Nature Reviews Microbiology最新文献_第8页

Viruses on the move 移动中的病毒

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01056-8

Andrea Du Toit

引用次数: 0

Bacteriocin diversity, function, discovery and application as antimicrobials 细菌素的多样性、功能、发现以及作为抗菌剂的应用

IF 69.2 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01045-x

Ivan Sugrue, R. Paul Ross, Colin Hill

{"title":"Bacteriocin diversity, function, discovery and application as antimicrobials","authors":"Ivan Sugrue, R. Paul Ross, Colin Hill","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01045-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01045-x","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteriocins are potent antimicrobial peptides that are produced by bacteria. Since their discovery almost a century ago, diverse peptides have been discovered and described, and some are currently used as commercial food preservatives. Many bacteriocins exhibit extensively post-translationally modified structures encoded on complex gene clusters, whereas others have simple linear structures. The molecular structures, mechanisms of action and resistance have been determined for a number of bacteriocins, but most remain incompletely characterized. These gene-encoded peptides are amenable to bioengineering strategies and heterologous expression, enabling metagenomic mining and modification of novel antimicrobials. The ongoing global antimicrobial resistance crisis demands that novel therapeutics be developed to combat infectious pathogens. New compounds that are target-specific and compatible with the resident microbiota would be valuable alternatives to current antimicrobials. As bacteriocins can be broad or narrow spectrum in nature, they are promising tools for this purpose. However, few bacteriocins have gone beyond preclinical trials and none is currently used therapeutically in humans. In this Review, we explore the broad diversity in bacteriocin structure and function, describe identification and optimization methods and discuss the reasons behind the lack of translation beyond the laboratory of these potentially valuable antimicrobials. In this Review, Sugrue, Ross and Hill explore recent developments in bacteriocin research, including new discoveries and bioengineering approaches for improved activity, and discuss their application in microbiome modulation and clinical potential.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140903144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A mosquito symbiont controls flaviviruses 一种蚊子共生体控制黄病毒

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01055-9

Agustina Taglialegna

引用次数: 0

Ecological and evolutionary mechanisms driving within-patient emergence of antimicrobial resistance 驱动抗菌药耐药性在患者内部产生的生态和进化机制

IF 69.2 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01041-1

Matthew J. Shepherd, Taoran Fu, Niamh E. Harrington, Anastasia Kottara, Kendall Cagney, James D. Chalmers, Steve Paterson, Joanne L. Fothergill, Michael A. Brockhurst

{"title":"Ecological and evolutionary mechanisms driving within-patient emergence of antimicrobial resistance","authors":"Matthew J. Shepherd, Taoran Fu, Niamh E. Harrington, Anastasia Kottara, Kendall Cagney, James D. Chalmers, Steve Paterson, Joanne L. Fothergill, Michael A. Brockhurst","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01041-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01041-1","url":null,"abstract":"The ecological and evolutionary mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emergence within patients and how these vary across bacterial infections are poorly understood. Increasingly widespread use of pathogen genome sequencing in the clinic enables a deeper understanding of these processes. In this Review, we explore the clinical evidence to support four major mechanisms of within-patient AMR emergence in bacteria: spontaneous resistance mutations; in situ horizontal gene transfer of resistance genes; selection of pre-existing resistance; and immigration of resistant lineages. Within-patient AMR emergence occurs across a wide range of host niches and bacterial species, but the importance of each mechanism varies between bacterial species and infection sites within the body. We identify potential drivers of such differences and discuss how ecological and evolutionary analysis could be embedded within clinical trials of antimicrobials, which are powerful but underused tools for understanding why these mechanisms vary between pathogens, infections and individuals. Ultimately, improving understanding of how host niche, bacterial species and antibiotic mode of action combine to govern the ecological and evolutionary mechanism of AMR emergence in patients will enable more predictive and personalized diagnosis and antimicrobial therapies. In this Review, Shepherd, Brockhurst and colleagues explore the clinical evidence in support of four major ecological and evolutionary mechanisms of within-patient antimicrobial resistance emergence in bacteria, and how host niche, bacterial species and antibiotic mode of action combine to govern these mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140817851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nitroplast organelle unveiled 硝化细菌细胞器亮相

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01053-x

Ashley York

引用次数: 0

Mycetocola to the rescue 拯救小袋鼠

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01052-y

Agustina Taglialegna

引用次数: 0

The complex life of the HIV-1 full-length RNA HIV-1 全长 RNA 的复杂生命

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01049-7

Ricardo Soto-Rifo

引用次数: 0

Phages get snappy 噬菌体变得敏捷

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01050-0

Andrea Du Toit

引用次数: 0

Shaking up that sick feeling with biofilm sugars 用生物膜糖唤醒生病的感觉

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01047-9

Agustina Taglialegna

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 drug discovery and treatment options COVID-19 药物发现和治疗方案

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-024-01036-y

Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Shuofeng Yuan, Hin Chu, Siddharth Sridhar, Kwok-Yung Yuen

{"title":"COVID-19 drug discovery and treatment options","authors":"Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Shuofeng Yuan, Hin Chu, Siddharth Sridhar, Kwok-Yung Yuen","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01036-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01036-y","url":null,"abstract":"The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused substantial morbidity and mortality, and serious social and economic disruptions worldwide. Unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated older individuals with underlying diseases are especially prone to severe disease. In patients with non-fatal disease, long COVID affecting multiple body systems may persist for months. Unlike SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, which have either been mitigated or remained geographically restricted, SARS-CoV-2 has disseminated globally and is likely to continue circulating in humans with possible emergence of new variants that may render vaccines less effective. Thus, safe, effective and readily available COVID-19 therapeutics are urgently needed. In this Review, we summarize the major drug discovery approaches, preclinical antiviral evaluation models, representative virus-targeting and host-targeting therapeutic options, and key therapeutics currently in clinical use for COVID-19. Preparedness against future coronavirus pandemics relies not only on effective vaccines but also on broad-spectrum antivirals targeting conserved viral components or universal host targets, and new therapeutics that can precisely modulate the immune response during infection. In this Review, Chan et al. explore major drug discovery approaches, preclinical antiviral evaluation models, virus-targeting and host-targeting therapeutic strategies, and key treatments currently used in clinical settings for COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0