Nature ecology & evolution最新文献

Green divides

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02674-y

Marian Turner

{"title":"Green divides","authors":"Marian Turner","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02674-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02674-y","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization invariably leads to direct vegetation loss when land is covered by built infrastructure. But the growth of remaining vegetation can also be affected by urbanization through planting and irrigation, and through processes such as the extension of growing seasons through urban heat retention or the enhancement of fertilization through higher carbon dioxide levels. Writing in Nature Sustainability, Chen et al. use satellite datasets of impervious surfaces and vegetation greenness to explore the direct and indirect effects of urbanization on vegetation dynamics. Across 4,718 cities worldwide, they find that the average fraction of impervious surfaces increased from 0.46 to 0.62 between 2000 and 2019; cities located in East and South Asia, the Pacific and sub-Saharan Africa underwent the highest rates of change. In many of these rapidly developing cities, the vegetation index showed browning trends, but 45% of cities worldwide — mostly Europe, North America and northeast Asia — actually greened over this period. Overall, positive indirect effects of urbanization on vegetation mitigated 79% of the negative direct effects in cities of the Global North, but only 38% in cities of the Global South. Urbanization-driven enhancement of vegetation growth was positively correlated with more-rapid urbanization, earlier urbanization, colder regions and gross domestic product. The authors’ modelling of urban vegetation changes to 2040 under three Shared Socioeconomic Pathways shows these disparate trends continuing, which will exacerbate inequality in city residents’ exposure to green spaces in different regions of the world.Original reference: Nat. Sustain. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-025-01520-0 (2025)","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overwintering fires can occur in both peatlands and upland forests with varying ecological impacts

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-024-02630-2

Jennifer L. Baltzer, Xanthe J. Walker, Sander Veraverbeke, Thomas D. Hessilt, Raquel Alfaro-Sanchez, Max J. van Gerrevink, Michelle C. Mack, Emily L. Ogden, Richard Olsen, Rebecca C. Scholten, Merritt R. Turetsky

引用次数: 0

Global hotspots of butterfly diversity are threatened in a warming world

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02664-0

Stefan Pinkert, Nina Farwig, Akito Y. Kawahara, Walter Jetz

{"title":"Global hotspots of butterfly diversity are threatened in a warming world","authors":"Stefan Pinkert, Nina Farwig, Akito Y. Kawahara, Walter Jetz","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02664-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02664-0","url":null,"abstract":"Insects are in decline and threatened by climate change, yet lack of globally comprehensive information limits the understanding and management of this crisis. Here we uncover a strong concentration of butterfly diversity in rare and rapidly shrinking high-elevation climates. Integrating comprehensive phylogenetic and geographic range data for 12,119 species, we find that global centres of butterfly richness, range rarity and phylogenetic diversity are unusually concentrated in tropical and subtropical mountain systems. Two-thirds of the assessed species are primarily mountain dwelling and mountains hold 3.5 times more butterfly hotspots (top 5%) than lowlands. These hotspots only partially overlap with those of ants, terrestrial vertebrates and vascular plants (14–36%), while butterfly diversity is uniquely concentrated above 2,000 m elevation. We project that up to 64% of the temperature niche space of butterflies in tropical realms will erode by 2070, with the geographically restricted temperature conditions of mountains potentially turning these from refugia to traps for butterfly diversity. Our study identifies critical conservation priorities for butterflies and underscores the need for quantitative global assessments of at least select insect groups to help mitigate biodiversity loss in a rapidly warming world.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: Quantifying disturbance effects on ecosystem services in a changing climate 作者更正：在不断变化的气候中量化干扰对生态系统服务的影响

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02677-9

Laura E. Dee, Steve J. Miller, Kate J. Helmstedt, Kate S. Boersma, Stephen Polasky, Peter B. Reich

引用次数: 0

Ecological novelty is the new norm on our planet

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02668-w

Anna Walentowitz

引用次数: 0

Widespread ecological novelty across the terrestrial biosphere

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-03-14 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02662-2

Matthew R. Kerr, Alejandro Ordonez, Felix Riede, Joe Atkinson, Elena A. Pearce, Maciej Sykut, Jonas Trepel, Jens-Christian Svenning

{"title":"Widespread ecological novelty across the terrestrial biosphere","authors":"Matthew R. Kerr, Alejandro Ordonez, Felix Riede, Joe Atkinson, Elena A. Pearce, Maciej Sykut, Jonas Trepel, Jens-Christian Svenning","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02662-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02662-2","url":null,"abstract":"Human activities have transformed many wild and semiwild ecosystems into novel states without historical precedent. Without knowing the current distribution of what drives the emergence of such novelty, predicting future ecosystem states and informing conservation and restoration policies remain difficult. Here we construct global maps of three key drivers generating novel conditions—climate change, defaunation and floristic disruption—and summarize them to a measure of total novelty exposure. We show that the terrestrial biosphere is widely exposed to novel conditions, with 58% of the total area exposed to high levels of total novelty. All climatic regions and biomes are exposed to substantial levels of novelty. Relative contributions of individual drivers vary between climatic regions, with climate changes and defaunation the largest contributors globally. Protected areas and key biodiversity areas, whether formally protected or not, have similar exposure, with high total novelty experienced in 58% of cells inside protected areas and 56% inside key biodiversity areas. Our results highlight the importance of investigating ecosystem and biodiversity responses to rising ecological novelty for informing actions towards biosphere stewardship.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143618425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fundamental constraints on vertebrate life history are shaped by aquatic–terrestrial transitions and reproductive mode

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02663-1

George C. Brooks, Josef C. Uyeda, Nicholas J. Bone, Hailey M. Conrad, Christopher G. Mull, Holly K. Kindsvater

{"title":"Fundamental constraints on vertebrate life history are shaped by aquatic–terrestrial transitions and reproductive mode","authors":"George C. Brooks, Josef C. Uyeda, Nicholas J. Bone, Hailey M. Conrad, Christopher G. Mull, Holly K. Kindsvater","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02663-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02663-1","url":null,"abstract":"Vertebrate life histories evolve in response to selection imposed by abiotic and biotic environmental conditions while being limited by genetic, developmental, physiological, demographic and phylogenetic processes that constrain adaptation. Despite the well-recognized shifts in selective pressures accompanying transitions among environments, the conditions driving innovation and the consequences for life-history evolution remain outstanding questions. Here we compare the traits of vertebrates that occupy aquatic or terrestrial environments as juveniles to infer shifts in evolutionary constraints that explain differences in their life-history traits and thus their fundamental demographic rates. Our results emphasize the reduced potential for life-history diversification on land, especially that of reproductive strategies, which limits the scope of viable life-history strategies. Moreover, our study reveals differences between the evolution of viviparity in aquatic and terrestrial realms. Transitions from egg laying to live birth represent a major shift across life-history space for aquatic organisms, whereas terrestrial egg-laying organisms evolve live birth without drastic changes in life-history strategy. Whilst trade-offs in the allocation of resources place fundamental constraints on the way life histories can vary, ecological setting influences the position of species within the viable phenotypic space available for adaptive evolution.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glasswing butterfly (Mechanitis messenoides) 玻璃蝶

IF 13.9 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02655-1

Joana Isabel Meier

引用次数: 0

An eco-evolutionary game of hide-and-seek

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02646-2

Marc T. J. Johnson

引用次数: 0

Genetic basis of camouflage in an alpine plant and its long-term co-evolution with an insect herbivore

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02653-3

Han Zhang, Pan Zhang, Yang Niu, Tongzhou Tao, Gang Liu, Congcong Dong, Zeyu Zheng, Zengzhu Zhang, Ying Li, Zhimin Niu, Wenyu Liu, Zemin Guo, Shaoji Hu, Yang Yang, Minjie Li, Hang Sun, Susanne S. Renner, Jianquan Liu

{"title":"Genetic basis of camouflage in an alpine plant and its long-term co-evolution with an insect herbivore","authors":"Han Zhang, Pan Zhang, Yang Niu, Tongzhou Tao, Gang Liu, Congcong Dong, Zeyu Zheng, Zengzhu Zhang, Ying Li, Zhimin Niu, Wenyu Liu, Zemin Guo, Shaoji Hu, Yang Yang, Minjie Li, Hang Sun, Susanne S. Renner, Jianquan Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02653-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02653-3","url":null,"abstract":"Camouflage through colour change can involve reversible or permanent changes in response to cyclic predator or herbivore pressures. The evolution of background matching in camouflaged phenotypes partly depends on the genetics of the camouflage trait, but this has received little attention in plants. Here we clarify the genetic pathway underlying the grey-leaved morph of fumewort, Corydalis hemidicentra, of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau that by being camouflaged escapes herbivory from caterpillars of host-specialized Parnassius butterflies. Field experiments show that camouflaged grey leaves matching the surrounding scree habitat experience reduced oviposition by female butterflies and herbivory by caterpillars, resulting in higher fruit set than that achieved by green-leaved plants. The defence is entirely visual. Multi-omics data and functional validation reveal that a 254-bp-inserted transposon causes anthocyanin accumulation in leaves, giving them a rock-like grey colour. Demographic analyses of plant and butterfly effective population sizes over the past 500 years indicate that plant populations have been more stable at sites with camouflage than at sites with only green-leaved plants. In the recent past, populations of Parnassius butterflies have declined at sites with camouflaged plants. These findings provide insights into the genetics of a plant camouflage trait and its potential role in the rapidly changing dynamics of plant–herbivore interactions.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143583021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0