Nature ecology & evolution最新文献

{"title":"Indian wildlife ecology comes of age","authors":"Vaishali Bhaumik, Ajith Kumar, Jayashree Ratnam","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02622-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02622-2","url":null,"abstract":"The inaugural Indian Wildlife Ecology Conference took place on 14–16 June 2024. We talked to the co-conveners of this conference, Ajith Kumar and Jayashree Ratnam, about how the event fostered connections among Indian wildlife ecologists, and their future plans.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ignoring population structure in hominin evolutionary models can lead to the inference of spurious admixture events","authors":"Rémi Tournebize, Lounès Chikhi","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02591-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02591-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Genomic and ancient DNA data have revolutionized palaeoanthropology and our vision of human evolution, with indisputable landmarks like the sequencing of Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes. Yet, using genetic data to identify, date and quantify evolutionary events—such as ancient bottlenecks or admixture—is not straightforward, as inferences may depend on model assumptions. In the last two decades, the idea that Neanderthals and members of the <i>Homo sapiens</i> lineage interbred has gained momentum. From the status of unlikely theory, it has reached consensus among human evolutionary biologists. This theory is mainly supported by statistical approaches that depend on demographic models minimizing or ignoring population structure, despite its widespread occurrence and the fact that, when ignored, population structure can lead to the inference of spurious demographic events. We simulated genomic data under a structured and admixture-free model of human evolution, and found that all the tested admixture approaches identified long Neanderthal fragments in our simulated genomes and an admixture event that never took place. We also observed that several published admixture models failed to predict important empirical diversity or admixture statistics, and that we could identify several scenarios from our structured model that better predicted these statistics jointly. Using a simulated time series of ancient DNA, the structured scenarios could also predict the trajectory of the empirical <i>D</i> statistics. Our results suggest that models accounting for population structure are fundamental to improve our understanding of human evolution, and that admixture between Neanderthals and <i>H. sapiens</i> needs to be re-evaluated in the light of structured models. Beyond the Neanderthal case, we argue that ancient hybridization events, which are increasingly documented in many species, including with other hominins, may also benefit from such re-evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paola Villa (1939–2024)","authors":"Francesco d’Errico, Lyn Wadley, Chris Henshilwood","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02616-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02616-0","url":null,"abstract":"Archaeologist with a wide view of prehistory and a passion for innovative collaboration.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Loss of pollinator diversity consistently reduces reproductive success for wild and cultivated plants","authors":"Maddi Artamendi, Philip A. Martin, Ignasi Bartomeus, Ainhoa Magrach","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02595-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02595-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pollination is a crucial ecosystem service, yet pollinator species diversity is declining as a result of factors such as climate change, habitat loss and agricultural intensification. While previous studies have often examined the extreme scenario of complete pollinator removal, showing negative impacts on plant reproductive success, we take a more realistic approach by focusing on the effects of decreasing pollinator diversity. Our global meta-analysis reveals a notable negative impact of reduced pollinator species diversity on plant reproductive success measures, such as seed set, fruit set and fruit weight. Notably, this effect varies across plant families, impacting both self-incompatible and self-compatible species. We also find that wild plant species suffer more than cultivated ones. Furthermore, the loss of invertebrate, nocturnal and wild pollinators has a more substantial impact than the loss of vertebrate, diurnal or managed pollinators. Overall, our findings consistently underscore the positive role of biodiversity in maintaining ecosystem functioning, highlighting the urgency of mitigating factors that lead to the decline in pollinator species diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Winner–loser plant trait replacements in human-modified tropical forests","authors":"Bruno X. Pinho, Felipe P. L. Melo, Cajo J. F. ter Braak, David Bauman, Isabelle Maréchaux, Marcelo Tabarelli, Maíra Benchimol, Victor Arroyo-Rodriguez, Bráulio A. Santos, Joseph E. Hawes, Erika Berenguer, Joice Ferreira, Juliana M. Silveira, Carlos A. Peres, Larissa Rocha‐Santos, Fernanda C. Souza, Thiago Gonçalves-Souza, Eduardo Mariano-Neto, Deborah Faria, Jos Barlow","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02592-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02592-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anthropogenic landscape modification may lead to the proliferation of a few species and the loss of many. Here we investigate mechanisms and functional consequences of this winner–loser replacement in six human-modified Amazonian and Atlantic Forest regions in Brazil using a causal inference framework. Combining floristic and functional trait data for 1,207 tree species across 271 forest plots, we find that forest loss consistently caused an increased dominance of low-density woods and small seeds dispersed by endozoochory (winner traits) and the loss of distinctive traits, such as extremely dense woods and large seeds dispersed by synzoochory (loser traits). Effects on leaf traits and maximum tree height were rare or inconsistent. The independent causal effects of landscape configuration were rare, but local degradation remained important in multivariate trait-disturbance relationships and exceeded the effects of forest loss in one Amazonian region. Our findings highlight that tropical forest loss and local degradation drive predictable functional changes to remaining tree assemblages and that certain traits are consistently associated with winners and losers across different regional contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenological divergence between plants and animals under climate change","authors":"Weiguang Lang, Yao Zhang, Xiangyi Li, Fandong Meng, Qiang Liu, Kai Wang, Hao Xu, Anping Chen, Josep Peñuelas, Ivan A. Janssens, Shilong Piao","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02597-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02597-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climate change has altered the timing of recurring biological cycles in both plants and animals. Phenological changes may be unequal within and among trophic levels, potentially impacting the intricate interactions that regulate ecosystem functioning. Here we compile and analyse a global dataset of terrestrial phenological observations, including nearly half a million time series for both plants and animals. Our analysis reveals an increasing phenological asynchronization between plants and animals from 1981 to 2020, with a stronger overall advancement of late-season phenophases for plants than for animals. Almost 30% of temporal variations in plant phenophases can be explained by the timing of the preceding phenophases. This temporal dependency allows the advancement caused by warming to accumulate and propagate through seasons, advancing later phenophases more than earlier phases. By contrast, animals rely on various environmental cues and resource-tracking strategies to initiate their life-cycle activities, which weakens their cross-phenophase linkage and undermines the effect of warming. Our results suggest that future warming may increase phenological asynchronization between plants and animals and potentially disturb trophic interactions and ecosystem stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Be excellent to each other","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02604-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02604-4","url":null,"abstract":"Robust debate and discussion are crucial ingredients in the advancement of science, but should always be conducted with respect and civility.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 12","pages":"2153-2154"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02604-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142777234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Offspring movement ability influences maternal resource aquisition in large herbivores","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02568-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02568-5","url":null,"abstract":"The energetic needs of females increase markedly around the birth of offspring. Large herbivore females thus track food resources, the availability of which varies in time and space. A multispecies dataset of GPS locations revealed that female movement to reach food is hampered by the adaptive antipredator behaviour of their offspring.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142763341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inversions contribute disproportionately to parallel genomic divergence in dune sunflowers","authors":"Kaichi Huang, Kate L. Ostevik, Mojtaba Jahani, Marco Todesco, Natalia Bercovich, Rose L. Andrew, Gregory L. Owens, Loren H. Rieseberg","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02593-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02593-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The probability of parallel genetic evolution is a function of the strength of selection and constraints imposed by genetic architecture. Inversions capture locally adapted alleles and suppress recombination between them, which limits the range of adaptive responses. In addition, the combined phenotypic effect of alleles within inversions is likely to be greater than that of individual alleles; this should further increase the contributions of inversions to parallel evolution. We tested the hypothesis that inversions contribute disproportionately to parallel genetic evolution in independent dune ecotypes of <i>Helianthus petiolaris</i>. We analysed habitat data and identified variables underlying parallel habitat shifts. Genotype–environment association analyses of these variables indicated parallel responses of inversions to shared selective pressures. We also confirmed larger seed size across the dunes and performed quantitative trait locus mapping with multiple crosses. Quantitative trait loci shared between locations fell into inversions more than expected by chance. We used whole-genome sequencing data to identify selective sweeps in the dune ecotypes and found that the majority of shared swept regions were found within inversions. Phylogenetic analyses of shared regions indicated that within inversions, the same allele typically was found in the dune habitat at both sites. These results confirm predictions that inversions drive parallel divergence in the dune ecotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142763342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neonatal antipredator tactics shape female movement patterns in large herbivores","authors":"Kamal Atmeh, Christophe Bonenfant, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Mathieu Garel, A. J. Mark Hewison, Pascal Marchand, Nicolas Morellet, Pia Anderwald, Bayarbaatar Buuveibaatar, Jeffrey L. Beck, Matthew S. Becker, Floris M. van Beest, Jodi Berg, Ulrika A. Bergvall, Randall B. Boone, Mark S. Boyce, Simon Chamaillé-Jammes, Yannick Chaval, Chimeddorj Buyanaa, David Christianson, Simone Ciuti, Steeve D. Côté, Duane R. Diefenbach, Egil Droge, Johan T. du Toit, Samantha Dwinnell, Julian Fennessy, Flurin Filli, Daniel Fortin, Emma E. Hart, Matthew Hayes, Mark Hebblewhite, Morten Heim, Ivar Herfindal, Marco Heurich, Christian von Hoermann, Katey Huggler, Craig Jackson, Andrew F. Jakes, Paul F. Jones, Petra Kaczensky, Matthew Kauffman, Petter Kjellander, Tayler LaSharr, Leif Egil Loe, Roel May, Philip McLoughlin, Erling L. Meisingset, Evelyn Merrill, Kevin L. Monteith, Thomas Mueller, Atle Mysterud, Dejid Nandintsetseg, Kirk Olson, John Payne, Scott Pearson, Åshild Ønvik Pedersen, Dustin Ranglack, Adele K. Reinking, Thomas Rempfler, Clifford G. Rice, Eivin Røskaft, Bernt-Erik Sæther, Sonia Saïd, Hugo Santacreu, Niels Martin Schmidt, Daan Smit, Jared A. Stabach, Martin-Hugues St-Laurent, Joëlle Taillon, W. David Walter, Kevin White, Guillaume Péron, Anne Loison","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02565-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02565-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Caring for newborn offspring hampers resource acquisition of mammalian females, curbing their ability to meet the high energy expenditure of early lactation. Newborns are particularly vulnerable, and, among the large herbivores, ungulates have evolved a continuum of neonatal antipredator tactics, ranging from immobile hider (such as roe deer fawns or impala calves) to highly mobile follower offspring (such as reindeer calves or chamois kids). How these tactics constrain female movements around parturition is unknown, particularly within the current context of increasing habitat fragmentation and earlier plant phenology caused by global warming. Here, using a comparative analysis across 54 populations of 23 species of large herbivores from 5 ungulate families (Bovidae, Cervidae, Equidae, Antilocapridae and Giraffidae), we show that mothers adjust their movements to variation in resource productivity and heterogeneity according to their offspring’s neonatal tactic. Mothers with hider offspring are unable to exploit environments where the variability of resources occurs at a broad scale, which might alter resource allocation compared with mothers with follower offspring. Our findings reveal that the overlooked neonatal tactic plays a key role for predicting how species are coping with environmental variation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142763148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}