Nature Reviews Endocrinology最新文献_第8页

Human thyroid organoids: tools for understanding thyroid diseases and development 人类甲状腺类器官：了解甲状腺疾病和发展的工具。

IF 39.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2026-04-13 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-026-01249-6

Mírian Romitti, Sabine Costagliola

{"title":"Human thyroid organoids: tools for understanding thyroid diseases and development","authors":"Mírian Romitti, Sabine Costagliola","doi":"10.1038/s41574-026-01249-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-026-01249-6","url":null,"abstract":"The thyroid gland develops in five main stages, each characterized by specific molecular and cellular processes that are highly conserved across invertebrates and vertebrate species. In vivo studies have elucidated the key molecular players orchestrating each stage of thyroid organogenesis and thyroid hormone biosynthesis, laying the groundwork for developing thyroid organoids in vitro. Thyroid organoids have been successfully derived from mouse and human pluripotent stem cells, including embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells, as well as from fetal and adult thyroid tissues. Protocols using directed differentiation through chemical signalling modulators and/or by overexpression of pivotal thyroid transcription factors have yielded thyroid progenitors with varying levels of maturation, differing in timeline, purity and functional outcomes. However, only a few protocols have succeeded in producing thyroid organoids capable of recapitulating thyroid functionality both in vitro and in vivo. This Review explores the various thyroid organoid models currently available, their contributions to understanding thyroid developmental biology and their application in modelling thyroid diseases. We also discuss the current challenges to translating thyroid organoid technology from experimental frameworks into clinical applications, framing the question: could thyroid organoids offer a therapeutic avenue for hypothyroidism, particularly in cases of congenital, post-surgical and treatment-refractory conditions? In this Review, the authors describe how the development of various thyroid organoid models has advanced research into thyroid development, dysregulation and disease. They also discuss the limitations of these models and whether thyroid organoids could be used as cell therapy in the future.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"22 8","pages":"463-476"},"PeriodicalIF":39.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147666634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Data-driven diabetes mellitus subtypes and precision care 数据驱动型糖尿病亚型与精准护理。

IF 4 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2026-04-07 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-026-01251-y

Dang Nguyen, Anthony Zhong

引用次数: 0

Emerging applications of human iPSCs in pituitary diseases 人类多能干细胞在垂体疾病中的新应用。

IF 4 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2026-03-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-026-01248-7

Ryusaku Matsumoto (, ), Keitaro Kanie (, ), Yutaka Takahashi (, )

引用次数: 0

Risk factors, management and consequences of severe menopausal vasomotor symptoms 严重绝经期血管舒缩症状的危险因素、管理和后果

IF 39.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2026-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-026-01245-w

Martha Hickey, Annabelle Huguenin, Hsin-Fang Chung, Gita D. Mishra

{"title":"Risk factors, management and consequences of severe menopausal vasomotor symptoms","authors":"Martha Hickey, Annabelle Huguenin, Hsin-Fang Chung, Gita D. Mishra","doi":"10.1038/s41574-026-01245-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-026-01245-w","url":null,"abstract":"Menopause, particularly the consequences of severe symptoms, has become the subject of intense media interest. Reducing the prevalent stigma around women’s reproductive health has allowed more women to speak openly about their menopause experiences, the effects on their lives and the barriers they face. These effects are far-reaching and illustrate the importance of improving the understanding, management and awareness of severe menopausal symptoms. The cardinal symptoms are hot flushes (or flashes) and night sweats (vasomotor symptoms), although symptoms can vary by ethnicity. For example, some Asian women report other primary symptoms (such as bone and/or joint pain). Vasomotor symptoms affect around 70% of perimenopausal and postmenopausal women and are moderate or severe in around one-third of these women. The US Food and Drug Administration considers vasomotor symptoms to be severe if they cause the person to stop their current activity. Severe vasomotor symptoms drive treatment seeking and can affect quality of life, mental health and work ability. We review the incidence, management and potential long-term health consequences of severe vasomotor symptoms, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, cognitive dysfunction, bone health and quality of life. We discuss potential underlying mechanisms and the efficacy of available treatments. Finally, we highlight the evidence gaps in this field and directions for future research. Menopause can cause vasomotor symptoms such as hot flushes and sweating, which can disrupt daily life. This Review discusses the risk factors contributing to severe vasomotor symptoms, their potential health consequences and options for medical management.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"22 7","pages":"404-415"},"PeriodicalIF":39.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147506744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The link between heat exposure and gestational diabetes mellitus 热暴露与妊娠期糖尿病之间的联系。

IF 4 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2026-03-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-026-01246-9

Senegal Carty

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Greater recognition required for thyroid disorders 甲状腺疾病需要更多的认识。

IF 4 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-026-01237-w

引用次数: 0

Dysfunctional adipose tissue–lymphatic crosstalk in obesity 肥胖症中功能失调的脂肪组织-淋巴串扰。

IF 39.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2026-03-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-026-01243-y

William De Nardo, Andrea Y. Chan, Christopher J. H. Porter, Enyuan Cao, Natalie L. Trevaskis

{"title":"Dysfunctional adipose tissue–lymphatic crosstalk in obesity","authors":"William De Nardo, Andrea Y. Chan, Christopher J. H. Porter, Enyuan Cao, Natalie L. Trevaskis","doi":"10.1038/s41574-026-01243-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-026-01243-y","url":null,"abstract":"The lymphatic vasculature is recognized for its roles in immunity, lipid transport and fluid homeostasis, but has been ignored, until recently, for its involvement in adipose tissue metabolism, obesity and associated comorbidities. States of overnutrition, such as in obesity, are associated with impairment of lymphatic function, leading to localized lymphoedema, adipogenesis and insulin resistance. Conversely, compromised lymphatic vasculature integrity can induce adiposity and accelerate insulin resistance. Through the use of advanced ‘omics’ and bioinformatic technologies coupled with functional experiments in cells, mice and humans, we now know that the lymphatic system is more than just a transport conduit and is intimately involved in tissue and organ homeostasis, including in adipose tissue. In this Review, we summarize the interconnected causes of obesity and lymphatic dysfunction with a particular focus on delineating the underappreciated yet fundamental crosstalk between the lymphatic network and white and brown adipose tissues. We also synthesize information on lymph-directed therapeutic strategies that have the potential to transform outcomes in obesity. The lymphatic system has an important role in adipose tissue homeostasis and metabolism. This Review explores the emerging understanding of the bidirectional link between adipose tissue and lymphatic dysfunction in obesity.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"22 7","pages":"416-432"},"PeriodicalIF":39.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147465232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peritumoural adipose tissue protects colorectal cancer from immune attack 肿瘤周围脂肪组织保护结直肠癌免受免疫攻击。

IF 4 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2026-03-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-026-01244-x

Olivia Tysoe

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Living with type 1 diabetes mellitus with Black heritage: my personal journey 生活与1型糖尿病与黑人遗产：我的个人旅程。

IF 4 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-026-01242-z

Daniel Newman

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Hyperinsulinaemia as a cause of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases 高胰岛素血症是肥胖和心脏代谢疾病的原因。

IF 39.1 1区医学

Nature Reviews Endocrinology Pub Date : 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-026-01240-1

Nicola Guess, James D. Johnson, Allan Vaag, Abd A. Tahrani, Barbara Corkey, Jennifer E. Bruin, Jon P. Little

{"title":"Hyperinsulinaemia as a cause of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases","authors":"Nicola Guess, James D. Johnson, Allan Vaag, Abd A. Tahrani, Barbara Corkey, Jennifer E. Bruin, Jon P. Little","doi":"10.1038/s41574-026-01240-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41574-026-01240-1","url":null,"abstract":"This narrative Review explores the role of hyperinsulinaemia as a potential independent contributor to obesity and cardiometabolic diseases. We argue that scientific discussions about the role of hyperinsulinaemia as a causal factor in these conditions have not sufficiently distinguished between postprandial insulin excursions and chronically elevated basal levels of insulin. We summarize findings from observational and experimental human trials, as well as preclinical models, and outline how reasonable evidence suggests that chronic (basal) exposure to elevated levels of insulin, rather than normal postprandial insulin excursions in isolation, might have a role in promoting or exacerbating the development of adiposity. We discuss the putative contributors to hyperinsulinaemia, including genetic predisposition, early-life influences, diet, environmental pollutants and physical inactivity, highlighting causality knowledge gaps relevant to the prevention of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases. This Review outlines the potential role of hyperinsulinaemia as an independent driver of obesity and obesity-related conditions. Evidence regarding the potential causes of hyperinsulinaemia are summarized, and key research gaps are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":18916,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Endocrinology","volume":"22 7","pages":"433-443"},"PeriodicalIF":39.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147381319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0