Nature Plants最新文献

{"title":"ULTRA(PETALA)-boosted plant Polycomb","authors":"Christos N. Velanis","doi":"10.1038/s41477-026-02371-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-026-02371-z","url":null,"abstract":"ULTRAPETALA 1, previously known for its role in counteracting Polycomb-mediated silencing, is paradoxically now revealed to be an accessory component of a Polycomb protein complex and to stimulate its enzymatic activity.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"12 8","pages":"1428-1429"},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A VIM2/4 deletion, and premature truncations of CMT2 and FBX5, drive DNA methylation changes after colonization of a novel habitat","authors":"Johan Zicola, Emmanuel Tergemina, Ahmed F. Elfarargi, Mehmet Göktay, Célia Neto, Robert J. Schmitz, Angela M. Hancock","doi":"10.1038/s41477-026-02352-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-026-02352-2","url":null,"abstract":"DNA methylation is important to maintain genome stability, but alterations in genome-wide methylation patterns can produce widespread genomic effects, with the potential to facilitate rapid adaptation. Here we investigate DNA methylation evolution in Arabidopsis thaliana during its colonization of the drought-prone Cape Verde Islands (CVI). We identified three high-impact changes in genes linking histone modification to DNA methylation that underlie variation in DNA methylation within CVI. We show that gene body methylation is reduced in CVI relative to the Moroccan outgroup due to a 2.7-kb deletion between two VARIANT IN METHYLATIONgenes (VIM2and VIM4), causing aberrant expression of the VIM2/4 homologues. Disruptions of CHROMOMETHYLASE 2 (CMT2) and a newly identified DNA methylation modulator, F-BOX PROTEIN 5 (FBX5), which we validated using CRISPR mutant analysis, contribute to DNA methylation of transposable elements within CVI. Overall, our results reveal rapid methylome evolution driven largely by high-impact variants in three genes. This study shows that Arabidopsis thaliana colonizing the Cape Verde Islands rapidly evolved altered DNA methylation patterns through high-impact mutations affecting VIM2/4, CMT2 and FBX5, linked to alternative drought adaptation strategies.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"12 8","pages":"1469-1484"},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-026-02352-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dual trxG/PcG protein ULTRAPETALA1 modulates H3K27me3 and directly enhances POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 2 activity for fine-tuned reproductive transitions.","authors":"Vangeli Geshkovski, Julia Engelhorn, Jean-Baptiste Izquierdo, Hamida Laroussi, Caroline Thouly, Laura Turchi, Meredith Wouters, Marie Le Masson, Emmanuel Thévenon, Ambre Petitalot, Lauriane Simon, Manon Verdier, Sophie Desset, Philipp Michl-Holzinger, Astrid Bruckmann, Hugues Parrinello, Klaus D Grasser, Aline V Probst, Raphaël Margueron, Gilles Vachon, Jan Kadlec, Cristel C Carles","doi":"10.1038/s41477-026-02363-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-026-02363-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The antagonistic POLYCOMB (PcG) REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 2 (PRC2) and trithorax (trxG) chromatin machineries orchestrate gene expression during the development of multicellular eukaryotes. These complexes deposit and maintain the repressive trimethyl mark on H3K27 and the activating trimethyl mark on H3K4, respectively. However, the mechanisms governing the switch between these functions remain elusive, especially in plants, whose lifelong, flexible development relies heavily on this process. Here we demonstrate that the plant-specific ULTRAPETALA1 (ULT1) protein, previously reported as a trxG factor antagonizing the PRC2 enzymatic subunit CURLY LEAF (CLF), also exhibits a pro-PRC2 function, increasing H3K27 trimethylation levels at over 1,000 genes. We discovered that ULT1 physically interacts with PRC2 components, particularly the SWINGER (SWN) enzymatic subunit, and that in vitro it significantly enhances the enzymatic activity of PRC2^SWN, and to a lesser extent also that of PRC2^CLF. This corroborates our epigenomic and developmental genetic data that reveal different ULT1 activity depending on the PRC2 catalytic subunit. This study provides new insights into the relative activities of CLF and SWN and introduces a mechanistic framework for a chromatin switch mediated by a bivalent trxG/PcG factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":" ","pages":"1561-1578"},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TIE1 acts as a maternal brake on fertilization-independent endosperm development by associating with PRC2 to enforce imprinting","authors":"Zeliang Zhang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xinxue Wang \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Rongrong Yuan \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yiyi Li \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Yige Pan \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Qing He \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Xuemei Chen \u0000 (,&nbsp;),&nbsp;Genji Qin \u0000 (,&nbsp;)","doi":"10.1038/s41477-026-02344-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-026-02344-2","url":null,"abstract":"Fully autonomous apomixis with fertilization-independent embryo and endosperm development enables the production of clonal seeds to fix crop hybrid vigour. However, the mechanisms underlying autonomous endosperm development remain unclear. Here we show that TIE1 acts as a maternally expressed transcriptional repressor inhibiting autonomous endosperm. The disruption of four TIEs in tie1 tie2 tie3 tie4 (tieQ) mutants triggers the development of autonomous endosperm, recapitulating the phenotypes observed in fertilization-independent seeds (fis)-class mutants. TIE1 exhibits maternal genomic imprinting similar to MEDEA (MEA) that encodes a core component of the FIS–POLYCOMB REPRESSIVE COMPLEX 2 (PRC2). TIE1 recruits FIS–PRC2 to transcriptionally silence a subset of its target genes whose activation would otherwise trigger endosperm development in the absence of fertilization. Our findings reveal a maternally controlled brake mechanism that prevents autonomous endosperm development, providing both a molecular framework for understanding apomictic seed formation and a possible tool for engineering synthetic apomixis to fix heterosis in crops. Plants that form seeds without fertilization could fix hybrid vigour. This study determines that the maternal protein TIE1 serves as a brake to prevent autonomous seed development without fertilization.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"12 8","pages":"1485-1497"},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148605459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A grass-specific route to salicylic acid","authors":"Dyoni M. Oliveira,&nbsp;Carlos A. Labate,&nbsp;Thatiane R. Mota","doi":"10.1038/s41477-026-02373-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-026-02373-x","url":null,"abstract":"Salicylic acid is a central regulator of plant growth and immunity, yet key steps in the biosynthesis of its precursors have remained unresolved. Two complementary studies in rice identify the missing enzymes and reveal that grasses and eudicots evolved distinct biochemical solutions to produce the same defence hormone.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"12 9","pages":"1661-1662"},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148605453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TIEing down the central cell proliferation","authors":"Martina Bianca Fuhrmann-Aoyagi,&nbsp;Tetsu Kinoshita","doi":"10.1038/s41477-026-02351-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-026-02351-3","url":null,"abstract":"Endosperm development before fertilization is normally repressed in Arabidopsis, but the molecular mechanism remains incompletely understood. Analysis of the Arabidopsis central cell now reveals that TIE1, a maternally expressed imprinted gene, contributes to the repression of autonomous endosperm proliferation and may function as a molecular adaptor between Polycomb-mediated silencing and transcriptional regulation.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"12 8","pages":"1426-1427"},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148605456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chloroplast-encoded small subunit extensions reshape the Chlamydomonas chlororibosome","authors":"Florent Waltz,&nbsp;Philippe A. Lehner,&nbsp;Philippe Van der Stappen,&nbsp;Lukas Kater,&nbsp;Stefan Pfeffer,&nbsp;Benjamin D. Engel","doi":"10.1038/s41477-026-02361-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-026-02361-1","url":null,"abstract":"Chloroplast ribosomes (chlororibosomes) synthesize the core protein components of the photosynthetic apparatus, yet their structural diversity outside flowering plants remains largely unexplored. Here we combine in situ cryo-electron tomography with single-particle cryo-electron microscopy to determine the structure of the chlororibosome from the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Subtomogram averaging of chlororibosomes in their native environment, resolved to ~5 Å and in distinct translational states, reveals particles both free in the stroma and flexibly tethered to thylakoid membranes. These in situ reconstructions uncover an additional ‘arm’ domain on the small subunit. High-resolution single-particle structures of isolated chlororibosomes resolved to ~2.5 Å, in states bound either to the inhibitory translation factor pY or to a nascent chain-linked P-site transfer RNA, reveal that this domain is built primarily from extensive chloroplast-encoded insertions and extensions of conserved small subunit proteins, supported by chlororibosome-specific ribosomal proteins. The arm domain is located around the mRNA entry and exit channels, suggesting a role in stabilizing the mRNA trajectory through the small subunit and organizing chloroplast polysomes. Together, these data reveal the unexpected structural variation of algal chlororibosomes and suggest that chloroplast translation has diversified substantially even among relatively closely related photosynthetic lineages. Using in situ cryo-electron tomography, researchers found a unique ‘arm’ domain on the small subunit of Chlamydomonas chlororibosomes. This discovery suggests that chlororibosome structure is more evolutionarily diverse than previously thought.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"12 8","pages":"1612-1621"},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-026-02361-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148605426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The deSUMOylase SPF2 and the cohesin regulators SGO2 and CTF18 suppress crossovers near centromeres","authors":"Rigel Salinas Gamboa,&nbsp;Joiselle Blanche Fernandes,&nbsp;Qichao Lian,&nbsp;Dipesh Kumar Singh,&nbsp;Stephanie Durand,&nbsp;Divyanshu Sahu,&nbsp;Laia Capilla-Perez,&nbsp;Hernan Lopez,&nbsp;Alexandra Kalde,&nbsp;Raphael Mercier","doi":"10.1038/s41477-026-02329-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-026-02329-1","url":null,"abstract":"Crossovers (COs) ensure proper chromosome segregation during meiosis and generate genetic diversity. COs are non-uniformly distributed along chromosomes and almost universally suppressed in centromere-proximal regions, notably creating an important bottleneck for plant breeding. The mechanism of this CO suppression is still not fully understood, but the chromatin state is a contributing factor. Here we identify three factors that actively limit proximal CO in Arabidopsis thaliana: the cohesion establishment factor CTF18, the centromeric cohesin protector SGO2 and the deSUMOylase SPF2. The mutation of these factors allows both the formation of COs in the centromere-proximal region where they were completely absent in the wild type and the enhancement of their frequency where they were rare. COs can be further increased by combining these mutations together or with mutation in the DNA methylase CMT3, suggesting that multiple mechanisms prevent proximal COs in parallel. The identification of the very conserved CTF18, SGO2 and SPF2 as suppressors of centromere-proximal COs highlights the importance of cohesin turnover in this process and opens up new possibilities for plant breeding. Gamboa et al. identified three proteins that restrict meiotic crossovers near centromeres. This finding suggests that cohesion regulation plays a role in this suppression and creates opportunities to unlock recombination for plant breeding","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"12 8","pages":"1498-1513"},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-026-02329-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148584931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-native and invasive tree species are abundant in neotropical secondary forest but decline over time","authors":"Angélica F. Resende,&nbsp;Lourens Poorter,&nbsp;Fabio A. R. Matos,&nbsp;Frans Bongers,&nbsp;Ricardo César,&nbsp;Gustavo Heringer,&nbsp;Iris Hordijk,&nbsp;Catarina C. Jakovac,&nbsp;Masha T. van der Sande,&nbsp;Robin L. Chazdon,&nbsp;Daisy H. Dent,&nbsp;Géraldine Derroire,&nbsp;Juan M. Dupuy-Rada,&nbsp;Alfredo Fantini,&nbsp;Geraldo W. Fernandes,&nbsp;José Luis Hernández-Stefanoni,&nbsp;Peter Hietz,&nbsp;Madelon Lohbeck,&nbsp;Natalia Norden,&nbsp;Jorge Ruíz,&nbsp;Marcelo Tabarelli,&nbsp;Hans F. M. Vester,&nbsp;Pedro Manuel Villa,&nbsp;Bruno X. Pinho,&nbsp;Danaë M. A. Rozendaal,&nbsp;Bráulio A. Santos,&nbsp;T. Mitchell Aide,&nbsp;Jarcilene S. de Almeida-Cortez,&nbsp;Angélica María Almeyda Zambrano,&nbsp;Esteban Alvarez-Davila,&nbsp;Mário M. Espírito-Santo,&nbsp;Justin M. Becknell,&nbsp;Eben N. Broadbent,&nbsp;Carolina Castellano-Castro,&nbsp;Jérôme Chave,&nbsp;Daisy Christiane Zambiazi,&nbsp;Saara J. DeWalt,&nbsp;Maria C. Fandiño,&nbsp;Jefferson S. Hall,&nbsp;Alma Johanna Hernández,&nbsp;Álvaro Idárraga,&nbsp;André B. Junqueira,&nbsp;Deborah Kennard,&nbsp;Susan G. Letcher,&nbsp;René López-Camacho,&nbsp;Miguel Martínez-Ramos,&nbsp;Jorge A. Meave,&nbsp;Felipe Melo,&nbsp;Rita Mesquita,&nbsp;Francisco Mora,&nbsp;Sandra C. Müller,&nbsp;Yule R. F. Nunes,&nbsp;Edgar Ortiz-Malavassi,&nbsp;Marielos Peña-Claros,&nbsp;Daniel Piotto,&nbsp;Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa,&nbsp;Naomi B. Schwartz,&nbsp;Alexandre Siminski,&nbsp;Heitor Mancini Teixeira,&nbsp;Maria Uriarte,&nbsp;Michiel van Breugel,&nbsp;Maria D. M. Veloso,&nbsp;Ima C. G. Vieira,&nbsp;G. Bruce Williamson,&nbsp;Kátia J. Zanini,&nbsp;Pedro H. S. Brancalion","doi":"10.1038/s41477-026-02327-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-026-02327-3","url":null,"abstract":"Non-native and invasive species are among the leading causes of global biodiversity loss and could therefore compromise the recovery of native forests after disturbance, such as on abandoned agricultural lands. Here we evaluated how the relative density and richness of non-native woody species (NNS) change across secondary tropical forest succession, determined whether they vary between dry and moist forests and identified the underlying environmental and social drivers of these changes. We used data from 1,561 forest plots and 58 chronosequences from ten neotropical countries. We classified 3,735 woody species by origin and invasiveness. Our analyses and conclusions focus on NNS, whereas native (potentially) invasive groups were examined separately. NNS were widespread, occurring in 81% of the chronosequences and comprising 18% of dry and 41% of moist forest plots. We recorded 11 non-native invasive species, most of which were multifunctional trees associated with human activity. In early succession (the first 10–20 years), NNS reached high relative density and richness, accounting for 28% of stems and 22% of species in moist forests, and 9% of stems and species in dry forests. Both metrics declined considerably during the same period but were still present in late succession, mirroring the successional trajectory of native pioneer species, probably due to canopy closure and increased shading. Spatially, NNS richness increased with the Human Development Index. However, both density and richness were negatively affected by increasing surrounding forest cover, agricultural proximity and precipitation, while soil organic carbon generally favoured NNS retention. Our findings suggest that naturally regrowing forests and maintaining relatively intact forest landscapes provide nature-based solutions to control NNS, thereby protecting native biodiversity, ecosystem integrity and local livelihoods. Non-native and invasive trees establish early during the regeneration of secondary forests. However, their decline over time suggests that native forest recovery can limit their abundance. Thus, neotropical secondary forests may buffer tree invasions.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"12 8","pages":"1442-1454"},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148584870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crossovers break new ground","authors":"Michelle Rönspies,&nbsp;Holger Puchta","doi":"10.1038/s41477-026-02340-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-026-02340-6","url":null,"abstract":"Centromere-proximal recombination is suppressed in plants, presenting a bottleneck in breeding. Salinas Gamboa et al. now identify three cohesion-related factors that actively limit proximal crossovers in Arabidopsis. Mutating these genes enables crossovers in previously inaccessible areas and enhances them in low-recombination regions.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"12 8","pages":"1424-1425"},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148584838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}