Nature ecology & evolution最新文献

{"title":"Action on ambition","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02567-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02567-6","url":null,"abstract":"National plans submitted ahead of the Convention on Biological Diversity’s COP16 in Columbia should prioritize action over empty ambition, and must integrate with other nations’ plans to constructively work towards global aims.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 10","pages":"1779-1779"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02567-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142384967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warming and disturbances affect Arctic-boreal vegetation resilience across northwestern North America","authors":"Yue Zhang, Jonathan A. Wang, Logan T. Berner, Scott J. Goetz, Kaiguang Zhao, Yanlan Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02551-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02551-0","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid warming and increasing disturbances in high-latitude regions have caused extensive vegetation shifts and uncertainty in future carbon budgets. Better predictions of vegetation dynamics and functions require characterizing resilience, which indicates the capability of an ecosystem to recover from perturbations. Here, using temporal autocorrelation of remotely sensed greenness, we quantify time-varying vegetation resilience during 2000–2019 across northwestern North American Arctic-boreal ecosystems. We find that vegetation resilience significantly decreased in southern boreal forests, including forests showing greening trends, while it increased in most of the Arctic tundra. Warm and dry areas with high elevation and dense vegetation cover were among the hotspots of reduced resilience. Resilience further declined both before and after forest losses and fires, especially in southern boreal forests. These findings indicate that warming and disturbance have been altering vegetation resilience, potentially undermining the expected long-term increase of high-latitude carbon uptake under future climate. Climate change is causing both greening and disturbances in high-latitude vegetation. Here the authors quantify patterns and trends of vegetation resilience in northwestern North America during 2000–2019 and link them to climate-driven land-cover changes and fire disturbance.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2265-2276"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142384430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species traits, landscape quality and floral resource overlap with honeybees determine virus transmission in plant–pollinator networks","authors":"Corina Maurer, Alexandria Schauer, Orlando Yañez, Peter Neumann, Anna Gajda, Robert J. Paxton, Loïc Pellissier, Oliver Schweiger, Hajnalka Szentgyörgyi, Adam J. Vanbergen, Matthias Albrecht","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02555-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02555-w","url":null,"abstract":"Emerging infectious diseases pose a threat to pollinators. Virus transmission among pollinators via flowers may be reinforced by anthropogenic land-use change and concomitant alteration of plant–pollinator interactions. Here, we examine how species’ traits and roles in flower-visitation networks and landscape-scale factors drive key honeybee viruses—black queen cell virus (BQCV) and deformed wing virus—in 19 wild bee and hoverfly species, across 12 landscapes varying in pollinator-friendly (flower-rich) habitat. Viral loads were on average more than ten times higher in managed honeybees than in wild pollinators. Viral loads in wild pollinators were higher when floral resource use overlapped with honeybees, suggesting these as reservoir hosts, and increased with pollinator abundance and viral loads in honeybees. Viral prevalence decreased with the amount of pollinator-friendly habitat in a landscape, which was partly driven by reduced floral resource overlap with honeybees. Black queen cell virus loads decreased with a wild pollinator’s centrality in the network and the proportion of visited dish-shaped flowers. Our findings highlight the complex interplay of resource overlap with honeybees, species traits and roles in flower-visitation networks and flower-rich pollinator habitat shaping virus transmission. Human-driven landscape change may alter disease transmission among insect pollinators. Here, the authors show that species traits, flower-rich habitat and floral resource overlap with honeybees explain load and prevalence of viruses in wild bees and hoverflies co-occurring with honeybees.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2239-2251"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02555-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative taxonomy clarifies the evolution of a cryptic primate clade","authors":"Tobias van Elst, Gabriele M. Sgarlata, Dominik Schüßler, George P. Tiley, Jelmer W. Poelstra, Marina Scheumann, Marina B. Blanco, Isa G. Aleixo-Pais, Mamy Rina Evasoa, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, Steven M. Goodman, Alida F. Hasiniaina, Daniel Hending, Paul A. Hohenlohe, Mohamed T. Ibouroi, Amaia Iribar, Fabien Jan, Peter M. Kappeler, Barbara Le Pors, Sophie Manzi, Gillian Olivieri, Ando N. Rakotonanahary, S. Jacques Rakotondranary, Romule Rakotondravony, José M. Ralison, J. Freddy Ranaivoarisoa, Blanchard Randrianambinina, Rodin M. Rasoloarison, Solofonirina Rasoloharijaona, Emmanuel Rasolondraibe, Helena Teixeira, John R. Zaonarivelo, Edward E. Louis Jr., Anne D. Yoder, Lounès Chikhi, Ute Radespiel, Jordi Salmona","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02547-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02547-w","url":null,"abstract":"Global biodiversity is under accelerating threats, and species are succumbing to extinction before being described. Madagascar’s biota represents an extreme example of this scenario, with the added complication that much of its endemic biodiversity is cryptic. Here we illustrate best practices for clarifying cryptic diversification processes by presenting an integrative framework that leverages multiple lines of evidence and taxon-informed cut-offs for species delimitation, while placing special emphasis on identifying patterns of isolation by distance. We systematically apply this framework to an entire taxonomically controversial primate clade, the mouse lemurs (genus Microcebus, family Cheirogaleidae). We demonstrate that species diversity has been overestimated primarily due to the interpretation of geographic variation as speciation, potentially biasing inference of the underlying processes of evolutionary diversification. Following a revised classification, we find that crypsis within the genus is best explained by a model of morphological stasis imposed by stabilizing selection and a neutral process of niche diversification. Finally, by clarifying species limits and defining evolutionarily significant units, we provide new conservation priorities, bridging fundamental and applied objectives in a generalizable framework. A spatial taxonomic framework integrating genomic, morphological, ecological, life history and acoustic data is used to clarify the cryptic evolution of the taxonomically controversial mouse lemur complex, with a view to aiding future conservation of this and other similarly cryptic clades.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 1","pages":"57-72"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02547-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species stabilization for mouse lemurs","authors":"Mitchell Irwin","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02549-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02549-8","url":null,"abstract":"A systematic assessment of species diversity in Madagascar’s mouse lemurs provides multifaceted guidelines for species recognition in the era of an explosion of genetic data, while still recognizing the relevance of species diversity for conservation.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 1","pages":"15-16"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines for the effective and ethical sampling of herbaria","authors":"Charles C. Davis, Emily Sessa, Alan Paton, Alexandre Antonelli, Jordan K. Teisher","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02544-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02544-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of herbaria for science and conservation is enabling greatly enhanced scopes and scales of discovery, exploration and protection of biodiversity. The availability of digital, open-access herbarium data is, perhaps counter-intuitively, expanding the use of physical collections by researchers who use digital collections to find specimens and then sample physical collections for multiomics investigations, including genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics and microbiomics. These investigations are leading to new scientific insights and supporting the development of conservation actions, but they come with a substantial cost: the partial or complete destruction of often irreplaceable specimens, which constitute a global heritage that should be permanently safeguarded for future reference. Here we provide a set of recommended best practices for the sustainable, equitable and ethical sampling of herbarium specimens. Our recommendations are intended for two complementary and partially overlapping audiences—users and stewards—who together build, use and protect herbarium collections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic and fitness consequences of a near-extinction event in the northern elephant seal","authors":"Joseph I. Hoffman,&nbsp;David L. J. Vendrami,&nbsp;Kosmas Hench,&nbsp;Rebecca S. Chen,&nbsp;Martin A. Stoffel,&nbsp;Marty Kardos,&nbsp;William Amos,&nbsp;Jörn Kalinowski,&nbsp;Daniel Rickert,&nbsp;Karl Köhrer,&nbsp;Thorsten Wachtmeister,&nbsp;Mike E. Goebel,&nbsp;Carolina A. Bonin,&nbsp;Frances M. D. Gulland,&nbsp;Kanchon K. Dasmahapatra","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02533-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02533-2","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the genetic and fitness consequences of anthropogenic bottlenecks is crucial for biodiversity conservation. However, studies of bottlenecked populations combining genomic approaches with fitness data are rare. Theory predicts that severe bottlenecks deplete genetic diversity, exacerbate inbreeding depression and decrease population viability. However, actual outcomes are complex and depend on how a species’ unique demography affects its genetic load. We used population genetic and veterinary pathology data, demographic modelling, whole-genome resequencing and forward genetic simulations to investigate the genomic and fitness consequences of a near-extinction event in the northern elephant seal. We found no evidence of inbreeding depression within the contemporary population for key fitness components, including body mass, blubber thickness and susceptibility to parasites and disease. However, we detected a genomic signature of a recent extreme bottleneck (effective population size = 6; 95% confidence interval = 5.0–7.5) that will have purged much of the genetic load, potentially leading to the lack of observed inbreeding depression in our study. Our results further suggest that deleterious genetic variation strongly impacted the post-bottleneck population dynamics of the northern elephant seal. Our study provides comprehensive empirical insights into the intricate dynamics underlying species-specific responses to anthropogenic bottlenecks. Analysis of northern elephant seal populations shows no evidence of inbreeding depression, probably because a recent extreme bottleneck purged much of the genetic load.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2309-2324"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02533-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A large-scale in silico replication of ecological and evolutionary studies","authors":"Yefeng Yang,&nbsp;Erik van Zwet,&nbsp;Nikolaos Ignatiadis,&nbsp;Shinichi Nakagawa","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02530-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02530-5","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the growing concerns about the replicability of ecological and evolutionary studies, no results exist from a field-wide replication project. We conduct a large-scale in silico replication project, leveraging cutting-edge statistical methodologies. Replicability is 30%–40% for studies with marginal statistical significance in the absence of selective reporting, whereas the replicability of studies presenting ‘strong’ evidence against the null hypothesis H0 is &gt;70%. The former requires a sevenfold larger sample size to reach the latter’s replicability. We call for a change in planning, conducting and publishing research towards a transparent, credible and replicable ecology and evolution. Large-scale, direct replications of ecological and evolutionary studies are difficult to conduct. This paper applies statistical methods to meta-analyses of ecological and evolutionary studies to estimate replicability.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2179-2183"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02530-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpected sustained soil carbon flux in response to simultaneous warming and nitrogen enrichment compared with single factors alone","authors":"Melissa A. Knorr,&nbsp;A. R. Contosta,&nbsp;E. W. Morrison,&nbsp;T. J. Muratore,&nbsp;M. A. Anthony,&nbsp;I. Stoica,&nbsp;K. M. Geyer,&nbsp;M. J. Simpson,&nbsp;S. D. Frey","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02546-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02546-x","url":null,"abstract":"Recent observations document that long-term soil warming in a temperate deciduous forest leads to significant soil carbon loss, whereas chronic soil nitrogen enrichment leads to significant soil carbon gain. Most global change experiments like these are single factor, investigating the impacts of one stressor in isolation of others. Because warming and ecosystem nitrogen enrichment are happening concurrently in many parts of the world, we designed a field experiment to test how these two factors, alone and in combination, impact soil carbon cycling. Here, we show that long-term continuous soil warming or nitrogen enrichment when applied alone followed the predicted response, with warming resulting in significant soil carbon loss and nitrogen fertilization tending towards soil carbon gain. The combination treatment showed an unanticipated response, whereby soil respiratory carbon loss was significantly higher than either single factor alone, but without a concomitant decline in soil carbon storage. Observations suggest that when soils are exposed to both factors simultaneously, plant carbon inputs to the soil are enhanced, counterbalancing soil carbon loss and helping maintain soil carbon stocks near control levels. This has implications for both atmospheric CO2 emissions and soil fertility and shows that coupling two important global change drivers results in a distinctive response that was not predicted by the behaviour of the single factors in isolation. Long-term warming of soils causes carbon loss, whereas chronic nitrogen enrichment causes carbon gain. Here, in an experiment that combined both factors, soil respiration was significantly higher than with either factor alone, without an associated decline in soil carbon.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2277-2285"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional social influence drives leadership and composition-dependent success in octopus–fish hunting groups","authors":"Eduardo Sampaio,&nbsp;Vivek H. Sridhar,&nbsp;Fritz A. Francisco,&nbsp;Máté Nagy,&nbsp;Ada Sacchi,&nbsp;Ariana Strandburg-Peshkin,&nbsp;Paul Nührenberg,&nbsp;Rui Rosa,&nbsp;Iain D. Couzin,&nbsp;Simon Gingins","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02525-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02525-2","url":null,"abstract":"Collective behaviour, social interactions and leadership in animal groups are often driven by individual differences. However, most studies focus on same-species groups, in which individual variation is relatively low. Multispecies groups, however, entail interactions among highly divergent phenotypes, ranging from simple exploitative actions to complex coordinated networks. Here we studied hunting groups of otherwise-solitary Octopus cyanea and multiple fish species, to unravel hidden mechanisms of leadership and associated dynamics in functional nature and complexity, when divergence is maximized. Using three-dimensional field-based tracking and field experiments, we found that these groups exhibit complex functional dynamics and composition-dependent properties. Social influence is hierarchically distributed over multiscale dimensions representing role specializations: fish (particularly goatfish) drive environmental exploration, deciding where, while the octopus decides if, and when, the group moves. Thus, ‘classical leadership’ can be insufficient to describe complex heterogeneous systems, in which leadership instead can be driven by both stimulating and inhibiting movement. Furthermore, group composition altered individual investment and collective action, triggering partner control mechanisms (that is, punching) and benefits for the de facto leader, the octopus. This seemingly non-social invertebrate flexibly adapts to heterospecific actions, showing hallmarks of social competence and cognition. These findings expand our current understanding of what leadership is and what sociality is. Using three-dimensional field-based tracking and field experiments, the authors find that octopus–fish collective hunting groups exhibit complex functional dynamics and composition-dependent properties, in which different members of the group lead on different decisions.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 11","pages":"2072-2084"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02525-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}