{"title":"Hepatitis B and D virus entry","authors":"Koichi Watashi, Kaho Shionoya, Chisa Kobayashi, Takeshi Morita","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01121-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01121-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) entry is the initial step of viral infection, leading to the formation of covalently closed circular DNA, which is a molecular reservoir of viral persistence and a key obstacle for HBV cure. The restricted entry of HBV into specific cell types determines the nature of HBV, which has a narrow host range in tissues and species. Hepatitis D virus (HDV) shares viral surface antigens with HBV and thus follows a similar entry mechanism at its early stages. In late 2012, sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide was discovered as an HBV and HDV entry receptor. Since then, the mechanisms of HBV and HDV entry have been extensively analysed. These analyses have expanded our understanding of HBV and HDV host tropism and have provided new strategies for the development of antiviral agents. Notably, the structures of sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide and its interaction with the 2–48 amino acid region of viral preS1 have been recently solved. These findings will stimulate further entry studies. In this Review, we summarize current understanding of HBV and HDV entry and future perspectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Predicting phage–host specificity","authors":"Ashley York","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01132-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01132-z","url":null,"abstract":"In a recent study, Gaborieau, Vaysset, Tesson et al. developed a method to predict phage–host specificity using genomic data.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"23 1","pages":"5-5"},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142671022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Designer viral receptors","authors":"Ashley York","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01133-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01133-y","url":null,"abstract":"In a recent study, Liu, Huang, Guo, McCallum et al. present a method to create functional, customized coronavirus receptors, which could facilitate the development of infection models that do not rely on native receptors.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"23 1","pages":"6-6"},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Iron gatekeeper in malaria","authors":"Ashley York","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01134-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01134-x","url":null,"abstract":"Loveridge and Sigala uncover a divalent metal transporter that is required for cellular iron metabolism in Plasmodium falciparum parasites.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"23 1","pages":"7-7"},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142671024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Waning resistance","authors":"Andrea Du Toit","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01131-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01131-0","url":null,"abstract":"This study provides insights into how adaptive changes in evolved microbial communities can affect pathogen invasion.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"23 1","pages":"7-7"},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gut microbiota clocks in stress","authors":"Agustina Taglialegna","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01130-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01130-1","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Tofani et al. demonstrate that the gut microbiota regulates stress responsiveness in mice via the circadian system.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"23 1","pages":"6-6"},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antibiotic-recalcitrant Salmonella during infection","authors":"Rachel T. Giorgio, Sophie Helaine","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01124-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-024-01124-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antibiotic-recalcitrant infections, defined as the prolonged carriage of pathogenic bacteria even in the presence of antibiotics, are often caused by bacteria that are genetically susceptible to the drug. These recalcitrant bacteria fail to proliferate in the presence of antibiotics but remain viable such that they may recolonize their niche following antibiotic withdrawal. Significant progress has been made in our understanding of antibiotic-recalcitrant <i>Salmonella</i>, which are thought to be the source of infection relapse. In recent years, it has been shown that recalcitrant bacteria manipulate host immune defences and could directly contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance. In this Review, we provide an overview of what is currently known about the antibiotic recalcitrance of <i>Salmonella</i> during infection and highlight knowledge gaps requiring additional research in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"168 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gender justice and prioritizing women and girls in the HIV response","authors":"Nazneen Damji, Lillian Mworeko","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01101-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01101-6","url":null,"abstract":"A strategic dialogue on ‘gender justice in the HIV response’ held at the 25th International AIDS Conference highlighted how bias and discrimination against women and girls in all their diversities disadvantages them in the HIV response. Ending AIDS requires increased participation and leadership by diverse women at all levels of the HIV response.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"23 1","pages":"3-4"},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A mimic targets intracellular Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Agustina Taglialegna","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01129-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01129-8","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Ge et al. develop a mimic of natural killer cells to target and eliminate intracellular Staphylococcus aureus.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"23 1","pages":"7-7"},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A river of resistant genes uncovered by metagenomics","authors":"Onalenna Neo, Nisha Singh, Adrian Cazares","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01127-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01127-w","url":null,"abstract":"This Genome Watch discusses the use of metagenomic sequencing to investigate resistome dynamics in river ecosystems and their associations with the mobilome and microbiome, underscoring the role of rivers as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"23 1","pages":"8-8"},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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