Nature ecology & evolution最新文献_第2页

Mitochondrial genomes of Middle Pleistocene horses from the open-air site complex of Schöningen. 来自Schöningen露天遗址复合体的中更新世马的线粒体基因组。

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02859-5

Arianna Weingarten,Meret Häusler,Jordi Serangeli,Ivo Verheijen,Ella Reiter,Rita Radzevičiūtė,Alexander Stoessel,Johannes Krause,Maria A Spyrou,Nicholas J Conard,Kay Nieselt,Cosimo Posth

{"title":"Mitochondrial genomes of Middle Pleistocene horses from the open-air site complex of Schöningen.","authors":"Arianna Weingarten,Meret Häusler,Jordi Serangeli,Ivo Verheijen,Ella Reiter,Rita Radzevičiūtė,Alexander Stoessel,Johannes Krause,Maria A Spyrou,Nicholas J Conard,Kay Nieselt,Cosimo Posth","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02859-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02859-5","url":null,"abstract":"Deep-time palaeogenomics offers rare insights into macroevolutionary events for both extant and extinct species. Aside from a Middle Pleistocene genome from North American permafrost (780-560 ka) and a number of Late Pleistocene specimens, most ancient horse DNA studies have focused on tracing the origins of domestication and subsequent periods. Here we present mitochondrial genomes from two Equus mosbachensis specimens from Schöningen, Germany, a Middle Pleistocene archaeological site complex with direct and repeated evidence of hominin-horse interactions on the shore of a palaeolake. Using petrous bone sampling, targeted enrichment and damage-aware and polarization-free mitochondrial DNA reconstruction methods, we extend the range of genome recovery in open-air sites to ~300,000 years ago. Phylogenetic analyses position these mitochondrial DNAs in two distinct, deeply divergent lineages, basal to both previously sequenced ancient Eurasian specimens and all modern-day horses. The Schöningen horse mitochondrial DNA data reveal a previously unrecognized diversification event within the clade, ultimately giving rise to modern-day horses, that is molecularly dated to ~570 ka and provides genetic support for the morphological species assignment. By extending the recoverable limits of ancient DNA from Middle Pleistocene open-air sites, our molecular findings bridge a temporal and geographic gap, providing insights on early evolutionary events within the genus Equus.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145203520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Speciating swallows 形成物种燕子。

IF 13.9 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02875-5

Vaishali Bhaumik

引用次数: 0

Uphill urbanization 艰苦的城市化。

IF 13.9 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02878-2

Iain Dickson

引用次数: 0

Ebony and ivory 乌木和象牙。

IF 13.9 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02874-6

Simon Harold

引用次数: 0

Hot butterflies 热的蝴蝶。

IF 13.9 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02877-3

Walter Andriuzzi

引用次数: 0

Human activity augments lightning ignitions to reshape fire seasonality across all biomes on Earth. 人类活动增加了闪电的点燃，从而重塑了地球上所有生物群落的火灾季节性。

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02862-w

Todd M Ellis,David M J S Bowman,Grant J Williamson

{"title":"Human activity augments lightning ignitions to reshape fire seasonality across all biomes on Earth.","authors":"Todd M Ellis,David M J S Bowman,Grant J Williamson","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02862-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02862-w","url":null,"abstract":"The conjunction of lightning ignitions and dry vegetation has shaped fire regimes throughout geological time. These fire regimes have in turn influenced the traits of biotas globally. Anthropogenic ignitions, however, have radically transformed worldwide fire regimes by extending fire seasons to the limits bounded by periods of high fuel moisture while limiting the occurrence and extent of fire during periods of peak fire potential. Disaggregating contemporary human- and lightning-driven seasonal fire patterns can shed light on the magnitude of anthropogenic change to worldwide fire regimes. Here, using daily fuel moisture records and associated flammability thresholds, we identify and describe the global distribution of bioclimatic fire seasons as limited by the availability of fuels to burn. We then use a record of lightning strike density to disaggregate these bioclimatic fire seasons into ignition periods driven by anthropogenic or mixed (that is, lightning present) ignitions. Finally, we assess our ignition periods against a daily satellite burned area record and contextualize the timing of burning against vegetation productivity and the human dimension of fire. Collectively, we show that anthropogenic influences have shaped worldwide fire regimes by lengthening potential fire seasons, irrespective of local land use, fire suppression practices, lightning occurrence and biome type.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

India's agroecology programme, 'Zero Budget Natural Farming', delivers biodiversity and economic benefits without lowering yields. 印度的农业生态学项目“零预算自然农业”在不降低产量的情况下提供了生物多样性和经济效益。

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02849-7

Iris Berger,Ajit Kamble,Oscar Morton,Varsha Raj,Sayuj R Nair,David P Edwards,Hannah S Wauchope,Viral Joshi,Parthiba Basu,Barbara Smith,Lynn V Dicks

{"title":"India's agroecology programme, 'Zero Budget Natural Farming', delivers biodiversity and economic benefits without lowering yields.","authors":"Iris Berger,Ajit Kamble,Oscar Morton,Varsha Raj,Sayuj R Nair,David P Edwards,Hannah S Wauchope,Viral Joshi,Parthiba Basu,Barbara Smith,Lynn V Dicks","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02849-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02849-7","url":null,"abstract":"The Global Biodiversity Framework promotes agroecological farming approaches1, yet rigorous system-wide evaluations of agroecological programmes are urgently needed to balance the intertwined but partially competing Sustainable Development Goals of curbing food insecurity, improving human well-being and tackling biodiversity loss. Here we focus on the largest agroecological transition globally-the 64,000 km2 government-incentivized zero budget natural farming (ZBNF) programme in India-to co-analyse socio-economic and biodiversity impacts. ZBNF more than doubled farmers' economic profits and maintained comparable crop yields. Bird biodiversity outcomes were improved, with the densities of bird species and functional guilds involved in pest control and seed dispersal increasing; however, natural forests remain essential to sustaining populations of forest-specialized species. Trade-offs between bird densities and landscape-scale yields and profit were substantially less pronounced in ZBNF than in conventional, agrichemical-based farming systems, underscoring the benefits of agroecological interventions with aligned protection of natural ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145089786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Agroecology benefits people and planet. 生态农业造福人类和地球。

IF 13.9 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02854-w

Tanya O'Garra

引用次数: 0

Meta-analysis shows that planting nitrogen-fixing species increases soil organic carbon stock. meta分析表明，种植固氮树种增加了土壤有机碳储量。

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02861-x

Xibin Sun,Ji Chen,Yakov Kuzyakov,Yi Yang,Gabriel W D Ferreira,Raúl Ochoa-Hueso,Carsten W Mueller,Zhenchuan Wang,Yixue Hong,Dejun Li,Hao Chen

{"title":"Meta-analysis shows that planting nitrogen-fixing species increases soil organic carbon stock.","authors":"Xibin Sun,Ji Chen,Yakov Kuzyakov,Yi Yang,Gabriel W D Ferreira,Raúl Ochoa-Hueso,Carsten W Mueller,Zhenchuan Wang,Yixue Hong,Dejun Li,Hao Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02861-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02861-x","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrogen (N)-fixing species are widely used in forestation and agriculture. The effects of planting N-fixing species on soil organic carbon (SOC) stock, however, remain uncertain, limiting policy development and their application towards a possible climate change mitigation strategy. Here we conduct a global meta-analysis of 385 datapoints from 136 studies comparing SOC stock with planting N-fixing versus non-N-fixing species. Planting N-fixing species increases SOC stock by 16% compared with non-N-fixing species. This SOC increase is closely accompanied by soil N increases, with an average accumulation of 7.8 g of SOC per gram of soil N increase. Climate mediates SOC responses, with greater SOC sequestration observed in drier and warmer regions, particularly in the tropics. We estimate that an additional increase of 0.29-0.75 PgC yr-1 in global SOC stock could be achieved by adopting N-fixing species for forestation, agriculture and regeneration of marginal lands, highlighting their potential for climate change mitigation.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145089784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) 蓝绿藻（蓝藻）

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02858-6

Patricia Sánchez-Baracaldo

引用次数: 0