Nature Reviews Microbiology最新文献

Next-generation probiotics: an outlook into current applications and future developments. 下一代益生菌：应用现状及未来发展展望。

IF 103.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-026-01311-0

Lara Kern, Adin Tofield, John Frame, Eran Elinav

{"title":"Next-generation probiotics: an outlook into current applications and future developments.","authors":"Lara Kern, Adin Tofield, John Frame, Eran Elinav","doi":"10.1038/s41579-026-01311-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-026-01311-0","url":null,"abstract":"The probiotics field, a historically popular yet scientifically debated discipline, is moving beyond a decades-long promotion of 'first-generation' food-derived strains towards the development of 'next-generation probiotics' (NGP) or 'precision probiotics', natural and engineered strains featuring improved human colonization, clinical efficacy and safety profiles. In this Review, we outline the evolution of NGP and means by which their development is designed to tackle challenges of live bacterial therapy related to colonization resistance, in-host evolution, long-term safety and insufficient understanding of therapeutic and off-target mechanisms of activity. We showcase how a variety of emerging strategies enable the identification of NGP strains and define consortia featuring therapeutic potentials in metabolic, immune and oncological diseases. Finally, we discuss how computational and artificial intelligence (AI) advances can reshape NGP development, including AI-based discovery of strains and bioactive compounds; computational-driven design of engineered microorganisms and multi-kingdom consortia; and AI-assisted structural and metabolic network-based modelling predicting personalized NGP function, interactions and therapeutic impacts.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":103.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Predation in microbial communities: gradients of nutritive killing. 微生物群落的捕食：营养性杀死的梯度。

IF 103.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-026-01299-7

Marie Vasse, Gregory J Velicer

{"title":"Predation in microbial communities: gradients of nutritive killing.","authors":"Marie Vasse, Gregory J Velicer","doi":"10.1038/s41579-026-01299-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-026-01299-7","url":null,"abstract":"Long before nature was 'red in tooth and claw', it was sundered by nano-spears and seeping poisons. Microorganisms were the first predators, and predation has since deeply shaped all major branches of life - from individual traits to collective systems, community dynamics and major evolutionary transitions. Yet, we have only begun to understand how microbial predation influences the genetics, morphology, behaviour, ecology and evolution of microorganisms in natural communities and, in turn, the macroscopic biosphere. With the field advancing rapidly on diverse fronts, integrative conceptual frameworks, questions and research approaches are needed to promote synthetic development of the field. In this Review, we explore the remarkably diverse forms of microbial predation that have evolved so far, considering organismal traits and their molecular foundations alongside the evolutionary ecology of predator-prey interactions in community contexts. Building on a process-based definition, forms of microbial predation are conceptualized along gradients, including gradients of evolutionary adaptedness for predation and of privatization of prey-derived nutrients. Important future research themes include predation origins and early stages of predatory adaptation, effects of diverse forms of predation on community diversity and stability, predator-prey co-evolution in complex communities, and multi-approach development of unicellular predators as biocontrol agents.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":103.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vibrio cholerae defends its way to success. 霍乱弧菌捍卫自己的成功之路。

IF 103.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-026-01317-8

Nisha Singh, Onalenna Neo, Adrian Cazares

引用次数: 0

Microorganisms lock up carbon in soil. 微生物将碳锁在土壤中。

IF 103.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-026-01314-x

Ashish A Malik

引用次数: 0

In search of phage tail-like particles: nature's versatile nanomachines. 寻找噬菌体尾状颗粒：大自然的多功能纳米机器。

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2026-04-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-026-01309-8

Heejung Cho,Thai Q Dao

引用次数: 0

Shared signals shape phages' lifestyles. 共享的信号塑造了噬菌体的生活方式。

IF 103.3 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-026-01310-1

Agustina Taglialegna

引用次数: 0

Restoring soil and sediment microbiomes in the Anthropocene. 在人类世中恢复土壤和沉积物微生物群。

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-026-01307-w

Georgina V Wood,Craig Liddicoat,Jake M Robinson,Martin F Breed

{"title":"Restoring soil and sediment microbiomes in the Anthropocene.","authors":"Georgina V Wood,Craig Liddicoat,Jake M Robinson,Martin F Breed","doi":"10.1038/s41579-026-01307-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-026-01307-w","url":null,"abstract":"Soil and sediment microbiomes have a central role in biogeochemical cycling, climate regulation and ecosystem resilience. However, they are increasingly degraded by land use change, pollution and climate change. Despite their foundational roles in ecosystems, these microbiomes remain under-represented in ecosystem restoration science, practice and policy. Improving the integration of microbiomes across the restoration science-practice-policy nexus is essential for achieving more effective and resilient restoration outcomes. Without this, global restoration risks neglecting the microbial foundations of functional ecosystems and long-term resilience. In this Review, we synthesize the current state of knowledge of soil and sediment microbiome restoration. We describe the major anthropogenic stressors that are degrading these microbiomes, highlighting the linked and context-dependent nature of these impacts, and evaluate existing strategies to restore them. To improve restoration effectiveness, we propose a research workflow that encompasses baseline establishment, degradation diagnostics, designing and testing interventions, research methodology selection and best practice principles. We also outline key theoretical frameworks and propose future research priorities to help soil and sediment microbiome restoration to move towards a predictive, theory-led discipline.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147753066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Present and future distribution of human pathogens in global soils. 人类病原体在全球土壤中的现在和未来分布。

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2026-04-27 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-026-01312-z

Diana S M Ottoz

引用次数: 0

Disentangling metabolic interactions within bacterial communities. 解开细菌群落内的代谢相互作用。

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-026-01313-y

Diana S M Ottoz

引用次数: 0

Phage host range: determinants, dynamics and applications. 噬菌体宿主范围：决定因素、动态和应用。

IF 88.1 1区生物学

Nature Reviews Microbiology Pub Date : 2026-04-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-026-01306-x

Audrey Leprince,Vincent Somerville,Audrey A Addablah,Carlee Morency,Sylvain Moineau

{"title":"Phage host range: determinants, dynamics and applications.","authors":"Audrey Leprince,Vincent Somerville,Audrey A Addablah,Carlee Morency,Sylvain Moineau","doi":"10.1038/s41579-026-01306-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-026-01306-x","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the host range is a fundamental step in characterizing newly isolated phages, as it not only guides their use in therapy and in biocontrol applications but also helps in managing their impact on bioprocesses. Host specificity is typically evaluated through experimental assessment of host cell lysis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms that define host range are rarely explored in a comprehensive manner. Interactions between viral proteins and bacterial surface receptors during adsorption have historically been viewed as the primary determinants of host specificity. However, advances in cataloguing the diversity of bacterial defence systems emphasize that host range is shaped by a complex interplay of phage-host interactions, phage-phage interactions and environmental factors. Moreover, host range is dynamic, being influenced by ongoing coevolution between phages and bacteria as well as by phenotypic variability. As tools are now being developed to predict phage host range at the strain level from genomic data, a deep understanding of the diverse, dynamic factors that shape this host range is essential. In this Review, we provide an integrated perspective on the molecular and ecological determinants of phage host range, explore their dynamics and discuss the implications for phage-based applications.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147735197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0