{"title":"Serpentine locomotion of a snake-like robot controlled by musical theory","authors":"Zhenli Lu, Shugen Ma, Bin Li, Yuechao Wang","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2005.1545436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2005.1545436","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the structure of both biological snakes and snake-like robots and their rhythmic locomotion, the musical theory is adopted as a control method to study on a snake-like robot. The relation between the rules and symbols of the musical theory and the control process of the snake-like robot is defined in this paper. Thus the data sequence of the relative angles in the serpentine locomotion is melodized. The gait score of the serpentine locomotion is utilized to control a snake-like robot named \"Perambulator-I\". Finally, the aspects of the future researches are discussed.","PeriodicalId":189219,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124686697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Real time planar structure tracking for visual servoing: a contour and texture approach","authors":"M. Pressigout, É. Marchand","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2005.1545223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2005.1545223","url":null,"abstract":"Robustness and accuracy are major issues in real-time object tracking in image sequences. This paper describes a reliable tracking for markerless objects based on the fusion of visual cues and on the estimation of a 2D transformation. The parameters of this transformation are estimated using a non-linear minimization of a unique criterion that integrates information both on the texture and the edges of the tracked object. The proposed tracker is then more robust and succeeds in conditions where methods based on a single cue fail. The efficiency and the robustness of the proposed method are tested on image sequences as well as during an image-based visual servoing experiment.","PeriodicalId":189219,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125137446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distributed multi-robot coalitions through ASyMTRe-D","authors":"Fang Tang, L. Parker","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2005.1545216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2005.1545216","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a distributed reasoning system, called ASyMTRe-D, which enables a team of robots to form coalitions to accomplish a multi-robot task through tightly-coupled sensor sharing. The theoretical foundation of the negotiation protocol is ASyMTRe, an approach we developed previously to synthesize task solutions according to the task requirements and the team composition. The goal of the ASyMTRe approach is to increase the task solution capabilities of heterogeneous multi-robot teams by changing the fundamental abstraction from the typical \"task\" abstraction to a \"schema\" abstraction and automatically reconfigure the schemas to address the task at hand. The decision-making in this prior work was fully centralized; the current paper presents a distributed version of this approach based on the contract net protocol, which can achieve higher levels of robustness than the centralized version. The purpose here is not to improve the original protocol, but to apply it to our problem so that the autonomous task solution capabilities of robots can be achieved in a distributed manner. Simulation results are provided to validate the protocol with performance analysis. Finally, we compare ASyMTRe-D with the centralized ASyMTRe. Our future objective is to enable the human designer to specify the desired balance between solution quality and robustness, enabling the reasoning approach to invoke the appropriate level of information-sharing among robots to reach the specified solution characteristics.","PeriodicalId":189219,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129668294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dependable localization strategy in dynamic real environments","authors":"Dongheui Lee, W. Chung","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2005.1545088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2005.1545088","url":null,"abstract":"Due to dynamic changes of an environment and various kinds of uncertainties in a real world, mobile robot localization is difficult to be solved by a single continuous algorithm. In order to achieve a practical localization solution generally, this paper proposes a strategy to deal with various uncertainties using explicit discretization of robot's status. Discrete status of localization is designed with three criteria as follows: (i) polygonal environment and non-polygonal environment; (ii) static environment and dynamic environment; and (iii) global positioning problem and local tracking problem are defined. An appropriate strategy is adopted according to the robot's status. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated by simulation results.","PeriodicalId":189219,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129293243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yamamoto, K. Nakadai, J. Valin, J. Rouat, F. Michaud, Kazunori Komatani, T. Ogata, HIroshi G. Okuno
{"title":"Making a robot recognize three simultaneous sentences in real-time","authors":"S. Yamamoto, K. Nakadai, J. Valin, J. Rouat, F. Michaud, Kazunori Komatani, T. Ogata, HIroshi G. Okuno","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2005.1545094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2005.1545094","url":null,"abstract":"A humanoid robot under real-world environments usually hears mixtures of sounds, and thus three capabilities are essential for robot audition; sound source localization, separation, and recognition of separated sounds. We have adopted the missing feature theory (MFT) for automatic recognition of separated speech, and developed the robot audition system. A microphone array is used along with a real-time dedicated implementation of geometric source separation (GSS) and a multi-channel post-filter that gives us a further reduction of interferences from other sources. The automatic speech recognition based on MFT recognizes separated sounds by generating missing feature masks automatically from the post-filtering step. The main advantage of this approach for humanoid robots resides in the fact that the ASR with a clean acoustic model can adapt the distortion of separated sound by consulting the post-filter feature masks. In this paper, we used the improved Julius as an MFT-based automatic speech recognizer (ASR). The Julius is a real-time large vocabulary continuous speech recognition (LVCSR) system. We performed the experiment to evaluate our robot audition system. In this experiment, the system recognizes a sentence, not an isolated word. We showed the improvement in the system performance through three simultaneous speech recognition on the humanoid SIG2.","PeriodicalId":189219,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"404 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123902360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Calibration of lens distortion by structured-light scanning","authors":"R. Sagawa, Masaya Takatsuji, T. Echigo, Y. Yagi","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2005.1545167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2005.1545167","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new method to automatically calibrate lens distortion of wide-angle lenses. We project structured-light patterns using a flat display to generate a map between the display and the image coordinate systems. This approach has two advantages. First, it is easier to take correspondences of image and marker (display) coordinates around the edge of a camera image than using a usual marker, e.g. a checker board. Second, since we can easily construct a dense map, a simple linear interpolation is enough to create an undistorted image. Our method is not restricted by the distortion parameters because it directly generates the map. We have evaluated the accuracy of our method and the error becomes smaller than results by parameter fitting.","PeriodicalId":189219,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123910541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mobile sensor deployment for a dynamic cluster-based target tracking sensor network","authors":"Xiaoning Shan, Jindong Tan","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2005.1545069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2005.1545069","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a mobile sensor deployment algorithm within a hybrid sensor network, which consists of some mobile sensors and a relatively large number of static sensors. For a target tracking task, a cluster is constructed and updated dynamically for tracking upon detection of an event. A cluster construction algorithm in a sparsely deployed sensor network is addressed. Mobile sensors are used to fill the coverage holes inside the cluster. A scalable mobile sensor deployment algorithm based on static sensor cluster is presented and analyzed. Minimum spanning circle (MSC) of a polygon acts as the metric for dynamic clustering. Simulations have been used to verify the proposed algorithms.","PeriodicalId":189219,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124115246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Nishikawa, Young-Kwang Park, M. Aizuddin, K. Yoshinaga, Kouhei Ogura, M. Umezu, A. Takamshi
{"title":"Development of carbon microcoils (CMC) sensor system with high sensitivity for effective acquisition of tactile information","authors":"K. Nishikawa, Young-Kwang Park, M. Aizuddin, K. Yoshinaga, Kouhei Ogura, M. Umezu, A. Takamshi","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2005.1545266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2005.1545266","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new sensor system for the effective acquisition of tactile information using carbon microcoils (CMC). This system used the mechanical and electrical properties of CMC to obtain tactile information from the applied force. Experimental results prove its effectiveness and the characteristics of CMC as a sensor material. Using this system, we developed a distributed-type silicone based CMC sensor with a high sensitivity and the ability to measure an applied force down to even milligrams. The CMC sensor has its own characteristics compared to other sensors and is suitable to use as a sensor system for artificial skin or the artificial heart of a patient robot.","PeriodicalId":189219,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124116208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How deterministic must a real-time controller be?","authors":"I. Gravagne, John M. Davis, R. Marks","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2005.1545570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2005.1545570","url":null,"abstract":"Real-time computing platforms are ubiquitous in the fields of automation, robotics and control. These are often based on a real-time operating system that offers a high level of determinism to support processes such as discrete-event and feedback control. Using methods derived the theory of dynamic systems on time scales, this paper discusses through modeling and simulation the effects of non-determinism. The paper's conclusion supports the hypothesis that strict determinism is not always required to obtain adequate overall system performance.","PeriodicalId":189219,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124182064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Vision-based simultaneous localization and mapping with two cameras","authors":"Gab-Hoe Kim, Jong-Sung Kim, K. Hong","doi":"10.1109/IROS.2005.1545496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2005.1545496","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose a novel method for the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem with two cameras. A single camera based approach suffers from a lack of information for feature initialization and the instability of covariance of the 3D camera location and feature position. To solve this problem, we use two cameras which move independently, unlike the stereo camera. We derive new formulations for the extended Kalman filter and map management of two cameras. We also present a method for the new features initialization and feature matching with two cameras. In our method, the covariance of camera and feature location converges more rapidly. This characteristic enables a reduction of the computational complexity by fixing the feature position whose covariance converges. Experimental results prove that our approach estimates the 3D camera location and feature position more accurately and the covariance of camera and feature location converges more rapidly when compared with the single camera case.","PeriodicalId":189219,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123387640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}