Nature ecology & evolution最新文献

{"title":"Species traits, landscape quality and floral resource overlap with honeybees determine virus transmission in plant–pollinator networks","authors":"Corina Maurer, Alexandria Schauer, Orlando Yañez, Peter Neumann, Anna Gajda, Robert J. Paxton, Loïc Pellissier, Oliver Schweiger, Hajnalka Szentgyörgyi, Adam J. Vanbergen, Matthias Albrecht","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02555-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02555-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Emerging infectious diseases pose a threat to pollinators. Virus transmission among pollinators via flowers may be reinforced by anthropogenic land-use change and concomitant alteration of plant–pollinator interactions. Here, we examine how species’ traits and roles in flower-visitation networks and landscape-scale factors drive key honeybee viruses—black queen cell virus (BQCV) and deformed wing virus—in 19 wild bee and hoverfly species, across 12 landscapes varying in pollinator-friendly (flower-rich) habitat. Viral loads were on average more than ten times higher in managed honeybees than in wild pollinators. Viral loads in wild pollinators were higher when floral resource use overlapped with honeybees, suggesting these as reservoir hosts, and increased with pollinator abundance and viral loads in honeybees. Viral prevalence decreased with the amount of pollinator-friendly habitat in a landscape, which was partly driven by reduced floral resource overlap with honeybees. Black queen cell virus loads decreased with a wild pollinator’s centrality in the network and the proportion of visited dish-shaped flowers. Our findings highlight the complex interplay of resource overlap with honeybees, species traits and roles in flower-visitation networks and flower-rich pollinator habitat shaping virus transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative taxonomy clarifies the evolution of a cryptic primate clade","authors":"Tobias van Elst, Gabriele M. Sgarlata, Dominik Schüßler, George P. Tiley, Jelmer W. Poelstra, Marina Scheumann, Marina B. Blanco, Isa G. Aleixo-Pais, Mamy Rina Evasoa, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, Steven M. Goodman, Alida F. Hasiniaina, Daniel Hending, Paul A. Hohenlohe, Mohamed T. Ibouroi, Amaia Iribar, Fabien Jan, Peter M. Kappeler, Barbara Le Pors, Sophie Manzi, Gillian Olivieri, Ando N. Rakotonanahary, S. Jacques Rakotondranary, Romule Rakotondravony, José M. Ralison, J. Freddy Ranaivoarisoa, Blanchard Randrianambinina, Rodin M. Rasoloarison, Solofonirina Rasoloharijaona, Emmanuel Rasolondraibe, Helena Teixeira, John R. Zaonarivelo, Edward E. Louis, Anne D. Yoder, Lounès Chikhi, Ute Radespiel, Jordi Salmona","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02547-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02547-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global biodiversity is under accelerating threats, and species are succumbing to extinction before being described. Madagascar’s biota represents an extreme example of this scenario, with the added complication that much of its endemic biodiversity is cryptic. Here we illustrate best practices for clarifying cryptic diversification processes by presenting an integrative framework that leverages multiple lines of evidence and taxon-informed cut-offs for species delimitation, while placing special emphasis on identifying patterns of isolation by distance. We systematically apply this framework to an entire taxonomically controversial primate clade, the mouse lemurs (genus <i>Microcebus</i>, family Cheirogaleidae). We demonstrate that species diversity has been overestimated primarily due to the interpretation of geographic variation as speciation, potentially biasing inference of the underlying processes of evolutionary diversification. Following a revised classification, we find that crypsis within the genus is best explained by a model of morphological stasis imposed by stabilizing selection and a neutral process of niche diversification. Finally, by clarifying species limits and defining evolutionarily significant units, we provide new conservation priorities, bridging fundamental and applied objectives in a generalizable framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Species stabilization for mouse lemurs","authors":"Mitchell Irwin","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02549-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02549-8","url":null,"abstract":"A systematic assessment of species diversity in Madagascar’s mouse lemurs provides multifaceted guidelines for species recognition in the era of an explosion of genetic data, while still recognizing the relevance of species diversity for conservation.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guidelines for the effective and ethical sampling of herbaria","authors":"Charles C. Davis, Emily Sessa, Alan Paton, Alexandre Antonelli, Jordan K. Teisher","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02544-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02544-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The use of herbaria for science and conservation is enabling greatly enhanced scopes and scales of discovery, exploration and protection of biodiversity. The availability of digital, open-access herbarium data is, perhaps counter-intuitively, expanding the use of physical collections by researchers who use digital collections to find specimens and then sample physical collections for multiomics investigations, including genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, proteomics and microbiomics. These investigations are leading to new scientific insights and supporting the development of conservation actions, but they come with a substantial cost: the partial or complete destruction of often irreplaceable specimens, which constitute a global heritage that should be permanently safeguarded for future reference. Here we provide a set of recommended best practices for the sustainable, equitable and ethical sampling of herbarium specimens. Our recommendations are intended for two complementary and partially overlapping audiences—users and stewards—who together build, use and protect herbarium collections.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic and fitness consequences of a near-extinction event in the northern elephant seal","authors":"Joseph I. Hoffman, David L. J. Vendrami, Kosmas Hench, Rebecca S. Chen, Martin A. Stoffel, Marty Kardos, William Amos, Jörn Kalinowski, Daniel Rickert, Karl Köhrer, Thorsten Wachtmeister, Mike E. Goebel, Carolina A. Bonin, Frances M. D. Gulland, Kanchon K. Dasmahapatra","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02533-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02533-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding the genetic and fitness consequences of anthropogenic bottlenecks is crucial for biodiversity conservation. However, studies of bottlenecked populations combining genomic approaches with fitness data are rare. Theory predicts that severe bottlenecks deplete genetic diversity, exacerbate inbreeding depression and decrease population viability. However, actual outcomes are complex and depend on how a species’ unique demography affects its genetic load. We used population genetic and veterinary pathology data, demographic modelling, whole-genome resequencing and forward genetic simulations to investigate the genomic and fitness consequences of a near-extinction event in the northern elephant seal. We found no evidence of inbreeding depression within the contemporary population for key fitness components, including body mass, blubber thickness and susceptibility to parasites and disease. However, we detected a genomic signature of a recent extreme bottleneck (effective population size = 6; 95% confidence interval = 5.0–7.5) that will have purged much of the genetic load, potentially leading to the lack of observed inbreeding depression in our study. Our results further suggest that deleterious genetic variation strongly impacted the post-bottleneck population dynamics of the northern elephant seal. Our study provides comprehensive empirical insights into the intricate dynamics underlying species-specific responses to anthropogenic bottlenecks.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"500 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A large-scale in silico replication of ecological and evolutionary studies","authors":"Yefeng Yang, Erik van Zwet, Nikolaos Ignatiadis, Shinichi Nakagawa","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02530-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02530-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Despite the growing concerns about the replicability of ecological and evolutionary studies, no results exist from a field-wide replication project. We conduct a large-scale in silico replication project, leveraging cutting-edge statistical methodologies. Replicability is 30%–40% for studies with marginal statistical significance in the absence of selective reporting, whereas the replicability of studies presenting ‘strong’ evidence against the null hypothesis <i>H</i>₀ is &gt;70%. The former requires a sevenfold larger sample size to reach the latter’s replicability. We call for a change in planning, conducting and publishing research towards a transparent, credible and replicable ecology and evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unexpected sustained soil carbon flux in response to simultaneous warming and nitrogen enrichment compared with single factors alone","authors":"Melissa A. Knorr, A. R. Contosta, E. W. Morrison, T. J. Muratore, M. A. Anthony, I. Stoica, K. M. Geyer, M. J. Simpson, S. D. Frey","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02546-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02546-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent observations document that long-term soil warming in a temperate deciduous forest leads to significant soil carbon loss, whereas chronic soil nitrogen enrichment leads to significant soil carbon gain. Most global change experiments like these are single factor, investigating the impacts of one stressor in isolation of others. Because warming and ecosystem nitrogen enrichment are happening concurrently in many parts of the world, we designed a field experiment to test how these two factors, alone and in combination, impact soil carbon cycling. Here, we show that long-term continuous soil warming or nitrogen enrichment when applied alone followed the predicted response, with warming resulting in significant soil carbon loss and nitrogen fertilization tending towards soil carbon gain. The combination treatment showed an unanticipated response, whereby soil respiratory carbon loss was significantly higher than either single factor alone, but without a concomitant decline in soil carbon storage. Observations suggest that when soils are exposed to both factors simultaneously, plant carbon inputs to the soil are enhanced, counterbalancing soil carbon loss and helping maintain soil carbon stocks near control levels. This has implications for both atmospheric CO₂ emissions and soil fertility and shows that coupling two important global change drivers results in a distinctive response that was not predicted by the behaviour of the single factors in isolation.</p>","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional social influence drives leadership and composition-dependent success in octopus–fish hunting groups","authors":"Eduardo Sampaio,&nbsp;Vivek H. Sridhar,&nbsp;Fritz A. Francisco,&nbsp;Máté Nagy,&nbsp;Ada Sacchi,&nbsp;Ariana Strandburg-Peshkin,&nbsp;Paul Nührenberg,&nbsp;Rui Rosa,&nbsp;Iain D. Couzin,&nbsp;Simon Gingins","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02525-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02525-2","url":null,"abstract":"Collective behaviour, social interactions and leadership in animal groups are often driven by individual differences. However, most studies focus on same-species groups, in which individual variation is relatively low. Multispecies groups, however, entail interactions among highly divergent phenotypes, ranging from simple exploitative actions to complex coordinated networks. Here we studied hunting groups of otherwise-solitary Octopus cyanea and multiple fish species, to unravel hidden mechanisms of leadership and associated dynamics in functional nature and complexity, when divergence is maximized. Using three-dimensional field-based tracking and field experiments, we found that these groups exhibit complex functional dynamics and composition-dependent properties. Social influence is hierarchically distributed over multiscale dimensions representing role specializations: fish (particularly goatfish) drive environmental exploration, deciding where, while the octopus decides if, and when, the group moves. Thus, ‘classical leadership’ can be insufficient to describe complex heterogeneous systems, in which leadership instead can be driven by both stimulating and inhibiting movement. Furthermore, group composition altered individual investment and collective action, triggering partner control mechanisms (that is, punching) and benefits for the de facto leader, the octopus. This seemingly non-social invertebrate flexibly adapts to heterospecific actions, showing hallmarks of social competence and cognition. These findings expand our current understanding of what leadership is and what sociality is. Using three-dimensional field-based tracking and field experiments, the authors find that octopus–fish collective hunting groups exhibit complex functional dynamics and composition-dependent properties, in which different members of the group lead on different decisions.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 11","pages":"2072-2084"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41559-024-02525-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shared leadership beneath the waves","authors":"Susanne Hoffmann","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02534-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41559-024-02534-1","url":null,"abstract":"A field study of multispecies groups of marine animals that engage in collective foraging finds that leadership can be shared between individuals of different species.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"8 11","pages":"2010-2012"},"PeriodicalIF":13.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientist engagement and the knowledge-action gap.","authors":"Léonard Dupont,Staffan Jacob,Hervé Philippe","doi":"10.1038/s41559-024-02535-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-024-02535-0","url":null,"abstract":"The combined gravity of biodiversity loss and climate change keeps increasing. As the approaching catastrophe has never looked so alarming, the amount of scientific knowledge about the bioclimatic crisis is still rising exponentially. Here we reflect on how researchers in ecology or climate science behave amid this crisis. In face of the disproportionality between how much scientists know and how little they engage, we discuss four barriers that may underlie the decoupling of scientific awareness from concrete action. We then reflect on the potency of rational thinking to trigger engagement on its own, and question whether more scientific knowledge can be the tipping point towards radical changes within society. Our observations challenge the tenet that a better understanding of what surrounds us is necessary to protect it efficiently. With the environmental cost of scientific research itself as an additional factor that must be considered, we suggest there is an urgent need for researchers to collectively reflect on their situation and decide how to redirect their actions.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142275206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}