Nature and Science of Sleep最新文献

{"title":"Functional Brain Activity Alterations in Type 1 Narcolepsy Patients with Anxiety and Depression: A 7-Tesla Resting State-Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study.","authors":"Yang Chen, Jingyi Ye, Jiafei Chen, Zhiming Zhen, Chenglin Tang, Shuancheng Ren, Qi Han, Dong Gao","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S518104","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSS.S518104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate abnormal changes in brain region functional activity in type 1 narcolepsy (NT1) patients comorbid with anxiety and depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty NT1 patients and 20 healthy controls (HCs) underwent subjective/objective sleep assessments (polysomnography, SAS, SDS) and 7T rs-fMRI to analyze regional homogeneity (ReHo) and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the HCs group, NT1 patients had higher SAS and SDS scores. Analysis of the correlation between sleep parameters and brain activity in NT1 patients showed that increased ReHo values in the right insula and right cerebellum were negatively correlated with the TST (r = -0.463, p = 0.040) and excessive day time sleepiness (r = -0.486, p = 0.041). The fALFF of the left lingual gyrus positively correlated with sleep efficiency (r = 0.582, p = 0.007). Additionally, altered brain activity in NT1 patients was associated with emotional disorders. ReHo and fALFF values of the right insula showed a positive correlation with SAS scores (ReHo: r = 0.583, p = 0.011; fALFF: r = 0.557, p = 0.016), and the fALFF value of the left postcentral region also correlated positively with SAS scores (r = 0.597, p = 0.009). Moreover, the ReHo values of the left and postcentral lingua were positively correlated with the SDS scores (left lingua: r = 0.478, p = 0.045; postcentral lingua: r = 0.499, p = 0.035). The fALFF values of the left occipital inferior and postcentral regions also exhibited positive correlations with the SDS scores (left occipital inferior: r = 0.541, p = 0.020; postcentral regions: r = 0.550, p = 0.018).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormalities of rs-fMRI activities in NT1 patients, particularly those in the insula, calcarine, lingual gyrus, and postcentral regions, were closely associated with sleep disturbance and emotional disorders. These findings provide a better understanding the pathophysiology of NT1 with emotional disorders. Future longitudinal studies with independent cohorts are needed to explore the underlying neural mechanisms for neuropsychiatric comorbidities in NT1.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"17 ","pages":"1303-1317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) for Insomnia Disorder: A Narrative Review of Effectiveness, Mechanisms and Recommendations for Clinical Practice.","authors":"Chenshi Liu, Shiyin Chen, Yuwen Zhang, Xiao Wu, Jie Liu","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S515809","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSS.S515809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insomnia disorder is a very common disease that has received widespread attention in modern society, but the effects of current treatments for insomnia disorder are far from satisfactory. Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) is a safe and highly tolerated method, and it might be an alternative therapy for patients with insomnia disorder. This narrative review synthesizes clinical and mechanistic evidence of taVNS for insomnia disorder, critically analyzing its multimodal therapeutic actions from the perspectives of brain networks modulation, neurotransmitter-hormone axis regulation, anti-inflammatory effects, and changes in autonomic nerve function. Existing studies have shown that taVNS can improve sleep quality, quality of life and the accompanying negative emotions. However, the deficiencies in the current trial methods may lead to a reduction in the quality of evidence. Although existing findings support taVNS as a promising strategy for treating insomnia, more high-quality trials are needed to verify its benefits and elucidate its mechanisms of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"17 ","pages":"1327-1344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12174914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Adenotonsillectomy on Quality of Life in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA): Insights from the OSA-18 Questionnaire.","authors":"Montaha Al-Iede, Zaina Alhelou, Nour Hamdan, Basil Alramahi, Shada Algharibeh, Ahmad Qarajeh, Sara Ishtaieh, Ahmad Al Nsour, Mai AlAdwan, Abdulrahman Alhanbali, Rima A Sinan, Lubna Khreesha","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S506720","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSS.S506720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Hypertrophy of the adenoids and tonsils is a common cause of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in children, with adenotonsillectomy as the primary treatment. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of surgical options (adenotonsillectomy, adenoidectomy, and tonsillectomy) in managing pediatric OSA and their impact on quality of life, using the OSA-18 questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from parents of 196 children who underwent adenoidectomy, tonsillectomy, or both. The OSA-18 questionnaire was administered online via Google Form to assess quality-of-life issues. Data collection occurred between November 4 and December 25, 2022. Statistical analysis included paired t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and stepwise linear regression to evaluate pre- and post-surgery differences and associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant improvement in quality of life was observed following adenotonsillectomy, with a mean reduction of 15.14 points in OSA-18 scores. The greatest improvements were noted in the domains of physical symptoms and sleep disturbance, particularly among children with severe OSA. Most participants were male (63%), with an average pre-surgery weight of 25.5 kg. Prior to surgery, 34.18% used CPAP and 56.12% nasal steroids. Post-surgery, 83.16% were hospitalized for 1-2 days, with 4.08% requiring ICU care, and 26.53% experienced postoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Surgical interventions, particularly adenotonsillectomy, significantly improved quality of life in pediatric OSA patients, with marked benefits in severe cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"17 ","pages":"1291-1301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and Validation of a Machine Learning-Based Risk Prediction Model for Sleep Quality in Patients with OSA.","authors":"Yangyang Tong, Kuo Wen, Enguang Li, Fangzhu Ai, Ping Tang, Hongjuan Wen, Botang Guo","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S516912","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSS.S516912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to establish a risk prediction model for sleep quality in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) based on machine learning algorithms with optimal predictive performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 400 OSA patients were included in this study. A LightGBM model was constructed and compared with other machine learning models, in terms of performance metrics such as the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). The SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) analysis was used to interpret the model and identify key predictors of sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LightGBM model demonstrated the best predictive performance, with an AUC of 0.910 in the validation set, outperforming support vector machine and random forest. SHAP analysis identified six key predictors of sleep quality: depressive symptoms, OSA duration, oxygen desaturation index (ODI), anxiety symptoms, exercise frequency, and coffee consumption. The model's calibration curve indicated a high degree of agreement between predicted and observed outcomes, and DCA confirmed its clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The LightGBM model is the best choice for predicting sleep quality in patients with OSA. Depressive symptoms and ODI were the most influential factors negatively associated with sleep quality. This study not only deepens understanding of the factors affecting sleep quality in OSA patients, but also provides a powerful predictive tool for clinical doctors. Future research can explore the potential of incorporating these predictive factors into comprehensive treatment strategies to improve patient prognosis and overall quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"17 ","pages":"1271-1289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REcovery from DEXmedetomidine-Induced Unresponsiveness (REDEX): A Study Protocol for a Single Center, Parallel Arm, Non-Randomized, Controlled Pilot Trial in Healthy Volunteers.","authors":"David R Schreier, Matteo Fecchio, Christian S Guay, Reid G Kovacs, Mark Olchanyi, Ariel L Mueller, Timothy T Houle, Brian L Edlow, Emery N Brown, Ken Solt","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S523111","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSS.S523111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a well-tolerated sedative drug that induces a sleep-like state. DEX sedation offers a model to study transitions between different states of consciousness (indicated by, eg, behavior, the electroencephalogram (EEG), or transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) evoked EEG responses). However, the effects of repeated DEX exposure on recovery are poorly understood and will be investigated in this pilot study.</p><p><strong>Participants and methods: </strong>We aim to enroll 12 healthy volunteers (6 females, 6 males). Although we do not expect TMS-EEG to interfere with DEX sedation, due to the paucity of evidence this study uses a parallel arm design (TMS-EEG, non-TMS-EEG). Participants will be sedated twice, one week apart, and responsiveness monitored by a click-task to auditory beeps. A 64-channel EEG and additional physiological signals will be recorded. Cognition and vigilance tests will be performed before sedation (baseline), after return of responsiveness (ROR), and before discharge. TMS-EEG will be performed at baseline, during sedation, and during recovery. Using a smartwatch and questionnaires, we will assess sleep quality, sleepiness, and experiences during sedation and TMS-EEG.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We will report the difference of time to ROR between the first and second study visit, and explore potential differences across sex and study arms. We will evaluate state transitions by comparing responsiveness, traditional EEG signatures, TMS-evoked EEG responses (ie, perturbational complexity index), and report on cognition and vigilance test performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This pilot trial will report on the effect of repeated DEX exposure on the recovery period, and the investigation of state transitions will advance our scientific understanding of altered states of consciousness. REDEX will provide valuable insights and data for designing future DEX sedation studies. Moreover, we will report on the potential of biological sex as a confounding factor and the feasibility of TMS-EEG under DEX.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"17 ","pages":"1259-1269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Changes and Pathological Mechanisms in Familial and Sporadic Idiopathic Restless Legs Syndrome: Implications for Inflammation and Cell Adhesion Molecules.","authors":"Xin-Rong He, Jia-Min Song, Jia-Peng Zhao, Jing Zhang, Jing-Tao Feng, Shu-Qin Chen, Zhi-Yuan Zhou, Hong-Ming Wang, Yue Zhang, Ya Feng, Yun-Cheng Wu, Xiao-Ying Zhu","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S512951","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSS.S512951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Individuals affected by restless legs syndrome (RLS) tend to have familial predispositions without fully explained by genetic variants, and transcriptomic analysis may help elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of RLS. The study aims to investigate transcriptomic changes and underlying pathological mechanisms in familial and sporadic idiopathic RLS to uncover potential contributors to its pathogenesis.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This study included 37 RLS patients, 39 unrelated healthy controls and 19 healthy relatives of RLS patients with a positive family history. Messenger RNA (mRNA) extracted from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of these participants was analyzed via next-generation sequencing, followed by GO and KEGG pathway analyses. Differentially expressed mRNAs were validated by RT-qPCR in a subset of patients and controls. The relationships between the expression levels and clinical indices were evaluated via correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After comparing with unrelated healthy controls and excluding genes with similar expression patterns in familial healthy controls, we identified nine upregulated and 28 downregulated mRNAs specifically in RLS patients. GO enrichment analysis indicated that these mRNAs are involved in protein binding and catalytic activity. KEGG analysis revealed that inflammation-related signaling pathways and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) may be associated with RLS. Three specific mRNAs, including SPARCL1, CCL8 and SELE, demonstrated notably downregulated expression in RLS patients and were subsequently validated in a subset of 10 patients and 19 healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed differentially expressed SPARCL1, CCL8 and SELE in RLS patients, indicating the potential involvement of inflammatory pathways and CAMs in RLS pathogenesis. These findings further support the association between RLS, inflammation, and synaptic transmission, providing insights into potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies targeting these pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"17 ","pages":"1231-1247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations on Microcirculation of Optic Nerve Head Before and After OSA Surgery.","authors":"Pei-Wen Lin, Li-Wen Chiu, Chung-Wei Lin, Chun-Tuan Chang, Hsin-Ching Lin","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S493508","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSS.S493508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSA) can compromise oxygenation of the optic nerve and cause glaucomatous optic neuropathy; however, there were no studies to investigate the changes of optic nerve microcirculation in patients with OSA before and after treatment. We conducted the first study to assess whether OSA surgery will change the optic nerve microcirculation in patients with OSA.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective single-blind study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Tertiary medical center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The enrolled patients were completed for overnight polysomnography (PSG) and comprehensive ophthalmologic evaluation, including laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG) for microcirculation of optic nerve head (ONH) before and 3 months after OSA surgery. LSFG measurements were summarized as mean blur rate in all areas (MA), in big vessel area (MV) and in tissue area (MT) of ONH.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine patients underwent upper airway surgery were included. Three months after surgery, 75.9% (22/29) patients, including 15 of 20 patients with severe OSA and 7 of 9 patients with moderate OSA had improvement in apnea/hypopnea index (AHI). The major parameters of PSG significantly improved. Regarding the LSFG parameters, MA (<i>p</i> = 0.023), MV (<i>p</i> = 0.033) and MT (<i>p</i> = 0.026) significantly increased 3 months after surgery. Moreover, there were significant differences in MA (<i>p</i> = 0.035) and MT (<i>p</i> = 0.045) in the AHI-improved subgroup after surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ONH microcirculation significantly improved in the AHI-improved patients with OSA 3 months after upper airway surgery. Upper airway surgery may ameliorate the ONH microcirculation in patients with OSA.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"17 ","pages":"1249-1258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12169017/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Various Acupuncture-Related Therapies for Post-Stroke Sleep Disorders: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Jiaying Lian, Yanhong Jiang, Lingli Kong, Mingqi Zhou","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S507392","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSS.S507392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-stroke sleep disorders (PSSD) are among the most prevalent complications of stroke, significantly impeding neurological recovery and increasing the risk of recurrence. While Western medicine primarily relies on pharmacological treatments, these often come with side effects and inconsistent outcomes. Recent evidence supports the effectiveness of various acupuncture therapies for PSSD, but the optimal treatment strategy remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the efficacy of different acupuncture therapies for PSSD using a network meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted systematic searches in multiple databases, including CNKI (since 1994), VIP (since 1989), CBM (since 1978), WanFang (since 1998), the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (since 2005), PubMed (since 1966), EMBASE (since 1974), The Cochrane Library (since 1993), Web of Science (since 1900), and ClinicalTrials (since 2000). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on acupuncture therapies for PSSD were included up to May 31, 2024. Studies were screened based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and their quality was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 53 RCTs involving 3973 patients were included. The network meta-analysis evaluated 12 interventions. Auricular acupressure combined with Western medicine ranked highest for improving PSQI scores (surface under the cumulative ranking curve [SUCRA]: 96.2%), followed by acupuncture (68.5%) and moxibustion combined with Western medicine (63.6%). For increasing serum 5-HT levels, moxibustion combined with Western medicine ranked highest (SUCRA: 89.3%), followed by acupuncture combined with Western medicine (79.1%). Acupuncture combined with Western medicine was most effective in reducing serum NE levels (SUCRA: 97%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acupuncture therapies are effective for PSSD and it is more effective when used in combination with western medicine. These effects may be mediated by modulating neurotransmitter levels. However, further large-scale, multi-center RCTs are needed to confirm these findings. This study followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023470398).</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"17 ","pages":"1217-1229"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12164837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Bidirectional Causality between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Chronic Kidney Disease via Mendelian Randomization.","authors":"Xiaoning Liu, Mengna Liu, Bijuan Zhong, Xinxin He, Yalai Xu, Zheng Zhou, Pei Qin","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S503387","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSS.S503387","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>It remains unclear about the causal association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) and renal function. This study aimed to explore the bidirectional causal relationship between OSA and CKD and renal function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a 2-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) method to evaluate the causal relationship between OSA and estimated glomerular filtration rate from creatinine (eGFRcrea), eGFR from cystatin C (eGFRcys), urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, MR-Egger, and pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test (MR-PRESSO) were used to calculate the β or odds ratio [OR] and their 95% CIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetically predicted OSA was found to be associated with BUN (β=0.040, 95% CI: 0.013-0.067, p = 0.003), but not associated with CKD (OR = 1.075, 95% CI: 0.916-1.263, p = 0.375), eGFRcrea (β=0.007, 95% CI: -0.004-0.017, p = 0.203), eGFRcys (β=-0.012, 95% CI: -0.026-0.002, p = 0.102), or UACR (β=-0.025, 95% CI: -0.058-0.007, p = 0.122). In the reverse analysis, genetically predicted eGFRcys (OR, 0.687; 95% CI, 0.497-0.950, p = 0.023) and BUN (OR, 1.686; 95% CI, 1.299-2.073, p = 0.008) was associated with an increased risk of OSA. The Cochrane's Q test reveals significant heterogeneity between various single nucleotide polymorphisms. MR-Egger indicated no evidence of genetic pleiotropy. Results were robust using other MR methods in sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Through the two-sample MR analysis, we identified kidney function may have a causal relationship with OSA, but a causal relationship between OSA and CKD and kidney function remains uncertain. More studies are required to better understand the relationship between OSA and CKD and kidney function.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"17 ","pages":"1205-1215"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Weight Change Across Adulthood with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.","authors":"Jiaqi Du, Wenlong Zhao, Yixiang Liu, Siyi Li, Zekun Zhang, Yun Zhou, Wenrui Sun, Hui Ai, Shaoping Nie, Wei Gong","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S520901","DOIUrl":"10.2147/NSS.S520901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The association between weight change across adulthood and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of weight change across adulthood on OSA and subsequent mortality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 2019 participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Weight at ages 20 and 40 was recalled at Exam 1, and height and weight were measured in Exam 5 and used to calculate current body mass index (BMI). Home-based polysomnography was conducted for each enrolled participants in the MESA Sleep Study immediately following Exam 5. The relationship between changes in BMI across adulthood and the risk of OSA was investigated using logistic regression and restricted cubic splines. In addition, the association between BMI change and all-cause mortality was examined using Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2019 participants (median age: 67 years; 930 [46.1%] men), 970 (48.0%) had OSA. Compared to the non-OSA group, participants in the OSA group were older, more often male, and had greater weight changes across adulthood. Logistic regression showed that increased BMI across adulthood was an independent risk factor for OSA. Further studies showed that both mild (0-10%) and significant (>10%) increases in BMI between the ages of 20 and 40 were associated with a higher risk of OSA, and this finding remained after adjustment for current BMI. Subgroup analyses showed consistent results for participants with current BMI <30 or ≥30. In addition, weight gain from age 20 to 40 was also associated with an increased mortality risk after OSA diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Weight gain in early adulthood was associated with a higher risk of OSA and subsequent mortality, regardless of weight status in later life. Therefore, maintaining a normal body weight in early adulthood should be actively promoted to prevent OSA and improve prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"17 ","pages":"1191-1204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12152965/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144275442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}