMCs) and its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A HSKMC model of HS-induced oncosis were established by 43 ℃ water bath for 4 h, and the effects of treatments with 30 μmol/L DEX, ML385 (a Nrf2 inhibitor) +DEX, si-Nrf2+HS, and si-Nrf2+DEX prior to modeling on cell viability was assessed using CCK-8 assay. Oncosis characteristics were evaluated using transmission electron microscopy and Annexin V-FITC/PI flow cytometry. The oxidative stress markers (GSH, GSH-Px, MDA, SOD and ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential, energy metabolism, and inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β) in the cells were quantified using standard kits, and the expressions of porimin, caspase-3 and Nrf2 pathway proteins were analyzed using Western blotting and qRT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HS induced typical oncotic features in HSKMCs including organelle swelling and cytoplasmic vacuolization. DEX pretreatment significantly attenuated these changes, reduced Annexin V⁺/PI⁺ cell ratio and cellular porimin expression, and lowered the levels of ROS and MDA while restoring GSH and SOD levels. DEX pretreatment also significantly increased the mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP level, upregulated the expressions of Nrf2, p-Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1, and suppressed the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β. The protective effects of DEX were obviously attenuated by interventions with ML385 or si-Nrf2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DEX mitigates HS-induced HSKMC oncosis by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to relieve oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammatory responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 3","pages":"603-613"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological survey of osteoporosis in Beijing over the past decade: a single-center analysis of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans from 30 599 individuals].","authors":"Ying Zhou, Danyang Zhang, Lifan Wu, Guishan Wang, Jiedan Mu, Chengwen Cui, Xiuxiu Shi, Jige Dong, Yu Wang, Wangli Xu, Xiao Li","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.01","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze bone mass distribution and the factors affecting bone mass in a general Chinese Han cohort undergoing physical examinations at our center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively collected the data of bone mineral density (BMD) measurements from 30 599 healthy Han Chinese adults (age≥20 years) who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans at our hospital from July, 2013 to July, 2023. Basic parameters including height, body weight, and gender were recorded, and descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were performed using R software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this cohort, the male individuals had a mean peak BMD of 1.00±0.12 g/cm² in the lumbar vertebrae, 0.94±0.14 g/cm² in the femoral neck, and 0.99±0.13 g/cm² in the total hip, significantly higher than the values in the female individuals [0.99±0.12 g/cm² in the lumbar vertebrae (<i>P</i>=0.022), 0.79±0.11 g/cm² in the femoral neck (<i>P</i><0.001), and 0.88±0.11 g/cm² in the total hip (<i>P</i><0.001)]. In the overall cohort, the BMD values of the lumbar spine and femur decreased with age after reaching their peak levels. There was a positive correlation between BMD value and body mass index (BMI) in both male and female individuals. The 2013-2014 period recorded the lowest BMD values in the lumbar, hip, and femoral neck, which tended to increase steadily in the following years (2015-2023).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our data suggest that the BMD values vary among different populations, and future multi-center studies using more accurate BMD detection technology are warranted to capture the variation patterns of BMD with demographic characteristics of specific populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 3","pages":"443-452"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Risk factors for malnutrition in ulcerative colitis complicated with pyoderma gangrenosum and construction of a lasso regression-based prediction model].","authors":"Lin Shen, Cuihao Song, Congmin Wang, Xi Gao, Junhong An, Chengxin Li, Bin Liang, Xia Li","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.09","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the risk factors for malnutrition in patients with ulcerative colitis complicated with pyoderma gangrenosum and establish a nutritional risk prediction model for these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 277 patients with ulcerative colitis complicated with pyoderma gangrenosum treated from 2019 to 2024 were divided into malnutrition group (<i>n</i>=185) and normal nutrition group (<i>n</i>=92) according to whether malnutrition occurred. The data of 25 potential related factors pertaining to general demography, living and eating habits, and disease-related data were compared between the two groups. Lasso regression was used to screen the risk factors, and a nomogram model was established based on the screened factors and its prediction performance was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients in the malnutrition group and normal nutrition group showed significant differences in 21 factors including gender, age, education level, BMI, place of residence, course of disease, and SAS language score (<i>P</i><0.05). Lasso regression analysis identified 6 factors associated with malnutrition in these patients, namely the duration of ulcerative colitis, activity of ulcerative colitis, duration of pyoderma gangrenosum, number of chronic diseases, SAS score, and sleep quality. The nomogram prediction model established based on these 6 factors had an AUC of 0.992 (95% <i>CI</i>: 0.984-1.000) for predicting malnutrition in these patients, and its application in 14 clinical cases achieved an accuracy rate of 100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The duration of ulcerative colitis, activity of colitis, duration of pyoderma gangrenosum, number of chronic diseases, anxiety, and sleep quality are closely related with malnutrition in patients with ulcerative colitis complicated by pyoderma gangrenosum, and the nomogram prediction model based on these factors can provide assistance for predicting malnutrition in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 3","pages":"514-521"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955897/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for treatment of musculoskeletal disorders in the past decade].","authors":"Liping Fu, Lixia Yuan, Jie Wang, Xuelan Chen, Guizhi Ke, Yu Huang, Xinyi Yang, Gang Liu","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.24","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are characterized by extensive pathological involvement and high prevalence and cause a significant disease burden. Long-term drug administration often causes by adverse effects with poor therapeutic efficacy. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), as a specialized therapeutic modality, delivers acoustic energy at a low intensity in a pulsed wave mode, thus ensuring stable energy transmission to the target tissues while minimizing thermal effects. This non-invasive approach has demonstrated significant potential for MSD treatment by delivering effective physical stimulations. Extensive animal and clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of LIPUS for accelerating the healing process of fresh fractures and nonunions, promoting soft tissue regeneration and suppressing inflammatory responses. Emerging evidence suggests promising applications of LIPUS in skeletal muscle injury treatment and promoting tissue regeneration and repair. This review outlines the recent advancements and mechanistic studies of LIPUS for treatment of common MSDs including fractures, nonunions, muscle injuries, and osteoarthritis, addressing also the technical parameters of commercially available LIPUS devices, current therapeutic approaches, the existing challenges, and future research directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 3","pages":"661-668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[METTL3-mediated m⁶A modification promotes FOXO3 expression and anthracycline resistance in acute myeloid leukemia cells through autophagy regulation].","authors":"Xiawei Zhang, Jingjing Yang, Yanan Wen, Qingyang Liu, Liping Dou, Chunji Gao","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.04","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the role of METTL3 and FOXO3 in anthracycline resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed in anthracycline-resistant and sensitive HL60 and K562 cells with lentivirus-mediated knockdown or overexpression of METTL3 and FOXO3. TCGA and GSE6891 datasets were used for analysis of the clinical and gene expression data of AMI patients. FOXO3 expressions at the mRNA and protein levels in the transfected cells were detected with RT-qPCR and Western blotting, and the changes in cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated using CCK8 assay and flow cytometry; the expression of m⁶A-modified mRNA and mRNA stability of FOXO3 was detected analyzed using MeRIP-qPCR and RT-qPCR. Functional enrichment analysis of the differential genes in the transfected cells was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differential gene analysis in anthracycline-resistant versus sensitive AML cells and in cells with METTL3 knockdown revealed the enrichment in FoxO and autophagy pathways (<i>P</i><0.05), and the anthracycline-resistant cells showed significantly increased m⁶A modification of FOXO3. FOXO3 expression was positively correlated with METTL3 expression. METTL3 knockdown significantly reduced FOXO3 mRNA stability and its protein levels in anthracycline-resistant AML cells, which exhibited higher m6A-modified FOXO3 expression levels than their sensitive counterparts. Database analysis, Kaplan-Meier analysis and RT-qPCR results suggested that a high FOXO3 expression was associated with a poor prognosis of AML patients. In anthracycline-resistant AML cells expressing higher FOXO3 levels than the sensitive cells, lentivirus-mediated overexpression of FOXO3 significantly enhanced cell proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis. Inhibiting autophagy using an autophagy inhibitor (Baf.A1) obviously enhanced the inhibitory effect of adriamycin on resistant AMI cells and cells overexpressing FOXO3.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>METTL3 promotes FOXO3 expression via m6A modification, and FOXO3-driven autophagy contributes to anthracycline resistance in AML cells by enhancing cell proliferation and suppressing cell apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 3","pages":"470-478"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[<i>Akkermansia muciniphila</i> gavage improves gut-brain interaction disorders in gp120 transgenic mice].","authors":"Jiachun Luo, Sodnomjamts Batzaya, Xuefeng Gao, Jingyu Chen, Zhengying Yu, Shasha Xiong, Hong Cao","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.13","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.13","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To explore the effect of <i>A. muciniphila</i> gavage on intestinal microbiota and gut-brain interaction disorders (DGBIs) in gp120tg transgenic mouse models of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Intestinal microbiota was detected by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in 6-, 9-, and 12-month-old wild-type (WT) mice and gp120tg transgenic mice. The 12-month-old WT and transgenic mice were divided into 2 groups for daily treatment with PBS or <i>A.muciniphila</i> gavage (2×10⁸ CFU/mouse) for 6 weeks. After the treatment, immunohistochemistry, ELISA and qPCR were used to detect changes in colonic expression levels of glycosylated mucins, MBP and IL-1β, eosinophil infiltration, serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, and colonic expressions of occludin, ZO-1, IL-10, TNF-α and INF-γ mRNA. Morris water maze test and immunofluorescence assay were used to assess learning and spatial memory abilities and neuronal damage of the mice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with WT mice, the transgenic mice exhibited significantly lowered Simpson's diversity of the intestinal microbiota with reduced abundance of <i>Akkermansia</i> genus, increased serum LPS levels and decreased colonic expression of glycosylated mucin. <i>A.muciniphila</i> gavage obviously ameliorated the reduction of glycosylated mucin in the transgenic mice without causing significant changes in body weight. The 12-month-old gp120tg mice had significantly decreased cdonic expressions of Occludin and ZO-1 with increased eosinophil infiltration and TNF-β, INF-γ and IL-1β levels and obviously lowered IL-10 level; all these changes were significantly mitigated by <i>A.muciniphila</i> gavage, which also improved cognitive impairment and neuronal loss in the hippocampus and cortex of the transgenic mice.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The gp120tg mice have lower intestinal microbiota richness and diversity than WT mice. The 12-month-old gp120tg mice have significantly reduced <i>Akkermansia</i> abundance with distinct DGBIs-related indexes, and <i>A. muciniphila</i> gavage can reduce intestinal barrier injury, colonic inflammation and eosinophil activation, cognitive impairment and brain neuron injury in these mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 3","pages":"554-565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of larval feeding amount on development and deltamethrin resistance in <i>Aedes albopictus</i>].","authors":"Ying Wang, Wengyang Deng, Chaomei Wu, Shihuan Tian, Hua Li","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.06","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate how larval feeding regimens influence development and deltamethrin resistance of <i>Aedes albopictus</i> to provide evidence for standardizing larval feeding protocols in studies of insecticide resistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>Aedes albopictus</i> larvae of a laboratory resistant strain were divided into 3 groups (<i>n</i>=500) and reared with high, medium, and low food availability (100, 50, or 25 mg daily for the 1st and 2nd instars, and 500 mg 250, or 125 mg daily for 3rd and 4th instars). The developmental time, pupation rate, adult emergence rate, adult body weight, and wing length were recorded in each group, and deltamethrin resistance of the mosquitoes was assessed using larval bioassays and contact tube tests for adults.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant developmental differences were observed across the 3 feeding groups. Larval development time decreased as the food availability increased, and both high- and low-food groups showed reduced pupation rates (χ²=16.282, 7.440) and emergence rates (χ²=4.093, 6.977) compared to the medium-food group. Adult body weight and wing length were positively correlated with the amount of larval food intake (<i>P</i><0.05). In high, medium and low food intake groups, larval LC₅₀ values for deltamethrin were 0.110, 0.072 and 0.064 mg/L, adult KDT50 values were 97.404, 68.964 and 65.005 min, and adult mosquitoe mortality rates at 24 h after deltamethrin exposure were 12%, 16% and 19%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The feeding amount during larval stage significantly impacts the development and deltamethrin resistance of <i>Aedes albopictus</i>, suggesting the importance of standardization of larval nutrition for ensuring comparability of resistance test data across laboratories.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 3","pages":"488-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955891/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[<i>Prevotella nigrescens</i> exacerbates periodontal inflammation and impairs cognitive function in mice].","authors":"Qi Chen, Tiantian Xia, Yongqiang Zhou, Mingyang Chang, Nan Hu, Yanmei Yang, Zhong Li, Yue Gao, Bin Gu","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.02","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the effects of periodontitis induced by <i>Prevotella nigrescens</i> (Pn) combined with ligation on cognitive functions in mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into control group, ligation group, and ligation + Pn treatment (P+Pn) group. Experimental periodontitis was induced by silk ligation of the first molars followed by topical application of Pn for 6 weeks. After modeling, alveolar bone resorption was assessed using micro-CT and histological analysis. Learning and memory abilities of the mice were evaluated using open field test (OFT), novel object recognition test (NORT), and Morris water maze test (MWM). Seven weeks after the start of modeling, the mice were sacrificed for examining histopathological changes in the hippocampus using HE and Nissl staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 6 weeks of molar ligation, micro-CT revealed horizontal alveolar bone resorption and furcation exposure in the mice, and histological analysis showed apical migration of the junctional epithelium, epithelial ridge hyperplasia, and lymphocyte infiltration, and these changes were obviously worsened in P+Pn group. Alveolar bone height decreased significantly in both ligation groups compared to the control group. Cognitive tests showed that the mice in both of the ligation groups traveled shorter distances in OFT, showed reduced novel object preference in NORT, and exhibited longer escape latencies in MWM, and the mice in P+Pn group had significantly poorer performances in the tests. Histologically, obvious neuronal cytoplasmic degeneration, necrosis, nuclear pyknosis, vacuolation, and reduced Nissl bodies and viable neurons were observed in the hippocampal regions of the mice in the two ligation groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pn infection aggravates alveolar bone destruction, accelerates necrosis and causes morphological abnormalities of neuronal cells in the hippocampus to reduce cognitive functions of mice with periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 3","pages":"453-460"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[A multi-scale supervision and residual feedback optimization algorithm for improving optic chiasm and optic nerve segmentation accuracy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CT images].","authors":"Jinyu Liu, Shujun Liang, Yu Zhang","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.21","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We propose a novel deep learning segmentation algorithm (DSRF) based on multi-scale supervision and residual feedback strategy for precise segmentation of the optic chiasm and optic nerves in CT images of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected 212 NPC CT images and their ground truth labels from SegRap2023, StructSeg2019 and HaN-Seg2023 datasets. Based on a hybrid pooling strategy, we designed a decoder (HPS) to reduce small organ feature loss during pooling in convolutional neural networks. This decoder uses adaptive and average pooling to refine high-level semantic features, which are integrated with primary semantic features to enable network learning of finer feature details. We employed multi-scale deep supervision layers to learn rich multi-scale and multi-level semantic features under deep supervision, thereby enhancing boundary identification of the optic chiasm and optic nerves. A residual feedback module that enables multiple iterations of the network was designed for contrast enhancement of the optic chiasm and optic nerves in CT images by utilizing information from fuzzy boundaries and easily confused regions to iteratively refine segmentation results under supervision. The entire segmentation framework was optimized with the loss from each iteration to enhance segmentation accuracy and boundary clarity. Ablation experiments and comparative experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of each component and the performance of the proposed model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DSRF algorithm could effectively enhance feature representation of small organs to achieve accurate segmentation of the optic chiasm and optic nerves with an average DSC of 0.837 and an ASSD of 0.351. Ablation experiments further verified the contributions of each component in the DSRF method.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed deep learning segmentation algorithm can effectively enhance feature representation to achieve accurate segmentation of the optic chiasm and optic nerves in CT images of NPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 3","pages":"632-642"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955885/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Cimifugin ameliorates Crohn's disease-like colitis in mice by modulating Th-cell immune balance <i>via</i> inhibiting the MAPK pathway].","authors":"Lixia Yin, Minzhu Niu, Keni Zhang, Zhijun Geng, Jianguo Hu, Jiangyan Li, Jing Li","doi":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.17","DOIUrl":"10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2025.03.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the therapeutic effects of cimifugin on Crohn's disease (CD)-like colitis in mice and its possible mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomized equally into control group, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced CD-like colitis model group, and cimifugin treatment (daily gavage at 12.5 mg/kg) group. The therapeutic effect of cimifugin was evaluated by observing changes in body weight, disease activity index (DAI) scores, colon length, histopathological inflammation scores, and inflammatory cytokine levels in the colonic mucosa. Intestinal barrier integrity in the mice was assessed using immunofluorescence assay and Western blotting for claudin-1 and ZO-1; T-helper (Th) cell subset ratios in the mesenteric lymph nodes were analyzed with flow cytometry. Network pharmacology, KEGG enrichment analysis and molecular docking were used to predict the targets of cimifugin and analyze the key pathways and cimifugin-MAPK protein interactions, which were validated by Western blotting in the mouse models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In mice with TNBS-induced colitis, cimifugin treatment significantly attenuated body weight loss and colon shortening, lowered DAI and histopathological scores, decreased IFN-γ and IL-17 levels, and increased IL-4 and IL-10 levels in the colonic mucosa. Cimifugin treatment also significantly improved TNBS-induced claudin-1 dislocation and reduction of goblet cells, upregulated claudin-1 and ZO-1 expressions, reduced Th1 and Th17 cell percentages, and increased Th2 and Treg cell percentages in the colonic mucosa of the mice. KEGG analysis suggested a possible connection between the effect of cimifugin and MAPK signaling, and molecular docking showed strong binding affinity between cimifugin and MAPK core proteins. Western blotting demonstrated significantly decreased phosphorylation levels of JNK, ERK, and p38 in the colonic mucosa of cimifugin-treated mouse models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cimifugin alleviates TNBS-induced CD-like colitis by repairing intestinal barrier damage and restoring Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg balance via suppressing MAPK pathway activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18962,"journal":{"name":"南方医科大学学报杂志","volume":"45 3","pages":"595-602"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}