Nature ecology & evolution最新文献_第4页

Ecological and hydroclimatic determinants of vegetation water-use strategies 植被用水策略的生态和水文气候决定因素

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02810-8

Bryn E. Morgan, Ryoko Araki, Anna T. Trugman, Kelly K. Caylor

{"title":"Ecological and hydroclimatic determinants of vegetation water-use strategies","authors":"Bryn E. Morgan, Ryoko Araki, Anna T. Trugman, Kelly K. Caylor","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02810-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02810-8","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetation responses to soil moisture limitation play a key role in land–atmosphere interactions and are a major source of uncertainty in future projections of the global water and carbon cycles. Vegetation water-use strategies—that is, how plants regulate transpiration rates as the soil dries—are highly dynamic across space and time, presenting a major challenge to inferring ecosystem responses to water limitation. Here we show that, when aggregated globally, water-use strategies derived from point-based soil moisture observations exhibit emergent patterns across and within climates and vegetation types along a spectrum of aggressive to conservative responses to water limitation. Water use becomes more conservative, declining more rapidly as the soil dries, as mean annual precipitation increases and as woody cover increases from grasslands to savannahs to forests. We embed this empirical synthesis within an ecohydrological framework to show that key ecological (leaf area) and hydroclimatic (aridity) factors driving demand for water explain up to 77% of the variance in water-use strategies within ecosystem types. All biomes respond to ecological and hydroclimatic demand by shifting towards more aggressive water-use strategies. However, woodlands reach a threshold beyond which water use becomes increasingly conservative, probably reflecting the greater hydraulic risk and cost of tissue damage associated with sustaining high transpiration rates under water limitation for trees than grasses. These findings highlight the importance of characterizing the dynamic nature of vegetation water-use strategies to improve predictions of ecosystem responses to climate change.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"722 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Speciation in 3D 三维物种形成

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02834-0

Vera Domingues

{"title":"Speciation in 3D","authors":"Vera Domingues","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02834-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02834-0","url":null,"abstract":"Recombination is typically suppressed in inverted chromosomal regions, leading to the accumulation of alleles important for adaptation and reproductive isolation. The 3D organization of the genome influences the location of chromosomal inversions. For example, the boundaries of chromosomal inversions often overlap with boundaries of physically interacting domains known as topologically associating domains (TADs). These observations suggest that TADs can contribute to adaptation and speciation by constraining the location of inversion breakpoints. Writing in Molecular Ecology, Yamasaki and colleagues explore the association between genome structure, inversions and gene flow in a pair of sympatric species, the Japan Sea stickleback (Gasterosteus nipponicus) and the three-spined stickleback (G. aculeatus). Comparing newly generated chromosome-scale genome assemblies for the two species, the authors found 59 inversions and showed higher levels of gene flow within the inversions when compared to those within the collinear regions, suggesting that inversions act as barriers to gene flow. The authors then used Hi-C sequencing to characterize the 3D structures of the genomes and analyse how they relate to inversions. Inversion breakpoints tended to occur at TAD boundaries, and the breakpoints of large inversions overlapped with boundaries of two genome compartments that differ in level of chromatin density and gene activity. This study shows that the 3D structure of the genome influences gene flow between two stickleback species by shaping the chromosomal location of inversions. Future work that combines genome structure analysis with population genetics can inform as to the mechanisms by which the 3D architecture of the genome influences speciation.Original reference: Mol. Ecol. https://doi.org/10.1111/mec.17814 (2025)","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mines aren’t on the maps 地雷不在地图上

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02833-1

Marian Turner

{"title":"Mines aren’t on the maps","authors":"Marian Turner","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02833-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02833-1","url":null,"abstract":"Global-scale maps of land cover are typically generated from categorizing remotely sensed data into broad designations such as cropland, built-up areas and natural vegetation. Writing in Scientific Reports, Sonter et al. show that more than half of the land area that is disturbed by mining worldwide occurs in locations classified in these maps as ‘natural’ land cover. The authors revealed this by overlaying polygons from two published maps of mining land use onto each of four global land-cover mapping products. Depending on the products used, only 22–40% of land area within mining polygons was classified as an anthropogenic land-cover type. The authors show that the main reason why mining land was classified as natural was that existing land-cover classification systems are unable to distinguish mines within natural areas, probably due to the small size of most mined areas and similar spectral characteristics of mined areas and some types of natural land cover, such as shrublands and mixed vegetation classes. The authors suggest that this limitation means that land-cover maps do not provide a good proxy for mining land-use pressures on biodiversity: such maps likely overestimate the state of biodiversity in areas disturbed by mining and underestimate the potential for conservation to recover biodiversity there. They also discuss which land-cover products provided better classification of mining polygons in which continental regions, to help planners when using existing products, and emphasize the importance of generating new products that include a land-cover class for mining.Original reference: Sci. Rep. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-01959-3 (2025)","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Restoration outcomes are compromised by a lack of diverse native seed supply 由于缺乏多样化的本地种子供应，恢复结果受到影响

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02825-1

Rachael V. Gallagher

引用次数: 0

Breathing room for diving lice 给潜水虱子喘息的空间

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02832-2

Vaishali Bhaumik

{"title":"Breathing room for diving lice","authors":"Vaishali Bhaumik","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02832-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02832-2","url":null,"abstract":"Seal lice, also known as diving lice, are ectoparasites of marine mammals. Unlike most terrestrial insect species, seal lice have developed respiratory adaptations that allow them to survive on hosts that dive to depths of hundreds or thousands of metres below the sea surface for prolonged periods. Two independent studies published in Communications Biology investigate the underwater breathing adaptations of two species of seal lice that allow them to survive at these depths.In one study, Preuss et al. examined the seal louse Echinophthirius horridus, which parasitizes true seals. Previous studies had speculated that seal lice rely on a plastron — a hydrophobic structure that maintains an air film around the insect cuticle — for underwater breathing. Preuss et al. used advanced imaging techniques, 3D-reconstruction and buoyancy experiments to show that E. horridus does not possess a plastron. Instead, it probably stores some oxygen in its tracheal system with a specialized spiracle-closing apparatus and uses a combination of skin respiration and reduced metabolism (quiescence) to survive underwater. In another paper, Leonardi et al. performed morphological, physiological and genomic analyses to study respiratory adaptations in adults and nymphs of the seal louse Lepidophthirus macrorhini, collected from southern elephant seals. The authors found that these seal lice have developed an efficient spiracle closure system that prevents water from entering their tracheal system even during rapid changes in hydrostatic pressure. When underwater, lice immobilize to minimize metabolic energy expenditure and oxygen consumption. A phylogenetic analysis of globin genes showed that seal louse genomes contain haemoglobin-like genes, which may confer the ability to store oxygen during host dives.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lagged precipitation effects on plant production across terrestrial biomes 滞后降水对陆地生物群系植物生产的影响

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02806-4

Lei He, Jian Wang, Drew M. P. Peltier, François Ritter, Philippe Ciais, Josep Peñuelas, Jingfeng Xiao, Thomas W. Crowther, Xing Li, Jian-Sheng Ye, Takehiro Sasaki, Chenghu Zhou, Zhao-Liang Li

{"title":"Lagged precipitation effects on plant production across terrestrial biomes","authors":"Lei He, Jian Wang, Drew M. P. Peltier, François Ritter, Philippe Ciais, Josep Peñuelas, Jingfeng Xiao, Thomas W. Crowther, Xing Li, Jian-Sheng Ye, Takehiro Sasaki, Chenghu Zhou, Zhao-Liang Li","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02806-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02806-4","url":null,"abstract":"Precipitation effects on plant carbon uptake extend beyond immediate timeframes, reflecting temporal lags between rainfall and plant growth. Mechanisms and relative importance of such lagged effects are expected to vary across ecosystems. Here we draw on an extensive collections of productivity proxies from long-term ground measurements, satellite observations and model simulations to show that preceding-year precipitation exerts a comparable influence on plant productivity to current-year precipitation. Statistically supported lagged precipitation effects are detected in 13.4%–19.7% of the grids depending on the data source. In these sites, preceding-year precipitation positively controls current-year plant productivity in water-limited areas, while negative effects occur in some wet regions, such as tropical forests. While aridity emerges as the main driver of this spatial variability, machine learning-based spatial attribution also indicates interactions among plant traits, climatic conditions and soil properties. We also show that soil water dynamics, plant phenology and foliar structure might mediate lagged precipitation effects across time. Our findings highlight the role of preceding-year precipitation in global plant productivity.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Citrus reticulata (mandarin) 柑橘（柑桔）

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02822-4

Qiang Xu

引用次数: 0

The structure of an ancient genotype–phenotype map shaped the functional evolution of a protein family 一个古老的基因型-表型图谱的结构塑造了一个蛋白质家族的功能进化

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02777-6

Santiago Herrera-Álvarez, Jaeda E. J. Patton, Joseph W. Thornton

{"title":"The structure of an ancient genotype–phenotype map shaped the functional evolution of a protein family","authors":"Santiago Herrera-Álvarez, Jaeda E. J. Patton, Joseph W. Thornton","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02777-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02777-6","url":null,"abstract":"Mutations are more likely to produce some phenotypes than others, but the causal role of these production propensities in the evolution of phenotypic diversity remains unclear. There are two major challenges: it is difficult to separate the effect of the genotype–phenotype (GP) map from that of natural selection when analysing natural diversity, and most extant phenotypes evolved long ago in species whose GP maps cannot be recovered. Here, using two reconstructed ancestral transcription factors that are closely related but differ in function, we created libraries containing all possible amino acid combinations at historically variable sites in the proteins’ DNA binding interface (the genotypes) and measured their capacity to specifically bind DNA elements containing all possible combinations of nucleotides at historically variable sites (the phenotypes). The ancestral GP maps were strongly anisotropic (the distribution of phenotypes encoded by genotypes is highly non-uniform) and heterogeneous (the phenotypes accessible around each genotype vary greatly among genotypes), but the extent and direction of these properties differed substantially between the maps. In both cases, these properties steered evolution towards the lineage-specific phenotypes that evolved during history. Our findings establish that ancient properties of the GP relationship were causal factors in the evolutionary process that produced present-day patterns of functional conservation and diversity.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144701793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding environmental impacts of plastic requires a palaeontological lens 了解塑料对环境的影响需要一个古生物学的视角

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02813-5

Sarah Gabbott, Arnoud Boom, Jan Zalasiewicz

引用次数: 0

Tropical biodiversity loss from land-use change is severely underestimated by local-scale assessments 地方尺度的评估严重低估了土地利用变化造成的热带生物多样性损失

IF 16.8 1区生物学

Nature ecology & evolution Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-025-02779-4

Jacob B. Socolar, Simon C. Mills, James J. Gilroy, Diego E. Martínez-Revelo, Claudia A. Medina-Uribe, Edicson Parra-Sanchez, Marcela Ramirez-Gutierrez, Jørgen Sand Sæbø, Henry S. Meneses, Giovanny Pérez, Jos Barlow, Jose M. Ochoa Quintero, Robert P. Freckleton, Torbjørn Haugaasen, David P. Edwards

{"title":"Tropical biodiversity loss from land-use change is severely underestimated by local-scale assessments","authors":"Jacob B. Socolar, Simon C. Mills, James J. Gilroy, Diego E. Martínez-Revelo, Claudia A. Medina-Uribe, Edicson Parra-Sanchez, Marcela Ramirez-Gutierrez, Jørgen Sand Sæbø, Henry S. Meneses, Giovanny Pérez, Jos Barlow, Jose M. Ochoa Quintero, Robert P. Freckleton, Torbjørn Haugaasen, David P. Edwards","doi":"10.1038/s41559-025-02779-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02779-4","url":null,"abstract":"Human impacts on nature span vast spatial scales that transcend abiotic gradients and biogeographic barriers, yet estimates of biodiversity loss from land-use change overwhelmingly derive from local-scale studies. Using a field dataset of 971 bird species sampled in forest and cattle pasture across 13 biogeographic regions of Colombia, we quantify biodiversity losses from local to near-national scales. Losses are on average 60% worse at the pan-Colombian scale than in individual regions, with underestimation remaining until six to seven biogeographic regions are sampled. Regional losses greatly exceed local losses when beta-diversity is high due to reduced species turnover in pasture across geographic space and elevation. Extrapolation from local-scale studies causes major underestimation of biodiversity loss, emphasizing the need to incorporate spatial structure into measures of change.","PeriodicalId":18835,"journal":{"name":"Nature ecology & evolution","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0