{"title":"Tracking pathogen evolution through climate change","authors":"Lia Bote, Mailis Maes","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01057-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01057-7","url":null,"abstract":"This Genome Watch article discusses the application of sequencing methods for monitoring the rise of infectious diseases associated with climate change.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 7","pages":"390-390"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140949393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Viruses on the move","authors":"Andrea Du Toit","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01056-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01056-8","url":null,"abstract":"This study shows how two umbravirus-like viruses induce systemic infection in the plant host in the absence of virus-encoded movement proteins.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 7","pages":"388-388"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140945514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bacteriocin diversity, function, discovery and application as antimicrobials","authors":"Ivan Sugrue, R. Paul Ross, Colin Hill","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01045-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01045-x","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteriocins are potent antimicrobial peptides that are produced by bacteria. Since their discovery almost a century ago, diverse peptides have been discovered and described, and some are currently used as commercial food preservatives. Many bacteriocins exhibit extensively post-translationally modified structures encoded on complex gene clusters, whereas others have simple linear structures. The molecular structures, mechanisms of action and resistance have been determined for a number of bacteriocins, but most remain incompletely characterized. These gene-encoded peptides are amenable to bioengineering strategies and heterologous expression, enabling metagenomic mining and modification of novel antimicrobials. The ongoing global antimicrobial resistance crisis demands that novel therapeutics be developed to combat infectious pathogens. New compounds that are target-specific and compatible with the resident microbiota would be valuable alternatives to current antimicrobials. As bacteriocins can be broad or narrow spectrum in nature, they are promising tools for this purpose. However, few bacteriocins have gone beyond preclinical trials and none is currently used therapeutically in humans. In this Review, we explore the broad diversity in bacteriocin structure and function, describe identification and optimization methods and discuss the reasons behind the lack of translation beyond the laboratory of these potentially valuable antimicrobials. In this Review, Sugrue, Ross and Hill explore recent developments in bacteriocin research, including new discoveries and bioengineering approaches for improved activity, and discuss their application in microbiome modulation and clinical potential.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 9","pages":"556-571"},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140903144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A mosquito symbiont controls flaviviruses","authors":"Agustina Taglialegna","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01055-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01055-9","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Zhang et al. report that a bacterial symbiont residing in the gut of Aedes albopictus mosquitoes protects them from flavivirus infection.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 7","pages":"387-387"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140903046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew J. Shepherd, Taoran Fu, Niamh E. Harrington, Anastasia Kottara, Kendall Cagney, James D. Chalmers, Steve Paterson, Joanne L. Fothergill, Michael A. Brockhurst
{"title":"Ecological and evolutionary mechanisms driving within-patient emergence of antimicrobial resistance","authors":"Matthew J. Shepherd, Taoran Fu, Niamh E. Harrington, Anastasia Kottara, Kendall Cagney, James D. Chalmers, Steve Paterson, Joanne L. Fothergill, Michael A. Brockhurst","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01041-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01041-1","url":null,"abstract":"The ecological and evolutionary mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emergence within patients and how these vary across bacterial infections are poorly understood. Increasingly widespread use of pathogen genome sequencing in the clinic enables a deeper understanding of these processes. In this Review, we explore the clinical evidence to support four major mechanisms of within-patient AMR emergence in bacteria: spontaneous resistance mutations; in situ horizontal gene transfer of resistance genes; selection of pre-existing resistance; and immigration of resistant lineages. Within-patient AMR emergence occurs across a wide range of host niches and bacterial species, but the importance of each mechanism varies between bacterial species and infection sites within the body. We identify potential drivers of such differences and discuss how ecological and evolutionary analysis could be embedded within clinical trials of antimicrobials, which are powerful but underused tools for understanding why these mechanisms vary between pathogens, infections and individuals. Ultimately, improving understanding of how host niche, bacterial species and antibiotic mode of action combine to govern the ecological and evolutionary mechanism of AMR emergence in patients will enable more predictive and personalized diagnosis and antimicrobial therapies. In this Review, Shepherd, Brockhurst and colleagues explore the clinical evidence in support of four major ecological and evolutionary mechanisms of within-patient antimicrobial resistance emergence in bacteria, and how host niche, bacterial species and antibiotic mode of action combine to govern these mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 10","pages":"650-665"},"PeriodicalIF":69.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140817851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nitroplast organelle unveiled","authors":"Ashley York","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01053-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01053-x","url":null,"abstract":"A recent study reports the existence of a nitrogen-fixing organelle called the ‘nitroplast’.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 6","pages":"323-323"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140639810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mycetocola to the rescue","authors":"Agustina Taglialegna","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01052-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01052-y","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Carrasco Flores et al. report that the bacterium Mycetocola lacteus protects the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii from the antagonistic activity of Pseudomonas protegens.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 6","pages":"324-324"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140639925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The complex life of the HIV-1 full-length RNA","authors":"Ricardo Soto-Rifo","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01049-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01049-7","url":null,"abstract":"In this Journal Club, Ricardo Soto-Rifo discusses a study on intron-containing HIV-1 RNA, revealing its role as a pathogen-associated molecular pattern in myeloid cells, which has implications for immune activation, inflammation and clinical outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 6","pages":"325-325"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140639788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phages get snappy","authors":"Andrea Du Toit","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01050-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01050-0","url":null,"abstract":"This study shows that a single-stranded RNA phage binds to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa type IV pilus, leading to phage entry into the cell and the detachment of the pilus, which impairs bacterial motility.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 6","pages":"324-324"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140632305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Shaking up that sick feeling with biofilm sugars","authors":"Agustina Taglialegna","doi":"10.1038/s41579-024-01047-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41579-024-01047-9","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, Granton et al. show that biofilm-associated exopolysaccharides produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa control sickness during lung infection.","PeriodicalId":18838,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Microbiology","volume":"22 6","pages":"323-323"},"PeriodicalIF":88.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140607750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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