Nature and Science of Sleep最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the Relationship Between Sleep Quality and Night Eating Syndrome in Overweight Iranian Medical Students.","authors":"Nazanin Alghasi, Ashley-Raye Miles, Amy M Bender, Leeba Rezaie, Nader Salari, Mahdi Aghajani, Habibolah Khazaie","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S571790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S571790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Night Eating Syndrome (NES) is an eating disorder linked to sleep disturbances, overweight status, and reduced quality of life. This study investigated the relationships among NES, sleep quality, and weight-related issues among medical students at Kermanshah University, a population prone to high stress and irregular routines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This correlational analytical study included 353 medical students recruited via quota sampling (2022-2023). Participants completed an online survey comprising demographic data, the Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Data were analyzed using independent <i>t</i>-tests, Mann-Whitney <i>U</i>-tests, and Pearson correlation via SPSS version 24 to examine associations between NES, PSQI, and BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found a low prevalence of clinical NES (0.8%), while 27.2% of students had poor sleep quality and 7.4% were overweight. There was a positive correlation between NES and PSQI global scores (r= 0.196, p <0.001), as well as with subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, medication use, and daytime dysfunction (p<0.05). Furthermore, NES was significantly more prevalent among overweight students compared to non-overweight students (p<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While clinical NES was rare among Iranian medical students, significant correlations were observed between NES, sleep quality, and BMI. Future longitudinal studies are recommended to clarify the causal pathways linking these variables. Additionally, interventions targeting sleep quality and stress management may help reduce night eating behaviors and associated weight outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"18 ","pages":"571790"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13142278/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness and Safety of Electroacupuncture in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Insomnia: A Randomized, Assessor-Blinded, Waitlist-Controlled Pilot Trial.","authors":"Jung-Hwa Lim, So-Hyeon Park, Kyeong-Ok Kim, Chang-Wan Kang, Eun Cho, Bo-Kyung Kim","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S582813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S582813","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of electroacupuncture in patients with treatment-resistant insomnia (TRI) who experienced persistent sleep disturbances despite using medication for more than 3 months.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Fifty patients with TRI were randomly assigned to the experimental or waitlist control group. The experimental group received treatment twice a week for 6 weeks. Sleep parameters including the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), sleep diary, and actigraphy, sleep-related symptoms, quality of life, and costs were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ISI scores significantly decreased in the experimental group from 2 weeks after treatment initiation, with improvements persisting through the post-treatment and the 4-week follow-up (p < 0.02). After 4 weeks, more patients achieved the minimal clinically important difference for the ISI (p = 0.02). PSQI scores differed significantly between groups at follow-up (p = 0.01). Sleep diary analysis revealed improved morning refreshment from 2 weeks after treatment initiation through follow-up (p < 0.02), with a decrease in sleep onset latency of 12-14 min. In contrast, actigraphy-based sleep parameters showed no significant differences between the groups. After two treatment sessions, ISI scores and moderate-to-severe accompanying symptoms improved. EuroQoL visual analogue scale and SF-36 scores also improved significantly (p = 0.002 and p = 0.007, respectively). Adverse events were similar between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Electroacupuncture was associated with improvements in subjective sleep parameters but not in objective actigraphy-based sleep measures in patients with TRI, suggesting that electroacupuncture may be a potential complementary treatment option for patients with insomnia unresponsive to conventional pharmacotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"18 ","pages":"582813"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13142264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Earth Vertical Motions Disrupt Sleep and Next Day Performance.","authors":"Kyle A Kainec, Allison Ludwig, Megan Boltz, John G Oas, J Lynn Caldwell, Daniel M Merfeld","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S587819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S587819","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Overcoming travel-related sleep disturbances due to motions sensed by our vestibular system could help improve cognitive performance and sleep quality in many contexts. However, there is a lack of research that administers controlled motions to understand how motion negatively impacts sleep and cognitive performance.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In this experiment, nine participants (21-39 years, M = 30.3, SD = 6.76; 3 females) completed a 7-day protocol. During nights 1-3, participants wore an Actiwatch and completed sleep diaries at home. On nights 4-7, participants slept in the lab with polysomnographic recording equipment on a bed attached to a movement platform and completed a psychomotor vigilance test at 07:00AM, 1:00PM, 3:00PM, and 5:00PM. On nights 4 and 5, the bed did not move overnight. On nights 6 and 7, the bed was moved upward and downward at 1Hz up to 120 times overnight at levels between 0-100% and 0-600% of each participant's awake perceptual vertical motion threshold, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vertical motions significantly increased arousals from sleep (p =0.014) and worsened morning and midday psychomotor vigilance (p <0.001). Arousals caused by vertical motions occurred less than natural arousals (p <0.001) and had different spectral power (p =0.002). Larger motions strongly and significantly predicted a higher chance of causing arousals (β =0.0016, p <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results provide evidence that overnight vertical motions disrupt sleep, lead to arousals that are distinct from natural arousals, and result in decreased cognitive performance. Strategies to reduce motion could help mitigate travel-related sleep disturbances.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"18 ","pages":"587819"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13142714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances in Sleep and Circadian Characteristics in Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review of the Last Five Years (2020-2025).","authors":"Giulia Cera, Serena Scarpelli, Silvamaria Mastrocola, Margherita Boltri, Federico Brusa, Alberto Scalia, Maurizio Gorgoni, Carolina Lombardi, Leonardo Mendolicchio, Luigi De Gennaro","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S590618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S590618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>A high number of people affected by eating disorders also show severe sleep disturbances, as well as circadian rhythm disruptions. However, research is relatively limited, often yielding conflicting results, especially when comparing clinical populations to healthy controls. Few interventions currently integrate sleep and circadian considerations into ED treatment. This review aims to synthesize recent evidence on sleep and circadian alterations in EDs and to identify research and clinical priorities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic research through four academic databases was conducted during September 2025, seeking studies on the theme published between 2020-2025. Eligible articles were narratively synthesized to provide a comprehensive and recent overview of the state of the art. Quality appraisal tools were used according to the studies' design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies met inclusion criteria. Sleep disturbances were most consistently reported in individuals with anorexia nervosa, including poor sleep quality. Evidence for bulimia nervosa and binge-eating disorder was limited and inconclusive, since only a study was included. Five case-control studies compared clinical populations to healthy controls and three studies assessed the effects of ED-focused treatments on sleep. Two studies evaluated a sleep-specific intervention, while one employed bright light therapy. Objective sleep measures were rarely employed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sleep and circadian disturbances represent an underexplored but clinically relevant dimension of EDs. This review provides a systematically organized synthesis of recent evidence, clarifies diagnosis-specific patterns, and identifies methodological and intervention gaps. Integrating sleep and circadian considerations into assessment and treatment may enhance rehabilitation outcomes and inform the development of more effective, targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"18 ","pages":"590618"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13142267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Disturbances Among Adult Patients with Mood Disorders: A Saudi Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ahmad H Almadani, Ayedh H Alghamdi, Falwah S Alsalman, Abdullah J Alghanim, Refan T Hashim, Abdulrahman I Binbakhit, Aleen A Alkulyah, Reema M Almutairi, Laila A Alfarhan, Abdullah K Muhnna, Malak M Aldakhilallah, Mohammed A Aljaffer","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S576765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S576765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mood disorders (MDs) rank among the most common psychiatric illnesses and frequently co-occur with sleep disturbances that worsen prognosis, impair functioning, and reduce quality of life. This study examines sleep disturbances in patients with MDs at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia (King Khalid University Hospital) and aims to identify the factors correlated with sleep disturbances.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Researchers conducted a cross-sectional study using convenience sampling with 306 participants. The assessment tool included a questionnaire developed by the research team to capture sociodemographic, psychiatric, medical, and sleep-related information, as well as the Arabic versions of the Sleep Hygiene Index (SHI) and the Glasgow Sleep Effort Scale (GSES).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nearly one-third (31.1%) of the participants reported a diagnosed sleep disorder, with insomnia being the most common (80.0%). Univariate analysis revealed that higher SHI scores were significantly associated with younger age (P = 0.024), single marital status (P = 0.002), and smoking (P = 0.006). In the multivariable model, only smoking remained significantly associated with higher SHI scores. Regarding the GSES, unemployment and chronic diseases were linked to higher scores in univariate analysis (P = 0.048 and P = 0.001, respectively). The multivariate analysis indicated that younger age and chronic diseases were significantly associated with higher GSES scores (P = 0.021 and P < 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sleep disturbances occur at high rates among patients with MDs and are associated with behavioral, psychosocial, and medical factors. Targeted interventions addressing smoking, chronic-disease management, and age-specific vulnerabilities may improve sleep quality and overall outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"18 ","pages":"576765"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13142262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Value of Neck-to-Height Ratio in Children with Moderate/Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Tianxu Liu, Xiaoyi Wang, Wen Hu, Yaru Kong, Yiling Wan, Xiaojun Zhan, Jun Tai","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S588036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S588036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a common sleep-disordered breathing condition in children. Moderate/severe OSA can lead to a series of complications, including growth restriction and neurocognitive impairment, severely impacting children's physical and mental health. The gold standard for diagnosing OSA is polysomnography (PSG). Given the limitations of PSG in large-scale screening and the insufficient accuracy and compliance of existing screening tools, exploring simple and reliable screening tools for moderate/severe OSA holds significant clinical importance. This study aims to systematically compare the predictive efficacy of neck-to-height ratio (NHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), hip-to-height ratio (HHR), and BMI Z-score for moderate/severe pediatric OSA, providing more accurate and convenient indicators for clinical screening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed data from 685 children aged 3-16 years who underwent PSG. Using age, gender, tonsil size, and adenoid size as covariates, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to assess the discriminatory ability of NHR, WHtR, HHR, and BMI Z-score in the overall cohort and within age and gender subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NHR demonstrated the highest predictive efficacy in the overall cohort (AUC=0.781), significantly outperforming other indices. Subgroup analysis revealed that NHR maintained excellent predictive performance in children above 10 years, with AUC values of 0.777 in boys and 0.913 in girls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The NHR may serve as a useful adjunctive screening tool for moderate/severe OSA in children above 10 years, showing moderate predictive value and outperforming traditional indices such as WHtR, HHR, and BMI Z-score.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"18 ","pages":"588036"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acupuncture with the Sancai Acupoint Matching Method for Primary Insomnia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Na Zhao, Qianqian Wang, Lutong Li, Lin Tang, Xintong Yu, Ruilong Liang, Haifeng Cun, Jinjin Li, Wenjia Yang, Yunfei Chen","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S590127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S590127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Study objectives: </strong>Primary insomnia (PI) remains a widespread public health concern. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the novel Sancai acupoint matching method for PI, and to explore its potential peripheral biochemical mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods and design: </strong>76 PI patients were randomly assigned to either the real-acupuncture (RA) group or the sham-acupuncture (SA) group, with 38 cases in each group. The RA group received verum acupuncture based on the stated principle over an 8-week treatment period (20 sessions), while the SA group received sham acupuncture. Assessments were conducted at baseline, immediately post-treatment, and at 1, 4- and 12-week follow-ups using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) as the primary outcome measure, along with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). Objective sleep parameters were monitored via polysomnography (PSG), and serum levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were measured before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Improvements in ISI, PSQI, SAS and SDS scores were superior in the RA group compared to the SA group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The objective sleep parameters in the RA group were significantly improved, and the levels of serum 5-HT and BDNF were significantly increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Sancai acupoint matching method is a safe and effective treatment for primary insomnia, significantly improving patients' subjective sleep quality, emotional symptoms, and objective sleep parameters, and upregulating peripheral blood levels of 5-HT and BDNF. These findings support the clinical application of this acupuncture protocol and provide a foundation for subsequent mechanistic studies.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial.Registry, registration ID: ChiCTR2300072229, China.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"18 ","pages":"590127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Night Sleep Duration and Anxiety Among Preschool Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in China.","authors":"Lili Zhang, Yanqi Hu, Dandan He, Xueqing Miao, Xinyi Tang, Lijun Tang, Yi Wang, Jingqiu Ma","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S593442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S593442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to examine the relationship between habitual nighttime sleep duration and anxiety symptoms in preschoolers, and to identify a potential sleep-health threshold for mental health promotion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 1589 participants from two public kindergartens. Parents reported habitual nighttime sleep duration using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and anxiety symptoms using the Preschool Anxiety Scale (PAS). Initial non-parametric tests were supplemented with linear mixed-effects models (LMM) incorporating for fixed effects for sleep duration and covariates, with family cluster as random intercepts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the participants, the mean age was 4.58 ± 0.86 years, and 52.2% were male. Initial nonparametric analysis revealed significant overall differences in anxiety symptoms (PAS: <i>H</i>=8.503, P=0.014) and generalized anxiety (GAD: <i>H</i>=7.427, <i>P</i>=0.024) across nighttime sleep duration groups. Adjusted LMM showed preschoolers with ≤9 hours of nighttime sleep had significantly higher PAS total scores (<i>β</i>=3.13, 95% CI: 1.01~5.25, <i>P</i>=0.004) and elevated scores across multiple anxiety subdomains (physical injury fears, social phobia, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms; all <i>P</i><0.05) compared to >10h sleepers. Although the overall GAD model was nonsignificant (<i>P</i>=0.056), these children showed elevated GAD subscale scores (<i>β</i>=0.60, 95% CI: 0.14~1.07, <i>P</i>=0.011) aligns with prior evidence. Sensitivity analyses using alternative nighttime sleep duration thresholds (8.5h, 9.5h) and weekday-specific data confirmed the robustness of these findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data suggests that nighttime sleep duration of 9 hours is an approximate sleep-health indicator for preschool aged children. These findings reinforce the importance of prioritizing healthy sleep habits as part of early childhood wellness initiatives, including age-appropriate nighttime sleep duration.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"18 ","pages":"593442"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110027/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women During the Second Trimester and Its Association with Birth Outcomes.","authors":"Li Zou, Yueting Jiang, Yuqiao Ma, Zhaozhao Hu, Hong Ming, Sa Xu, Shujie Weng, Meitong Bao, Han Cao, Anyu Luo, Kun Xu, Xuefeng Yang","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S573867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S573867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the sleep quality of pregnant women in mid-pregnancy in Wuhan study and analyze its association with birth outcomes in a cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The sleep quality of 2210 pregnant women in the second trimester from Wuhan were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Dietary quality and prenatal depression were assessed by the dietary variety score (DVS) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), respectively. Birth outcomes were retrieved from the Maternal and Child Health Information System. Principal component analysis, stratified analysis, and binary Logistic regression were used for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 2210 pregnant women, the prevalence of sleep disturbance during the second trimester was 18.14%. After adjusting for confounding factors, a EPDS score ≥ 11, pre-pregnancy alcohol consumption, and moderate to severe vomiting during pregnancy were risk factors for sleep disturbance; while a DVS score ≥ 28 points and exercise during pregnancy were protective factors for sleep disturbance. Sleep disturbance were significantly associated with a reduced risk of large for gestational age (LGA) (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.45-0.94, P = 0.023), macrosomia (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.13-0.86, P = 0.023), and a marginal association with an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB) (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 0.97-2.35, P = 0.065), but stratified interaction analysis showed that sleep disturbance increased the risk of PTB, low birth weight, small for gestational age and small vulnerable neonates in mothers with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 24 kg/m² or delivering a male fetus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinically, it is crucial to enhance sleep quality screening during the second trimester and provide targeted interventions for high-risk groups to improve maternal and infant outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"18 ","pages":"573867"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13101811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Prognostic Nutritional Index With Mortality in High-Risk OSA Individuals and with Disease Severity in Clinical OSA Patients.","authors":"Yan Li, Shudan Deng, Lu Zhai, LiMantian Wang, Lu Zhang, Bomeng Zhao, Huiyan Niu, Xiaoling Gao","doi":"10.2147/NSS.S595054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S595054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) shows marked variability in cardiovascular and mortality risk. The Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI), derived from serum albumin and lymphocyte count, reflects nutritional and inflammatory status, but its relevance in OSA populations remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed 10,229 adults at risk for OSA from NHANES 2005-2008 and 2015-2018, with mortality follow-up through 2019 (median 5.08 years). Survey-weighted Cox models examined associations between PNI and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Dose-response relationships were assessed using restricted cubic splines, and discrimination was evaluated with time-dependent ROC analyses. Subgroup and sensitivity analyses assessed robustness. Additionally, 555 polysomnography-confirmed OSA patients were analyzed cross-sectionally to examine associations between PNI and disease severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During follow-up, 1025 all-cause and 287 cardiovascular deaths occurred. Higher PNI was associated with lower all-cause (adjusted HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.47-0.75) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.57, 95% CI 0.36-0.89), with significant dose-response trends and nonlinear associations for all-cause mortality. Associations were consistent across subgroups and sensitivity analyses. PNI showed better discrimination for mortality than its individual components (12-month AUC 0.74). In the clinical cohort, higher PNI was associated with reduced odds of severe OSA (OR 0.864, 95% CI 0.833-0.896) and lower apnea-hypopnea index.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lower PNI is independently associated with higher mortality risk among individuals at risk for OSA and with greater disease severity in confirmed OSA. These findings highlight the potential clinical relevance of nutritional and immune status in OSA populations. However, the temporal and causal relationships between PNI, OSA severity, and mortality require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18896,"journal":{"name":"Nature and Science of Sleep","volume":"18 ","pages":"595054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13098549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147776727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}