Nature ecology & evolution最新文献

{"title":"Gradual exacerbation of obstetric constraints during hominoid evolution implied by re-evaluation of cephalopelvic fit in chimpanzees","authors":"Nicole M. Webb, Cinzia Fornai, Viktoria A. Krenn, Laura M. Watson, Eva C. Herbst, Martin Haeusler","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02558-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02558-7","url":null,"abstract":"Under the obstetrical dilemma hypothesis, sexual dimorphism in pelvic shape is a solution to accommodate high fetopelvic constraints. It is therefore unclear why chimpanzees display a human-like pattern of pelvic sexual dimorphism despite having easier births enabled by small neonates and capacious pelvic canals. Here we reassessed chimpanzee fetopelvic fit using three-dimensional simulations, revealing a similarly constricted midpelvis as in humans, with even narrower outlet dimensions. Geometric morphometric analyses confirm that female chimpanzees have larger pelvic canals than males despite a smaller body size and a morphology that maximizes pelvic dimensions favourable for parturition, particularly in smaller-bodied individuals. Together with evidence for increased neurological immaturity at birth relative to monkeys, our findings imply substantial obstetric constraints in chimpanzees and possibly other apes. We therefore propose that difficult birth did not arise abruptly in Homo with increasing encephalization but evolved gradually through a series of obstetric compromises from an already constricted birth canal shared across anthropoid primates. Specifically, we propose that obstetric selection pressures exacerbated incrementally with the stiffening of the symphysis that accompanied body size increase in hominoids, while subsequent adaptations to bipedalism shortened the ilium. The resulting contorted birth canal required obligatory fetal rotation, thus greatly increasing birth difficulty. The ‘obstetrical dilemma’ hypothesis states that opposing selective pressures from an increased neonatal brain size and efficient bipedal locomotion constrain the birth canal in humans. However, three-dimensional simulations of chimpanzee fetopelvic fit indicate a constricted midpelvis comparable to humans, indicative of obstetric constraints that may be shared with apes thereby suggesting a gradual exacerbation of birth difficulty in hominoid evolution.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2228-2238"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene expression in developing hemichordates gives insights into deuterostome evolution","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02563-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02563-w","url":null,"abstract":"Hemichordates hold a key position in the animal tree of life that makes them a useful organism for genetic studies that compare the evolutionary mechanisms behind different metazoan life strategies. Gene expression analysis in developing hemichordates suggests that the last common ancestor (LCA) of deuterostomes might be more similar to the LCA of bilaterians than previously thought.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2161-2162"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142452639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemichordate cis-regulatory genomics and the gene expression dynamics of deuterostomes","authors":"Alberto Pérez-Posada, Che-Yi Lin, Tzu-Pei Fan, Ching-Yi Lin, Yi-Chih Chen, José Luis Gómez-Skarmeta, Jr-Kai Yu, Yi-Hsien Su, Juan J. Tena","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02562-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02562-x","url":null,"abstract":"Deuterostomes are one major group of bilaterians composed by hemichordates and echinoderms (collectively called Ambulacraria) and chordates. Comparative studies between these groups can provide valuable insights into the nature of the last common ancestor of deuterostomes and that of bilaterians. Indirect development of hemichordates, with larval phases similar to echinoderms and an adult body plan with an anteroposterior polarity like chordates and other bilaterians, makes them a suitable model for studying the molecular basis of development among deuterostomes. However, a comprehensive, quantitative catalogue of gene expression and chromatin dynamics in hemichordates is still lacking. In this study, we analysed the transcriptomes and chromatin accessibility of multiple developmental stages of the indirect-developing hemichordate Ptychodera flava. We observed that P. flava development is underpinned by a biphasic transcriptional program probably controlled by distinct genetic networks. Comparisons with other bilaterian species revealed similar transcriptional and regulatory dynamics during hemichordate gastrulation, cephalochordate neurulation and elongation stages of annelids. By means of regulatory networks analysis and functional validations by transgenesis experiments in echinoderms, we propose that gastrulation is the stage of highest molecular resemblance in deuterostomes and that much of the molecular basis of deuterostome development was probably present in the bilaterian last common ancestor. Analysis of transcriptomes and chromatin accessibility of multiple developmental stages of the indirect-developing hemichordate Ptychodera flava shows similar transcriptional dynamics of different developmental stages across hemichordates, echinoderms and chordates.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2213-2227"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02562-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142448350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grassland communities rapidly respond to climate change to settle climatic debts","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02561-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02561-y","url":null,"abstract":"Compositional shifts in forest communities are known to not keep pace with climate change, which leads to accumulating ‘climatic debts’. We show that grassland communities in California are transforming rapidly, at a pace similar to that of climate warming and drying, and are paying off their climatic debts continuously.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2159-2160"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid shifts in grassland communities driven by climate change","authors":"Kai Zhu, Yiluan Song, Josephine C. Lesage, Justin C. Luong, James W. Bartolome, Nona R. Chiariello, Joan Dudney, Christopher B. Field, Lauren M. Hallett, Michele Hammond, Susan P. Harrison, Grey F. Hayes, Richard J. Hobbs, Karen D. Holl, Peter Hopkinson, Loralee Larios, Michael E. Loik, Laura R. Prugh","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02552-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02552-z","url":null,"abstract":"Many terrestrial plant communities, especially forests, have been shown to lag in response to rapid climate change. Grassland communities may respond more quickly to novel climates, as they consist mostly of short-lived species, which are directly exposed to macroclimate change. Here we report the rapid response of grassland communities to climate change in the California Floristic Province. We estimated 349 vascular plant species’ climatic niches from 829,337 occurrence records, compiled 15 long-term community composition datasets from 12 observational studies and 3 global change experiments, and analysed community compositional shifts in the climate niche space. We show that communities experienced significant shifts towards species associated with warmer and drier locations at rates of 0.0216 ± 0.00592 °C yr−1 (mean ± s.e.) and −3.04 ± 0.742 mm yr−1, and these changes occurred at a pace similar to that of climate warming and drying. These directional shifts were consistent across observations and experiments. Our findings contrast with the lagged responses observed in communities dominated by long-lived plants and suggest greater biodiversity changes than expected in the near future. Plant community responses to climate change tend to be lagged in forests, but could be faster in grasslands. Here, the authors integrate long-term experimental data with >1 million occurrence records for >300 species, finding grassland community shifts towards species associated with warmer and drier conditions at a pace that aligns with that of climate change.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2252-2264"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02552-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142440261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global distribution and drivers of wood density and their impact on forest carbon stocks","authors":"Lidong Mo, Thomas W. Crowther, Daniel S. Maynard, Johan van den Hoogen, Haozhi Ma, Lalasia Bialic-Murphy, Jingjing Liang, Sergio de-Miguel, Gert-Jan Nabuurs, Peter B. Reich, Oliver L. Phillips, Meinrad Abegg, Yves C. Adou Yao, Giorgio Alberti, Angelica M. Almeyda Zambrano, Braulio Vilchez Alvarado, Esteban Alvarez-Dávila, Patricia Alvarez-Loayza, Luciana F. Alves, Iêda Amaral, Christian Ammer, Clara Antón-Fernández, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Luzmila Arroyo, Valerio Avitabile, Gerardo A. Aymard, Timothy R. Baker, Radomir Bałazy, Olaf Banki, Jorcely G. Barroso, Meredith L. Bastian, Jean-Francois Bastin, Luca Birigazzi, Philippe Birnbaum, Robert Bitariho, Pascal Boeckx, Frans Bongers, Coline C. F. Boonman, Olivier Bouriaud, Pedro H. S. Brancalion, Susanne Brandl, Francis Q. Brearley, Roel Brienen, Eben N. Broadbent, Helge Bruelheide, Filippo Bussotti, Roberto Cazzolla Gatti, Ricardo G. César, Goran Cesljar, Robin Chazdon, Han Y. H. Chen, Chelsea Chisholm, Hyunkook Cho, Emil Cienciala, Connie Clark, David Clark, Gabriel D. Colletta, David A. Coomes, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, José J. Corral-Rivas, Philip M. Crim, Jonathan R. Cumming, Selvadurai Dayanandan, André L. de Gasper, Mathieu Decuyper, Géraldine Derroire, Ben DeVries, Ilija Djordjevic, Jiri Dolezal, Aurélie Dourdain, Nestor Laurier Engone Obiang, Brian J. Enquist, Teresa J. Eyre, Adandé Belarmain Fandohan, Tom M. Fayle, Ted R. Feldpausch, Leandro V. Ferreira, Leena Finér, Markus Fischer, Christine Fletcher, Lorenzo Frizzera, Javier G. P. Gamarra, Damiano Gianelle, Henry B. Glick, David J. Harris, Andrew Hector, Andreas Hemp, Geerten Hengeveld, Bruno Hérault, John L. Herbohn, Martin Herold, Peter Hietz, Annika Hillers, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Cang Hui, Thomas Ibanez, Nobuo Imai, Andrzej M. Jagodziński, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Vivian Kvist Johannsen, Carlos A. Joly, Tommaso Jucker, Ilbin Jung, Viktor Karminov, Kuswata Kartawinata, Elizabeth Kearsley, David Kenfack, Deborah K. Kennard, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Gunnar Keppel, Mohammed Latif Khan, Timothy J. Killeen, Hyun Seok Kim, Kanehiro Kitayama, Michael Köhl, Henn Korjus, Florian Kraxner, Dmitry Kucher, Diana Laarmann, Mait Lang, Simon L. Lewis, Yuanzhi Li, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Huicui Lu, Natalia V. Lukina, Brian S. Maitner, Yadvinder Malhi, Eric Marcon, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Andrew R. Marshall, Emanuel H. Martin, James K. McCarthy, Jorge A. Meave, Omar Melo-Cruz, Casimiro Mendoza, Irina Mendoza-Polo, Stanislaw Miscicki, Cory Merow, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Vanessa S. Moreno, Sharif A. Mukul, Philip Mundhenk, María Guadalupe Nava-Miranda, David Neill, Victor J. Neldner, Radovan V. Nevenic, Michael R. Ngugi, Pascal A. Niklaus, Petr Ontikov, Edgar Ortiz-Malavasi, Yude Pan, Alain Paquette, Alexander Parada-Gutierrez, Elena I. Parfenova, Minjee Park, Marc Parren, Narayanaswamy Parthasarathy, Pablo L. Peri, Sebastian Pfautsch, Nicolas Picard, Maria Teresa F. Piedade, Daniel Piotto, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Lourens Poorter, Axel Dalberg Poulsen, John R. Poulsen, Hans Pretzsch, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Zorayda Restrepo-Correa, Sarah J. Richardson, Mirco Rodeghiero, Samir G. Rolim, Anand Roopsind, Francesco Rovero, Ervan Rutishauser, Purabi Saikia, Christian Salas-Eljatib, Philippe Saner, Peter Schall, Mart-Jan Schelhaas, Dmitry Schepaschenko, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Bernhard Schmid, Jochen Schöngart, Eric B. Searle, Vladimír Seben, Josep M. Serra-Diaz, Douglas Sheil, Anatoly Z. Shvidenko, Ana Carolina Da Silva, Javier E. Silva-Espejo, Marcos Silveira, James Singh, Plinio Sist, Ferry Slik, Bonaventure Sonké, Enio Egon Sosinski Jr., Alexandre F. Souza, Krzysztof J. Stereńczak, Jens-Christian Svenning, Miroslav Svoboda, Ben Swanepoel, Natalia Targhetta, Nadja Tchebakova, Hans ter Steege, Raquel Thomas, Elena Tikhonova, Peter M. Umunay, Vladimir A. Usoltsev, Renato Valencia, Fernando Valladares, Peter M. Van Bodegom, Fons van der Plas, Tran Van Do, Michael E. van Nuland, Rodolfo M. Vasquez, Hans Verbeeck, Helder Viana, Alexander C. Vibrans, Simone Vieira, Klaus von Gadow, Hua-Feng Wang, James V. Watson, Gijsbert D. A. Werner, Florian Wittmann, Hannsjoerg Woell, Verginia Wortel, Roderick Zagt, Tomasz Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, Chunyu Zhang, Xiuhai Zhao, Mo Zhou, Zhi-Xin Zhu, Irie C. Zo-Bi, Constantin M. Zohner","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02564-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02564-9","url":null,"abstract":"The density of wood is a key indicator of the carbon investment strategies of trees, impacting productivity and carbon storage. Despite its importance, the global variation in wood density and its environmental controls remain poorly understood, preventing accurate predictions of global forest carbon stocks. Here we analyse information from 1.1 million forest inventory plots alongside wood density data from 10,703 tree species to create a spatially explicit understanding of the global wood density distribution and its drivers. Our findings reveal a pronounced latitudinal gradient, with wood in tropical forests being up to 30% denser than that in boreal forests. In both angiosperms and gymnosperms, hydrothermal conditions represented by annual mean temperature and soil moisture emerged as the primary factors influencing the variation in wood density globally. This indicates similar environmental filters and evolutionary adaptations among distinct plant groups, underscoring the essential role of abiotic factors in determining wood density in forest ecosystems. Additionally, our study highlights the prominent role of disturbance, such as human modification and fire risk, in influencing wood density at more local scales. Factoring in the spatial variation of wood density notably changes the estimates of forest carbon stocks, leading to differences of up to 21% within biomes. Therefore, our research contributes to a deeper understanding of terrestrial biomass distribution and how environmental changes and disturbances impact forest ecosystems. Wood density is an important plant trait. Data from 1.1 million forest inventory plots and 10,703 tree species show a latitudinal gradient in wood density, with temperature and soil moisture explaining variation at the global scale and disturbance also having a role at the local level.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2195-2212"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02564-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142436280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slow progress in mending the laws of botanical nomenclature","authors":"Kevin R. Thiele, Gideon F. Smith","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02569-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02569-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accuracy and clarity in the names of species are achieved through globally agreed rules: the various international codes of nomenclature. For plants, proposed amendments to these rules¹ are debated during a week-long side meeting of the International Botanical Congress, which is held once every six years — most recently in Madrid in mid-July 2024 (ref. ²). Amendments accepted by delegates to that meeting will be included in the next published <i>International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants</i> (hereafter, <i>Code</i>), due in 2025. Three controversial issues were considered at the 2024 International Botanical Congress, two of which focused on addressing ethical issues that arise from historical nomenclature and one of which aimed at future-proofing the type method to ensure that biological nomenclature is able to continue to accurately document and name the Earth’s biodiversity.</p><p>In the end, modest decisions were taken with respect to the first issue, which addressed eponymy — the common practice of naming taxa in honour of significant individuals. Eponyms capture and permanently record noteworthy — and sometimes troubling — aspects of the history and social context of the science of taxonomy. A set of proposals³ considered by the Madrid meeting provided a mechanism by which problematic eponyms, such as those that honour traders of enslaved persons or colonial administrators who were responsible for genocidal policies and acts, could be retired and replaced by more appropriate and acceptable names. When first published in 2021, these proposals sparked controversy: some argued that they would throw nomenclature into disarray by opening a floodgate of re-namings. By the opening of the Madrid meeting, the proposals had polarized the community. By the end of the meeting, a decision had been reached (the required 60% supermajority had been achieved) to amend the <i>Code</i> to allow the rejection of names that are derogatory to a group or groups of people, but only for names published after 1 January 2026. Although this decision recognizes that derogatory names are unacceptable, the meeting attendees demurred from establishing a way to deal with historical derogatory names. A special committee was established to report to the next meeting (in Cape Town, South Africa, in 2029) on how best to deal with matters of ethics in botanical nomenclature. The committee, once established, has an important but challenging remit — to find an appropriate way forward in a contested space.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to: The Cabrières Biota is not a Konservat-Lagerstätte","authors":"Farid Saleh,&nbsp;Lorenzo Lustri,&nbsp;Pierre Gueriau,&nbsp;Gaëtan J.-M. Potin,&nbsp;Francesc Pérez-Peris,&nbsp;Lukáš Laibl,&nbsp;Valentin Jamart,&nbsp;Antoine Vite,&nbsp;Jonathan B. Antcliffe,&nbsp;Allison C. Daley,&nbsp;Martina Nohejlová,&nbsp;Christophe Dupichaud,&nbsp;Sebastian Schöder,&nbsp;Emilie Bérard,&nbsp;Sinéad Lynch,&nbsp;Harriet B. Drage,&nbsp;Romain Vaucher,&nbsp;Muriel Vidal,&nbsp;Eric Monceret,&nbsp;Sylvie Monceret,&nbsp;Jean-Paul Kundura,&nbsp;Marie-Hélène Kundura,&nbsp;Romain Gougeon,&nbsp;Bertrand Lefebvre","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02560-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02560-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2175-2178"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Cabrières Biota is not a Konservat-Lagerstätte","authors":"Lucy A. Muir,&nbsp;Joseph P. Botting","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02559-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02559-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2172-2174"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in developing and operationalizing the Monitoring Framework of the Global Biodiversity Framework","authors":"Flavio Affinito,&nbsp;James M. Williams,&nbsp;Jillian E. Campbell,&nbsp;Maria C. Londono,&nbsp;Andrew Gonzalez","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02566-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02566-7","url":null,"abstract":"The failure to halt the global decline in biodiversity by 2020 contributed to the adoption of the ambitious Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which includes transparency and responsibility as foundations. The Global Biodiversity Framework identifies the actions needed so that societies are living in harmony with nature by 2050. To support the delivery of this ambition, the transparency and responsibility mechanisms defined in the Global Biodiversity Framework include a detailed Monitoring Framework designed to prompt evidence-based actions and track progress towards its goals and targets at the national and global level. The Monitoring Framework includes a set of indicators selected by the Parties through a political process. These indicators have since been operationalized through a scientific process led by an expert group focused on assessing and clarifying their methods. Most indicators are now ready to inform on progress, but key limitations of data availability and methodological challenges remain. The onus is now on the Parties to resource implementation and on the scientific community to support indicator use and development. Implementation of the Monitoring Framework will provide an unprecedented view of the state of biodiversity at the national level, which can be used to assess both national and global progress. Investment to overcome the Monitoring Framework’s weaknesses will improve our ability to measure progress and mobilize the actions needed to protect and restore biodiversity and the many benefits we receive from nature. This Perspective charts the development of the Monitoring Framework for tracking progress towards the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, including details on the process of indicator selection, and discusses what is still needed for implementation of the Monitoring Framework.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2163-2171"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142385117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}