Nature ecology & evolution最新文献

{"title":"Serving the truth or the state?","authors":"Megan Raby","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03159-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-03159-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 9","pages":"1587-1588"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The shape of fitness functions and the distribution of mutational effect sizes jointly limit adaptation by regulatory mutations","authors":"Simon Aubé, Alexandre K. Dubé, Christian R. Landry","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03142-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-03142-x","url":null,"abstract":"Mutations in gene regulatory regions have been shown to play a role in rapid adaptation, but the factors determining their contribution are largely unknown. Here, using the metabolic enzyme cytosine deaminase of budding yeast, we examine whether adaptation to 5-fluorocytosine, which requires reduced cytosine deamination and can readily arise from amino acid substitutions, may be reached by single promoter mutations. We generated all single-nucleotide substitutions and indels in the FCY1 promoter and assayed the resulting mutants in presence of 5-fluorocytosine. This revealed that no promoter mutation is sufficient for adaptation to occur. We next investigated how this inaccessibility of adaptation arises by combining large-scale expression measurements with the experimental characterization of the corresponding expression–fitness function. These experiments showed that the shape of this function precludes single promoter mutations from being adaptive. Although 24% of mutations significantly affect expression, the fitness curve is flat around wild-type level. As such, adaptation can only emerge from a severe reduction of expression, which cannot occur from a single mutation in the promoter. Our results show that the contribution of regulatory mutations to rapid adaptation depends not only on the distribution of mutational effect sizes on expression level but also on the shape of the function linking fitness to expression levels. Saturation mutagenesis of the FCY1 promoter in budding yeast shows that adaptation to 5-fluorocytosine is not accessible through single cis-regulatory mutations, despite large mutational effects on protein abundance.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 9","pages":"1723-1740"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148670219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicted decline in common bird and butterfly species even under conservation policy scenarios in Europe","authors":"Stanislas Rigal, Maxime Lenormand, Léa Tardieu, Hany Alonso, Ainārs Auniņš, Tristan R. M. Bakx, Michiel P. Boom, Mattia Brambilla, Lluís Brotons, Tomasz Chodkiewicz, Benoît Fontaine, Zdenek Faltynek Fric, Anna Gamero, Sergi Herrando, John Atle Kålås, Johannes Kamp, Petras Kurlavičius, Mikko Kuussaari, Aleksi Lehikoinen, Dirk Maes, Xavier Mestdagh, Martin Musche, Ingar Jostein Øien, Lars B. Pettersson, Jiří Reif, Johannes Rüdisser, Martina Šašić, Reto Schmucki, Josef Settele, Constanti Stefanescu, Bård Gunnar Stokke, Nicolas Strebel, Nicolas Titeux, Sven Trautmann, Chris Van Swaay, Sandra Luque","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03139-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-03139-6","url":null,"abstract":"In response to increasing human pressures on biodiversity, conservation targets have been set to reduce these pressures and halt biodiversity decline. However, consequences of these objectives on common species are rarely studied. We analyse the effect of a range of drivers related to climate, land use and land-use intensity on 265 common bird and 144 common butterfly species from more than 20,000 sites between 2000 and 2021 across 27 European countries. We use land use and land-use intensity scenarios produced previously using the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) Nature Futures Framework and climate change scenarios to project biodiversity drivers in Europe up to 2050. We translate these driver changes into abundance variations for common bird and butterfly species and for multi-species indicators used to monitor common biodiversity status in Europe. The projected trends relatively improve, while still declining for birds, notably farmland species, under the scenarios meeting conservation objectives, with few effects on butterflies. No scenario shows a stop or a reversal in the average decline in abundance of bird and butterfly species. Our results therefore question the common biodiversity future under current conservation policies and highlight the need for other anticipatory frameworks not implicitly based on a growing need for natural resources. Projections for 265 common bird and 144 common butterfly species across Europe under multiple sustainability scenarios, including those of existing conservation objectives, find no scenario in which the average decline in abundance stops or reverses.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 9","pages":"1694-1708"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148648900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Widespread carbon accumulation in mature forests remains underestimated by satellite observations","authors":"Lei Ma, George Hurtt, Hao Tang, Dalei Hao, Philippe Ciais, Yude Pan, Stephen Sitch, Pierre Friedlingstein, Ralph Dubayah, Matheus Henrique Nunes, Xinyuan Wei","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03151-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-03151-w","url":null,"abstract":"Mature forests are often assumed to approach carbon saturation, yet their role in continued carbon accumulation remains uncertain. Here we show that, across the conterminous USA, carbon accumulation in mature forests, covering ~72% of forest area, is systematically underrepresented by current satellite-derived biomass estimates relative to lidar, forest inventories and ecosystem models. Satellite estimates indicate near-neutral biomass changes over recent decades, whereas forest inventories estimate an increase of 102 TgC yr−1. Repeat lidar and forest inventory measurements reveal widespread structural and carbon growth, including in tall forests. By contrast, satellite estimates fail to capture growth beyond canopy closure, showing little biomass increase once canopy height exceeds ~16 m. This asymmetric bias preferentially detects losses over gains yielding a weaker inferred land carbon sink. These findings reveal a critical observational gap in carbon dynamics in mature forests, suggesting that the land carbon sink may be systematically underestimated and highlighting the need for Earth observations sensitive to forest structure and their integration with forest inventories and ecosystem models. The authors combine satellites, repeat airborne lidar, dynamic global vegetation models and field plot monitoring across the conterminous USA to show widespread continued carbon accumulation in mature forests that remains systematically underestimated by satellite-based analyses.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 10","pages":"1864-1872"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148648930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying biotic and abiotic roles in marine clade extinction","authors":"Haijun Song, Xiaokang Liu, Jacopo Dal Corso, Daoliang Chu, Xu Dai, Li Tian, Huyue Song, Yuyang Wu, Fengyu Wang, Daniele Silvestro","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03134-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-03134-x","url":null,"abstract":"Clade extinction is a crucial process that contributes to the loss of evolutionary history. The extinction of abundant and diverse clades has been linked to a range of abiotic and biotic factors, but their relative contributions and importance remain debated. Here, by analysing the fossil record of 12 major extinct marine clades, we show a consistent extinction trajectory comprising two phases: a slow, age-dependent decline followed by a fast, environment-triggered wipe-out. In the first phase, the clade proportional diversity (the diversity of a clade relative to the combined diversity of its ecologically similar taxa) steadily declined, largely independent of environmental factors such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, sea level and carbon-cycle variations, and instead reflecting biotic drivers such as competition and niche contraction. Once proportional diversity fell below a critical threshold (mean of approximately 0.13), major abiotic perturbations acted as the ‘last straw’, causing the clade extinction. Simulation and analytical models corroborate this pattern, showing near-zero extinction risk at high proportional diversity, but a steep risk rise once thresholds are crossed owing to reduced ecological dominance and narrowed functional roles. These findings reveal additive effects of biotic–abiotic factors in driving clade extinction, providing a predictive hypothesis for assessing future extinction risk among modern clades. The relative importance of biotic and abiotic factors in clade extinction is unclear. Here the authors identify 2 extinction phases in 12 extinct marine clades, an initial, gradual decline reflecting biotic factors and a second, faster decline reflecting abiotic, environmental factors.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 9","pages":"1614-1627"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148605266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alan M. Wilson (1964–2026)","authors":"Andrew A. Biewener, Richard J. Bomphrey, Andrea H. Gaede, John R. Hutchinson, James R. Usherwood, Timothy G. West, Anna R. Wilson","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03148-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-03148-5","url":null,"abstract":"Visionary comparative biomechanist and physiologist who pioneered experimental methods for laboratory and field research into large-mammal locomotor performance and ecology.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 9","pages":"1585-1586"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-026-03148-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crested rat (Lophiomys imhausi)","authors":"Ignacio A. Lazagabaster","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03152-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-03152-9","url":null,"abstract":"Ignacio Lazagabaster’s finding of the bones of this poisonous mammal in a desert cave suggested a far greener history of the Judean Desert.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 9","pages":"1788-1788"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148584717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Missing: amelogenin Y","authors":"Devin L. Ward","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03155-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-03155-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 8","pages":"1394-1394"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148579356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Forecasting cyanobacterial blooms requires improved understanding of species interactions","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03132-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-03132-z","url":null,"abstract":"Daily monitoring by underwater imaging of an entire lake plankton community over five years reveals that grazing, competition and facilitation dynamically modify the temperature and nutrient conditions in which toxic cyanobacterial blooms can form.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 8","pages":"1403-1404"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148552662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological fidelity of a satellite-derived forest resilience indicator in the Amazon","authors":"Kexin Song, James Knighton, Shi Qiu, Xiucheng Yang, Ji Won Suh, Julia V. Tavares, Yanlan Liu, Xiaonan Tai, Robert Fahey, Christopher S. R. Neigh, Russell Callahan, Falu Hong, Tian Li, Ashley Grinstead, Wei Ren, Chandi Witharana, S. Blair Hedges, Zhiqiang Yang, Rodrigo Vieira Leite, Paulo R. L. Bittencourt, Zhe Zhu","doi":"10.1038/s41559-026-03116-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-026-03116-z","url":null,"abstract":"Reliable resilience indicators are urgently needed to monitor global forest health under increasing climate stress. Lag-1 temporal autocorrelation (TAC) of satellite vegetation indices captures forest recovery speed and is widely used as a resilience metric, but its mechanistic underpinnings and methodological reliability have been questioned. Here we use Landsat observations and field data from the Amazon to investigate how satellite-derived TAC relates to in situ measurements of the hydraulic safety margin (HSM), a key physiological trait for plants’ capacity to accommodate drier conditions. We find a strong direct correlation between HSM and the resilience proxy (1-TAC) (R2 up to 0.57, P = 0.0116), providing evidence that forest recovery speed is constrained by drought resistance. A model incorporating both HSM and cumulative water deficit explains up to 83% of the variance in resilience, indicating that hydraulic strategies and local climate act as a joint, primary axis of forest resilience. Importantly, we show that this relationship is contingent on the selected vegetation index, the temporal frequency of satellite observations and the rolling window size. Taken together, our findings establish the physiological fidelity of TAC as a forest resilience metric and offer methodological guidance. This analysis shows that a widely used satellite-based ecosystem resilience indicator is a real signal linked to plant physiological responses to water deficit, provided that the estimation is based on appropriate methodological choice.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 9","pages":"1682-1693"},"PeriodicalIF":17.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-026-03116-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148549697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}