Nature Plants最新文献

{"title":"Differential FeS cluster photodamage plays a critical role in regulating excess electron flow through photosystem I","authors":"Arjun Tiwari, Fikret Mamedov, Duncan Fitzpatrick, Sanna Gunell, Mikko Tikkanen, Eva-Mari Aro","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01780-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01780-2","url":null,"abstract":"The photosynthetic electron flux from photosystem I (PSI) is mainly directed to NADP+ and CO2 fixation, but a fraction is always shared between alternative and cyclic electron transport. Although the electron transfer from P700 to ferredoxin, via phylloquinone and the FeSX, FeSB and FeSA clusters, is well characterized, the regulatory role of these redox intermediates in the delivery of electrons from PSI to NADP+, alternative and cyclic electron transport under environmental stress remains elusive. Here we provide evidence for sequential damage to PSI FeS clusters under high light and subsequent slow recovery under low light in Arabidopsis thaliana. Wild-type plants showed 10–35% photodamage to their FeSA/B clusters with increasing high-light duration, without much effect on P700 oxidation capacity, FeSX function or CO2 fixation rate, and without additional oxygen consumption (O2 photoreduction). Parallel FeSA/B cluster damage in the pgr5 mutant was more pronounced at 50–85%, probably due to weak photosynthetic control and low non-photochemical quenching. Such severe electron pressure on PSI was also shown to damage the FeSX clusters, with a concomitant decrease in P700 oxidation capacity and a decrease in thylakoid-bound ferredoxin in the pgr5 mutant. The results from wild-type and pgr5 plants reveal controlled damage of PSI FeS clusters under high light. In wild-type plants, this favours electron transport to linear over alternative pathways by intact PSI centres, thereby preventing reactive oxygen species production and probably promoting harmless charge recombination between P700+ and FeSX− as long as the majority of FeSA/B clusters remain functional. Photoinhibition of photosystem I and differential damage of FeS clusters under high light levels are natural phenomena in angiosperms that control electron flow to molecular oxygen while maintaining optimal carbon dioxide assimilation.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 10","pages":"1592-1603"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flat sepals","authors":"Guillaume Tena","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01801-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01801-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 9","pages":"1278-1278"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underrepresentation of Black and Asian students in UK plant science","authors":"Katharine Hubbard, Nicola Joan Patron, Jade Bleau, Yoselin Benitez-Alfonso","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01778-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01778-w","url":null,"abstract":"The UK plant science strategy establishes “Diverse People and Skills” as an important component of the future of plant science. However, ethnicity data from the UK Higher Education Statistics Authority show that UK plant science students are disproportionately white at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. We explore possible reasons for this and offer recommendations for action.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 9","pages":"1272-1275"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA helicase Brr2a promotes miRNA biogenesis by properly remodelling secondary structure of pri-miRNAs","authors":"Xindi Li, Songxiao Zhong, Changhao Li, Xingxing Yan, Jiaying Zhu, Yanjun Li, Zhiye Wang, Xu Peng, Xiuren Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01788-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01788-8","url":null,"abstract":"RNA secondary structure (RSS) of primary microRNAs (pri-miRNAs) is a key determinant for miRNA production. Here we report that RNA helicase (RH) Brr2a, best known as a spliceosome component, modulates the structural complexity of pri-miRNAs to fine tune miRNA yield. Brr2a interacts with microprocessor component HYL1 and its loss reduces the levels of miRNAs derived from both intron-containing and intron-lacking pri-miRNAs. Brr2a binds to pri-miRNAs in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, Brr2a hydrolyses ATP and the activity can be significantly enhanced by pri-miRNAs. Consequently, Brr2a unwinds pri-miRNAs in vitro. Moreover, Brr2a variants with compromised ATPase or RH activity are incapable of unwinding pri-miRNA, and their transgenic plants fail to restore miRNA levels in brr2a-2. Importantly, most of tested pri-miRNAs display distinct RSS, rendering them unsuitable for efficient processing in brr2a mutants vs Col-0. Collectively, this study reveals that Brr2a plays a non-canonical role in miRNA production beyond splicing regulation. RNA secondary structure is a new regulatory layer of transcript fates. Here, Li et al. find that plant RNA helicase Brr2a, acting beyond its canonical role in spliceosome, can optimize secondary structure of pri-miRNAs to promote miRNA production.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 10","pages":"1532-1547"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boreal tree species diversity increases with global warming but is reversed by extremes","authors":"Yanbiao Xi, Wenmin Zhang, Fangli Wei, Zhongxiang Fang, Rasmus Fensholt","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01794-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01794-w","url":null,"abstract":"Tree species diversity is essential to sustaining stable forest ecosystem functioning. However, it remains unclear how boreal tree species diversity has changed in response to climate change and how it is associated with productivity and the temporal stability of boreal forest ecosystems. By combining 5,312 field observations and 55,560 Landsat images, here we develop a framework to estimate boreal tree species diversity (represented by the Shannon diversity index, H′) for the years 2000, 2010 and 2020. We document an average increase in H′ by 12% from 2000 to 2020 across the boreal forests. This increase accounts for 53% of all boreal forest areas and mainly occurs in the eastern forest–boreal transition region, the Okhotsk–Manchurian taiga and the Scandinavian–Russian taiga. Tree species diversity responds positively to increasing temperatures, but the relationship is weakened for higher temperature changes, and in areas of extreme warming (>0.065 °C yr−1), a negative impact on tree species diversity is found. We further show that the observed spatiotemporal increase in diversity is significantly associated with increased productivity and temporal stability of boreal forest biomass. Our results highlight climate-warming-driven increases in boreal tree species diversity that positively affect boreal ecosystem functioning but are countered in areas of extreme warming. This study shows that global warming has had an overall positive effect on boreal tree species diversity over recent decades, but a negative effect in areas of extreme warming, with substantial implications for the productivity and temporal stability of boreal forest ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 10","pages":"1473-1483"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-024-01794-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142166290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increases in plant phenotypic diversity in response to aridity and grazing","authors":"Catherine Walker","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01803-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01803-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 9","pages":"1277-1277"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142166292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding cell-type-specific regulation during seed germination","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01772-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01772-2","url":null,"abstract":"A seed reactivates its genome to germinate. By creating a single-cell atlas of germinating embryos, we show that gene expression is highly dynamic and cell specific. Most cells adopt a single, common transcriptional state early in germination, and then transition to distinct gene regulatory programs that drive the functions of individual cell types.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 9","pages":"1295-1296"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of single-cell transcriptional states during seed germination","authors":"Lim Chee Liew, Yue You, Lucas Auroux, Marina Oliva, Marta Peirats-Llobet, Sophia Ng, Muluneh Tamiru-Oli, Oliver Berkowitz, Uyen Vu Thuy Hong, Asha Haslem, Tim Stuart, Matthew E. Ritchie, George W. Bassel, Ryan Lister, James Whelan, Quentin Gouil, Mathew G. Lewsey","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01771-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01771-3","url":null,"abstract":"Germination involves highly dynamic transcriptional programs as the cells of seeds reactivate and express the functions necessary for establishment in the environment. Individual cell types have distinct roles within the embryo, so must therefore have cell type-specific gene expression and gene regulatory networks. We can better understand how the functions of different cell types are established and contribute to the embryo by determining how cell type-specific transcription begins and changes through germination. Here we describe a temporal analysis of the germinating Arabidopsis thaliana embryo at single-cell resolution. We define the highly dynamic cell type-specific patterns of gene expression and how these relate to changing cellular function as germination progresses. Underlying these are unique gene regulatory networks and transcription factor activity. We unexpectedly discover that most embryo cells transition through the same initial transcriptional state early in germination, even though cell identity has already been established during embryogenesis. Cells later transition to cell type-specific gene expression patterns. Furthermore, our analyses support previous findings that the earliest events leading to the induction of seed germination take place in the vasculature. Overall, our study constitutes a general framework with which to characterize Arabidopsis cell transcriptional states through seed germination, allowing investigation of different genotypes and other plant species whose seed strategies may differ. This study reports a transcriptome atlas of the germinating Arabidopsis embryo at single-cell resolution. It demonstrates that the cells of the embryo transition from a common transcriptional state to cell type-specific states as germination progresses.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 9","pages":"1418-1434"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-024-01771-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparisons of two receptor-MAPK pathways in a single cell-type reveal mechanisms of signalling specificity","authors":"Yan Ma, Isabelle Flückiger, Jade Nicolet, Jia Pang, Joe B. Dickinson, Damien De Bellis, Aurélia Emonet, Satoshi Fujita, Niko Geldner","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01768-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01768-y","url":null,"abstract":"Cells harbour numerous receptor pathways to respond to diverse stimuli, yet often share common downstream signalling components. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MPK) cascades are an example of such common hubs in eukaryotes. How such common hubs faithfully transduce distinct signals within the same cell-type is insufficiently understood, yet of fundamental importance for signal integration and processing in plants. We engineered a unique genetic background allowing direct comparisons of a developmental and an immunity pathway in one cell-type, the Arabidopsis root endodermis. We demonstrate that the two pathways maintain distinct functional and transcriptional outputs despite common MPK activity patterns. Nevertheless, activation of different MPK kinases and MPK classes led to distinct functional readouts, matching observed pathway-specific readouts. On the basis of our comprehensive analysis of core MPK signalling elements, we propose that combinatorial activation within the MPK cascade determines the differential regulation of an endodermal master transcription factor, MYB36, that drives pathway-specific gene activation. By comparing signalling of two receptor pathways in the same cell-type, the study describes maintenance of signalling specificity at a single-cell level and the role of MAPK networks in this process.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 9","pages":"1343-1362"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-024-01768-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of microbiota in autoimmunity in Arabidopsis leaves","authors":"Yu Ti Cheng, Caitlin A. Thireault, Li Zhang, Bradley C. Paasch, Reza Sohrabi, Sheng Yang He","doi":"10.1038/s41477-024-01779-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41477-024-01779-9","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past three decades, researchers have isolated plant mutants that show constitutively activated defence responses in the absence of pathogen infection. These mutants are called autoimmune mutants and are typically dwarf and/or bearing chlorotic/necrotic lesions. Here, from a genetic screen for Arabidopsis genes involved in maintaining a normal leaf microbiota, we identified TIP GROWTH DEFECTIVE 1 (TIP1), which encodes an S-acyltransferase, as a key player in guarding leaves against abnormal microbiota level and composition under high-humidity conditions. The tip1 mutant has several characteristic phenotypes of classical autoimmune mutants, including a dwarf stature, showing lesions, and having a high basal level of defence gene expression. Gnotobiotic experiments revealed that the autoimmune phenotypes of the tip1 mutant are largely dependent on the presence of microbiota as axenic tip1 plants have markedly reduced autoimmune phenotypes. We found that the microbiota dependency of autoimmune phenotypes is shared by several ‘lesion mimic’-type autoimmune mutants in Arabidopsis. It is worth noting that autoimmune phenotypes caused by mutations in two Nucleotide-Binding, Leucine-Rich Repeat (NLR) genes do not require the presence of microbiota and can even be partially alleviated by microbiota. Our results therefore suggest the existence of at least two classes of autoimmunity (microbiota-dependent versus microbiota-independent) in plants. The observed interplay between autoimmunity and microbiota in the lesion mimic class of autoimmunity is reminiscent of the interactions between autoimmunity and dysbiosis in the animal kingdom. These parallels highlight the intricate relationship between host immunity and microbial communities across various biological systems. The authors show that dysbiotic microbiota can cause severe autoimmunity conditions in Arabidopsis plants, a concept that is reminiscent of autoimmunity–dysbiosis interactions found in mammals.","PeriodicalId":18904,"journal":{"name":"Nature Plants","volume":"10 9","pages":"1363-1376"},"PeriodicalIF":15.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-024-01779-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142142416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}