Nature ecology & evolution最新文献

{"title":"Archaean green-light environments drove the evolution of cyanobacteria’s light-harvesting system","authors":"Taro Matsuo, Kumiko Ito-Miwa, Yosuke Hoshino, Yuri I. Fujii, Satomi Kanno, Kazuhiro J. Fujimoto, Rio Tsuji, Shinnosuke Takeda, Chieko Onami, Chihiro Arai, Yoko Yoshiyama, Yoshihisa Mino, Yuki Kato, Takeshi Yanai, Yuichi Fujita, Shinji Masuda, Takeshi Kakegawa, Hideaki Miyashita","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02637-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-025-02637-3","url":null,"abstract":"Cyanobacteria induced the great oxidation event around 2.4 billion years ago, probably triggering the rise in aerobic biodiversity. While chlorophylls are universal pigments used by all phototrophic organisms, cyanobacteria use additional pigments called phycobilins for their light-harvesting antennas—phycobilisomes—to absorb light energy at complementary wavelengths to chlorophylls. Nonetheless, an enigma persists: why did cyanobacteria need phycobilisomes? Here, we demonstrate through numerical simulations that the underwater light spectrum during the Archaean era was probably predominantly green owing to oxidized Fe(III) precipitation. The green-light environments, probably shaped by photosynthetic organisms, may have directed their own photosynthetic evolution. Genetic engineering of extant cyanobacteria, simulating past natural selection, suggests that cyanobacteria that acquired a green-specialized phycobilin called phycoerythrobilin could have flourished under green-light environments. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that the common ancestor of modern cyanobacteria embraced all key components of phycobilisomes to establish an intricate energy transfer mechanism towards chlorophylls using green light and thus gained strong selective advantage under green-light conditions. Our findings highlight the co-evolutionary relationship between oxygenic phototrophs and light environments that defined the aquatic landscape of the Archaean Earth and envision the green colour as a sign of the distinct evolutionary stage of inhabited planets. Cyanobacteria use both chlorophylls and phycobilins to absorb light energy, and authors here use cultivation experiments, numerical simulations and protein phylogenetics to argue that cyanobacteria evolved in a green-light environment during the Archaean era in which green-specialized phycobilins would have been selectively advantageous.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 4","pages":"599-612"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-025-02637-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indigenous communities share how to live with wildlife","authors":"Luíseach Nic Eoin","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02657-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-025-02657-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 3","pages":"367-367"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143435074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multispecies migratory connectivity indicates hemispheric-scale risk to bird populations from global change","authors":"Sarah P. Saunders, William V. DeLuca, Brooke L. Bateman, Jill L. Deppe, Joanna Grand, Erika J. Knight, Timothy D. Meehan, Nicole L. Michel, Nathaniel E. Seavy, Melanie A. Smith, Lotem Taylor, Chad J. Witko, Chad B. Wilsey","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02575-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02575-6","url":null,"abstract":"Global agreements to reduce the extinction risk of migratory species depend critically on intersecting migratory connectivity—the linking of individuals between regions in different seasons—and spatial patterns of environmental change. Here we integrate movement data from >329,000 migratory birds of 112 species to develop a parameter representing exposure to global change: multispecies migratory connectivity. We then combine exposure with projected climate and land-cover changes as a measure of hazard and species conservation assessment scores as a metric of vulnerability to estimate the relative risk of migratory bird population declines across the Western Hemisphere. Multispecies migratory connectivity (exposure) is the strongest driver of risk relative to hazard and vulnerability, indicating the importance of synthesizing connectivity across species to comprehensively assess risk. Connections between breeding regions in Canada and non-breeding regions in South America are at the greatest risk, which underscores the particular susceptibility of long-distance migrants. Over half (54%) of the connections categorized as very high risk include breeding regions in the eastern United States. This three-part framework serves as an ecological risk assessment designed specifically for migratory species, providing both decision support for global biodiversity conservation and opportunities for intergovernmental collaboration to sustain migratory bird populations year-round. On the basis of data from >329,000 migratory birds, this study presents multispecies migratory connectivity as a parameter representing exposure to global change and shows that connections between breeding regions in Canada and non-breeding regions in South America are at greatest risk from global change.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 3","pages":"491-504"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ambitions in national plans do not yet match bold international protection and restoration commitments","authors":"Justine Bell-James, James E. M. Watson","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02636-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-025-02636-4","url":null,"abstract":"Almost 200 nations have made bold commitments to halt biodiversity loss as signatories to the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF). The effective achievement of the GBF relies on domestic targets and actions, reflected in National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans (NBSAPs). NBSAPS are an integral feature of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) framework and signatory nations were requested to submit revised NBSAPs before the 16th Conference of the Parties (COP-16) incorporating the GBF goals and targets. Here we review NBSAPs of the 36 nations that submitted before COP-16 and assess their commitments to implementing target 2 (the 30% restoration target) and target 3 (the 30 × 30 protection target). By first breaking these targets into their constituent elements and assessing the detailed wording of each NBSAP we discover that no nation has created a plan that meets all the requirements—and overall ambitions—of these two targets. With 5 years remaining until the intended realization of the GBF, countries will need to increase both their ambition and action if the biodiversity crisis of the Earth is to be abated. Analysis of the 36 National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans that were submitted to the Convention on Biological Diversity by 21 October 2024 reveal that no nation has yet created a plan that meets all elements of targets 2 and 3 of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 3","pages":"417-424"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143427033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin and stepwise evolution of vertebrate lungs","authors":"Ye Li, Mingliang Hu, Zhigang Zhang, Baosheng Wu, Jiangmin Zheng, Fenghua Zhang, Jiaqi Hao, Tingfeng Xue, Zhaohong Li, Chenglong Zhu, Yuxuan Liu, Lei Zhao, Wenjie Xu, Peidong Xin, Chenguang Feng, Wen Wang, Yilin Zhao, Qiang Qiu, Kun Wang","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02642-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-025-02642-6","url":null,"abstract":"Lungs are essential respiratory organs in terrestrial vertebrates, present in most bony fishes but absent in cartilaginous fishes, making them an ideal model for studying organ evolution. Here we analysed single-cell RNA sequencing data from adult and developing lungs across vertebrate species, revealing significant similarities in cell composition, developmental trajectories and gene expression patterns. Surprisingly, a large proportion of lung-related genes, coexpression patterns and many lung enhancers are present in cartilaginous fishes despite their lack of lungs, suggesting that a substantial genetic foundation for lung development existed in the last common ancestor of jawed vertebrates. In addition, the 1,040 enhancers that emerged since the last common ancestor of bony fishes probably contain lung-specific elements that led to the development of lungs. We further identified alveolar type 1 cells as a mammal-specific alveolar cell type, along with several mammal-specific genes, including ager and sfta2, that are highly expressed in lungs. Functional validation showed that deletion of sfta2 in mice leads to severe respiratory defects, highlighting its critical role in mammalian lung features. Our study provides comprehensive insights into the evolution of vertebrate lungs, demonstrating how both regulatory network modifications and the emergence of new genes have shaped lung development and specialization across species. An analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing data from adult and developing lungs across vertebrate species reveals genetic components in the common ancestor of jawed vertebrates and new lung-specific enhancers that contribute to the evolution of vertebrate lungs.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 4","pages":"672-691"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planting for posterity","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02644-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-025-02644-4","url":null,"abstract":"Ex situ plant collections are key tools in the fight to preserve biodiversity. Numerous opportunities and challenges exist among their many different forms, but all are valuable.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 2","pages":"181-182"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-025-02644-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Killer whale (Orcinus orca)","authors":"Filipa I. P. Samarra","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02634-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02634-y","url":null,"abstract":"Filipa Samarra is hooked on killer whale behaviour.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 2","pages":"364-364"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macroevolution along developmental lines of least resistance in fly wings","authors":"Patrick T. Rohner, David Berger","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02639-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-025-02639-1","url":null,"abstract":"Evolutionary change requires genetic variation, and a reigning paradigm in biology is that rates of microevolution can be predicted from estimates of available genetic variation within populations. However, the accuracy of such predictions should decay on longer evolutionary timescales, as the influence of genetic constraints diminishes. Here we show that intrinsic developmental variability and standing genetic variation in wing shape in two distantly related flies, Drosophila melanogaster and Sepsis punctum, are aligned and predict deep divergence in the dipteran phylogeny, spanning >900 taxa and 185 million years. This alignment cannot be easily explained by constraint hypotheses unless most of the quantified standing genetic variation is associated with deleterious side effects and is effectively unusable for evolution. However, phenotyping of 71 genetic lines of S. punctum revealed no covariation between wing shape and fitness, lending no support to this hypothesis. We also find little evidence for genetic constraints on the pace of wing shape evolution along the dipteran phylogeny. Instead, correlational selection related to allometric scaling, simultaneously shaping developmental variability and deep divergence in fly wings, emerges as a potential explanation for the observed alignment. This suggests that pervasive natural selection has the potential to shape developmental architectures of some morphological characters such that their intrinsic variability predicts their long-term evolution. Analysing wing shapes within and across distantly related dipteran lineages, the authors show that intrapopulation variation reflecting microevolutionary change can predict deep divergence at macroevolutionary timescales spanning 185 million years, and suggest that this pattern can be explained by correlational selection related to allometric scaling.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 4","pages":"639-651"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-025-02639-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative genomics provides insights into chromosomal evolution and immunological adaptation in horseshoe bats","authors":"Shilin Tian, Junyu Si, Libiao Zhang, Jiaming Zeng, Xiangyi Zhang, Chen Huang, Gang Li, Caoqi Lei, Xuming Zhou, Rong Geng, Peng Zhou, Huan Yan, Stephen J. Rossiter, Huabin Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02638-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-025-02638-2","url":null,"abstract":"Horseshoe bats are natural hosts of zoonotic viruses, yet the genetic basis of their antiviral immunity is poorly understood. Here we generated two new chromosomal-level genome assemblies for horseshoe bat species (Rhinolophus) and three close relatives, and show that, during their diversification, horseshoe bats underwent extensive chromosomal rearrangements and gene expansions linked to segmental duplications. These expansions have generated new adaptive variations in type I interferons and the interferon-stimulated gene ANXA2R, which potentially enhance antiviral states, as suggested by our functional assays. Genome-wide selection screens, including of candidate introgressed regions, uncover numerous putative molecular adaptations linked to immunity, including in viral receptors. By expanding taxon coverage to ten horseshoe bat species, we identify new variants of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2, and report convergent functionally important residues that could explain wider patterns of susceptibility across mammals. We conclude that horseshoe bats have numerous signatures of adaptation, including some potentially related to immune response to viruses, in genomic regions with diverse and multiscale mutational changes. A comparative analysis of bat genomes, including five newly assembled chromosome-scale genomes, provides insights into the diversification of horseshoe bats and reveals molecular adaptations with a potential role in antiviral immune response.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 4","pages":"705-720"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The current state, opportunities and challenges for upscaling private investment in biodiversity in Europe","authors":"Sophus O.S.E. zu Ermgassen, Isobel Hawkins, Thomas Lundhede, Qian Liu, Bo Jellesmark Thorsen, Joseph W. Bull","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02632-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02632-0","url":null,"abstract":"European countries have committed to ambitious upscaling of privately funded nature conservation. We review the status and drivers of biodiversity finance in Europe. By implementing semistructured interviews with 25 biodiversity finance key informants and three focus groups across Europe, we explore opportunities and challenges for upscaling private investment in nature. Opportunities arise from macroeconomic and regulatory changes, along with various technological and financial innovations and growing professional experience. However, persistent barriers to upscaling include the ongoing lack of highly profitable investment opportunities and the multitude of risks facing investors, including political, ecological and reputational risks influencing supply and demand of investment opportunities. Public policy plays the foundational role in creating and hindering these mechanisms. Public policy can create nature markets and investment opportunities, meanwhile agricultural subsidies and poor coordination between public funding sources undermine the supply of return-seeking investment opportunities. Investors demand derisking investments from uncertainties; in part caused by political uncertainty. These markets require profound state intervention to enable upscaling whilst achieving positive ecological outcomes; private investment will probably not upscale without major public policy change and public investment. Semistructured interviews and focus groups with experts in biodiversity finance in Europe identify opportunities and barriers to upscaling private investment in biodiversity, and emphasize that public policy is the key to enabling progression.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 3","pages":"515-524"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02632-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}