Molecular Genetics and Genomics最新文献

{"title":"Beginning at the ends: telomere and telomere-based cancer therapeutics.","authors":"Zahra Sadr, Masoumeh Ghasemi, Soheyla Jafarpour, Reyhaneh Seyfi, Aida Ghasemi, Elham Boustanipour, Hamid Reza Khorram Khorshid, Naeim Ehtesham","doi":"10.1007/s00438-024-02206-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00438-024-02206-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Telomeres, which are situated at the terminal ends of chromosomes, undergo a reduction in length with each cellular division, ultimately reaching a critical threshold that triggers cellular senescence. Cancer cells circumvent this senescence by utilizing telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMMs) that grant them a form of immortality. These mechanisms can be categorized into two primary processes: the reactivation of telomerase reverse transcriptase and the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway, which is dependent on homologous recombination (HR). Various strategies have been developed to inhibit telomerase activation in 85-95% of cancers, including the use of antisense oligonucleotides such as small interfering RNAs and endogenous microRNAs, agents that simulate telomere uncapping, expression modulators, immunotherapeutic vaccines targeting telomerase, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, stabilization of G-quadruplex structures, and gene therapy approaches. Conversely, in the remaining 5-15% of human cancers that rely on ALT, mechanisms involve modifications in the chromatin environment surrounding telomeres, upregulation of TERRA long non-coding RNA, enhanced activation of the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad-3-related protein kinase signaling pathway, increased interactions with nuclear receptors, telomere repositioning driven by HR, and recombination events between non-sister chromatids, all of which present potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Additionally, combinatorial therapy has emerged as a strategy that employs selective agents to simultaneously target both telomerase and ALT, aiming for optimal clinical outcomes. Given the critical role of anti-TMM strategies in cancer treatment, this review provides an overview of the latest insights into the structure and function of telomeres, their involvement in tumorigenesis, and the advancements in TMM-based cancer therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":18816,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","volume":"300 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptional analysis of C. elegans fmos at different life stages and their roles in ageing.","authors":"Mohamed Said, Bill T Ferrara, Andreea Aprodu, Filipe Cabreiro, Elinor P Thompson, Jeremy Everett","doi":"10.1007/s00438-024-02201-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00438-024-02201-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Flavin-containing monooxygenases (FMOs) are present in most organisms including plants, fungi, bacteria, invertebrates and vertebrates, where they catalyse the oxidative metabolism of a range of xenobiotics and endogenous metabolites. FMOs have been associated with ageing and longevity in the mouse and in C. elegans. As all five FMOs of C. elegans share an evolutionary root with mouse and human FMO5, it was of interest to discover if effects on ageing and longevity persisted across the whole group. We therefore investigated the impact of fmo gene knockout (KO) in C. elegans. We found that fmo-1, fmo-3 and fmo-4 KO significantly extended C. elegans lifespan relative to wild type and, as previously reported, FMO-2 over-expression did likewise. The transcription levels of C. elegans fmo genes were determined throughout the life cycle (embryo, larva and adult) in wild type and in each mutant to discover if their expression was related to stages in ageing, and expression levels were compared to those in human and mouse. In wild type worms, fmo-1 and fmo-4 were the mostly highly transcribed genes (especially at the larval stage), whereas fmo-2 and fmo-3 were the least transcribed, at all stages. Notably, the knockout of fmo-4 led to a 17- to 30-fold up-regulation of fmo-2, along with significantly increased levels of the other fmos. This parallels recent findings in the long-lived C. elegans tald-1 mutant where fmo-2 was also significantly up-regulated and reinforces its importance in lifespan extension.</p>","PeriodicalId":18816,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","volume":"299 1","pages":"113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide association study identified QTLs and genes underlying early seedling vigour in aus rice (Oryza sativa L.).","authors":"Firos T M Basha, Puranjoy Sar, Prolay K Bhowmick, Anima Mahato, Deepak S Bisht, Mir A Iquebal, Koushik Chakraborty, Amrita Banerjee, Bibhash C Verma, Debarati Bhaduri, Jitendra Kumar, Umakanta Ngangkham, Soumya Saha, Priyamedha, Nimai P Mandal, Somnath Roy","doi":"10.1007/s00438-024-02204-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-024-02204-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early seedling vigour (ESV) is a key trait that enhances early establishment, stress tolerance, and grain yield in rice, especially in direct-seeded rice (DSR) systems. The aus varietal groups is known for its high seedling vigour. The screening of aus diversity panel for ESV traits and subsequent genome-wide association study (GWAS) can lead to the identification of genetic components of ESV. Here, we report the genetic variation in seven ESV traits along with days to 50% flowering and grain yield in a panel of 181 aus accessions evaluated under field conditions. We observed significant variations in the studied traits. The vegetative vigour, scored visually, was significantly correlated with most of the traits, suggesting its impact on overall plant performance. Comparative analysis of aus genetic groups revealed significant variations, and the subpopulation that includes early maturing drought tolerant genotypes was the most vigorous, and thus ideal for donor selection. GWAS using 918, 863 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers identified 14 significant QTLs, including seven novel ones, linked to vegetative vigour, average growth rate and seedling biomass. Candidate genes like OsPDR1, NCKAP1, and OsSAUR10, involved in jasmonic acid biosynthesis, ABA signaling, and brassinosteroid pathways, were identified to be associated with ESV regulation. This study provides insights into the genetic basis of ESV in aus rice, identifying promising germplasm and genes that could improve seedling vigour and yield in DSR systems. Future research should validate these findings and integrate them into breeding programs for enhanced rice performance in various environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18816,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","volume":"299 1","pages":"112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-exome sequencing identifies rare recessive variants in azoospermia patients from consanguineous Pakistani families.","authors":"Islam Uddin, Iqra Zafar, Caoling Xu, Wenqing Li, Muhammad Imran Khan, Limin Wu, Jianqiang Bao","doi":"10.1007/s00438-024-02205-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-024-02205-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Azoospermia, a severe form of male infertility characterized by the complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate, affects about 1% of the male population, with most cases attributed to nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) caused by gametogenic failure. NOA has various genetic origins, including chromosomal abnormalities, Y chromosome microdeletions, and monogenic mutations. Although whole-exome sequencing (WES) has identified over thirty candidate genes associated with NOA, the genetic causes of most cases have yet to be elucidated. In our study, we selected seven consanguineous families diagnosed with azoospermia from a total of 21 male infertile families recruited from the rural area of Pakistan. Blood samples were collected from both patients and fertile controls for DNA extraction, followed by WES to identify potential causative recessive monogenic variants linked to male infertility. We successfully identified five deleterious variants among five of the seven families, including three missense biallelic substitutions in WWC2, RPL10L, and SOHLH1, a hemizygous deletion in ESX1, and a homozygous deletion in TXNDC2, which have potentially pathogenic relevance to the azoospermia of human male infertility. These novel findings enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex etiology of azoospermia, offering valuable insights for genetic counseling and diagnostics and paving the way for future therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":18816,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","volume":"299 1","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WTAP increases BMP2 expression to promote osteoblast differentiation and inhibit osteoblast senescence via m⁶A methylation of Sp1.","authors":"Bin Yue, Wei Zhang, Ming Li, Li Xu","doi":"10.1007/s00438-024-02203-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-024-02203-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pro-differentiation and anti-senescence treatment may be potential strategies for senile osteoporosis therapy. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying osteoblast differentiation and senescence in senile osteoporosis remain to be clarified. In the present study, the preosteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 was used to induce osteoblast differentiation. The H₂O₂ was applied to induce senescence. H₂O₂ treatment significantly inhibited the expression of Wilms tumor 1-associating protein (WTAP), runtrelated transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Osterix and specific protein 1 (Sp1), inhibited the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, upregulated the senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal), and increased the mRNA levels of p16 and p21. WTAP overexpression significantly reversed the effect of H₂O₂, during the osteoblast differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. The RIP-qRT-PCR and MeRIP-qRT-PCR assays confirmed that N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification of Sp1 mRNA was significantly decreased by H₂O₂ treatment, but was increased by WTAP overexpression. The m⁶A modification of Sp1 mRNA significantly increased the stability of Sp1 mRNA. The ChIP-qRT-PCR assay and luciferase reporter gene assay showed that Sp1 could bind to the promoter of BMP2. BMP2 knockdown reversed the effect of Sp1 on osteoblast differentiation and senescence. In conclusion, WTAP increased BMP2 expression to promote osteoblast differentiation and inhibit osteoblast senescence via increasing m⁶A methylation of Sp1 mRNA. This study sheds new light on our understanding of mechanisms underlying osteoblast differentiation and senescence, and provides potential strategies for senile osteoporosis therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":18816,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","volume":"299 1","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the genomic and metabolic abilities of PGPR Pseudomonas fluorescens in promoting plant growth and fire blight management.","authors":"Megha Mankoti, Nisha Kumari Pandit, Sumer Singh Meena, Anee Mohanty","doi":"10.1007/s00438-024-02198-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-024-02198-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pseudomonas fluorescens is commonly found in diverse environments and is well known for its metabolic and antagonistic properties. Despite its remarkable attributes, its potential role in promoting plant growth remains unexplored. This study examines these traits across 14 strains residing in diverse rhizosphere environments through pangenome and comparative genome analysis, alongside molecular docking studies against Erwinia amylovora to combat fire blight. Whole genome analysis revealed circular chromosome (6.01-7.07 Mb) with GC content averaging 59.95-63.39%. Predicted genes included 16S rRNA and protein-coding genes ranging from 4435 to 6393 bp and 1527 to 1541 bp, respectively. Pangenome analysis unveiled an open pangenome, shedding light on genetic factors influencing plant growth promotion and biocontrol, including nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, siderophore production, stress tolerance, flagella biosynthesis, and induced systemic resistance. Furthermore, pyrrolnitrin, phenazine-1-carboxylic acid, pyoluteorin, lokisin, 2,4-diacetylpholoroglucinol and pseudomonic acid were identified. Molecular docking against key proteins of E. amylovora highlighted the high binding affinities of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pseudomonic acid, and lokisin. These findings underscore the multifaceted role of P. fluorescens in plant growth promotion and biocontrol, with key biomolecules showing promising applications in plant growth and defense against pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":18816,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","volume":"299 1","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142730806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive genome-based analysis identifies the anti-cancerous role of the anoikis-related gene ADH1A in modulating the pathogenesis of breast cancer.","authors":"Cheng Chen, Shan Guo, Wenying Chai, Jun Yang, Ying Yang, Guimin Chen, Haishan Rao, Yun Ma, Song Bai","doi":"10.1007/s00438-024-02200-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-024-02200-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Breast cancer (BC), a widespread and lethal neoplasm, is irrespective of the subtype of BC. Metastasis remains a crucial determinant for unfavorable outcome. The identification of novel diagnostic markers is instrumental in optimizing the treatment regime for BC. The direct correlation between anoikis and the progression/outcome of BC is well established. Nevertheless, the contribution of anoikis-related genes (ARGs) in BC remains obscure at present. We implemented the METABRIC dataset to scrutinize and assess differentially expressed ARGs in BC versus healthy breast tissues. An unsupervised consensus clustering approach for ARGs was employed to classify patients into diverse subtypes. ESTIMATE algorithms were utilized to assess immune infiltrative patterns. Prognostic gene expression patterns were derived from LASSO regression and univariate COX regression analysis. Subsequently, these signatures underwent examination via use of the Kaplan-Meier survival curve. 6 pairs of fresh tissue specimens (tumor and adjacent non-tumor) were employed to assess the expression of 7 ARGs genes via qPCR. Notably, DCN and FOS were not expressed in BC tissue, which had been excluded in our subsequent experiments. Also, among remaining 5 ARGs, solely the expression of ADH1A demonstrated a statistically remarkable disparity between freshly collected cancer tissues and the adjacent ones. ADH1A-overexpressed and ADH1A-sh vectors were transfected into MCF-7 and MCF-7-AR cell lines, respectively. The expression status of FABP4, CALML5, ADH1A, C1orf106, CIDEC, β-catenin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin in the clinical samples were scrutinized using RT-qPCR and western blotting techniques. Migration and invasion through transwell chambers were employed to assess the migratory and invasive potential of the cells. Detailed evaluation of cell proliferation was conducted utilizing a Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The apoptotic index of the cells was determined by flow cytometry analysis. An innovative anoikis-associated signature consisting of seven genes, namely ADH1A, DCN, CIEDC, FABP4, FOS, CALML5, and C1orf106, was devised to stratify BC patients into high- and low-risk cohorts. This unique risk assessment model, formulated via the distinctive signature approach, has been validated as an independent prognostic indicator. Additional analysis demonstrated that distinct risk subtypes manifested variances in the tumor microenvironment and drug sensitivities. Suppression of ADH1A enhanced the migratory and invasive capacities and reduced these tumorigenesis-related protein levels, underscoring the prognostic role of ADH1A in the progression of BC. Through our meticulous study, we have elucidated the possible molecular markers and clinical implications of ARGs in BC. Our model, which incorporate seven ARGs, has proven to accurately forecast the survival outcomes of BC patients. Moreover, the thorough molecular study of ADH1A has augmented our comprehension of ARGs in BC and","PeriodicalId":18816,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","volume":"299 1","pages":"108"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High expression of ADAR mediated by OGT promotes chemoresistance in colorectal cancer through the A-to-I editing pathway.","authors":"Tingting Liu, Wanyu Ji, Yong Wang, Ying Zhang, Feng Qi, Qinglei Hang","doi":"10.1007/s00438-024-02197-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00438-024-02197-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor with poor prognosis and adverse therapeutic effect. The study aims to elucidate the contribution of OGT-mediated glycosylation of ADAR to chemoresistance in CRC through its role and regulatory mechanisms. Variations in OGT expression levels and their impact on CRC cell chemoresistance were investigated using gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays. Through a series of molecular biology experiments, we confirmed that ADAR is the downstream target of OGT regulation, emphasizing the role of OGT-mediated glycosylation in stabilizing ADAR. Furthermore, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were conducted to examine the effects of ADAR-mediated A-to-I editing on the mRNA stability and translation of genes associated with DNA damage repair. Elevated OGT expression was found to enhance CRC's malignancy and resistance to chemotherapy. OGT's influence leads to the glycosylation of ADAR, thereby increasing its protein levels. ADAR, through its role in A-to-I editing, modulates the mRNA editing of genes implicated in DNA damage repair. This regulation enhances the expression of these genes, improves DNA repair capabilities, and ultimately, fosters chemoresistance in CRC cells. In conclusion, ADAR promotes PARP1 expression under the positive regulation of OGT-mediated O-glycosylation modification to enhance drug resistance in COAD cells. It provides the research basis for overcoming the drug resistance of CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":18816,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","volume":"299 1","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovering the role of microRNAs and exosomal microRNAs in chest and pulmonary diseases: a spotlight on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","authors":"FangYuan Nan, Bo Liu, Cheng Yao","doi":"10.1007/s00438-024-02199-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-024-02199-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory condition and ranks as the fourth leading cause of mortality worldwide. Despite extensive research efforts, a reliable diagnostic or prognostic tool for COPD remains elusive. The identification of novel biomarkers may facilitate improved therapeutic strategies for patients suffering from this debilitating disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which are small non-coding RNA molecules, have emerged as promising candidates for the prediction and diagnosis of COPD. Studies have demonstrated that dysregulation of miRNAs influences critical cellular and molecular pathways, including Notch, Wnt, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, transforming growth factor, Kras, and Smad, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of COPD. Extracellular vesicles, particularly exosomes, merit further investigation due to their capacity to transport various biomolecules such as mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins between cells. This intercellular communication can significantly impact the progression and severity of COPD by modulating signaling pathways in recipient cells. A deeper exploration of circulating miRNAs and the content of extracellular vesicles may lead to the discovery of novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, ultimately enhancing the management of COPD. The current review focus on the pathogenic role of miRNAs and their exosomal counterparts in chest and respiratory diseases, centering COPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":18816,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","volume":"299 1","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From cactus to crop: genomic insights of a beneficial and non-pathogenic Curtobacterium flaccumfaciens strain and the evolution of its pathosystem.","authors":"Dilson Fagundes Ribeiro, Jéssica Pereira de Matos, Lorrana Cachuite Mendes Rocha, Ana Karla da Silva, Camila Henriques de Paula, Isabella Ferreira Cordeiro, Camila Gracyelle de Carvalho Lemes, Angélica Bianchini Sanchez, Camila Carrião Machado Garcia, João Carlos Setubal, Robson Francisco de Souza, Alessandro de Mello Varani, Nalvo Franco Almeida, Leandro Marcio Moreira","doi":"10.1007/s00438-024-02194-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00438-024-02194-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the advent of advanced sequencing technologies, new insights into the genomes of pathogens, including those in the genus Curtobacterium, have emerged. This research investigates a newly isolated C. flaccumfaciens strain 208 (Cf208) from Arthrocereus glaziovii, and endemic plant from Iron Quadrangle. Previous results show that Cf208 exhibits the potential to remediate soils, facilitating the growth of tomato plants. Furthermore, Cf208 showed no virulence towards bean plants, thus, confounding its phytopathogenic origins. Using a comprehensive comparative genomics approach, we analyzed the Cf208 genome against 34 other Curtobacterium strains, aiming to discern the genomic landmarks associated with its adaptation as an endophyte and its avirulence in bean crops. This revealed a predominant core genome comprising about 2426 genes (68%). Notably, Cf208 possesses a unique plasmid, pCF208-73, which contains 84 unique genes (2.5%). However, unlike the plasmids previously described for pathogenic strains, pCF208-73 does not feature genes associated with virulence induction. In contrast, while several genes traditionally linked to virulence, like pectate lyases and proteases were identified, but the T4P apparatus emerged as new crucial factor for understanding virulence in the Curtobacterium genus. The presence or absence of this apparatus, especially in strains from different clades, may determine their virulence towards leguminous plants. In conclusion, this work highlights the significance of comparative genomics in unraveling the complexities of pathogenicity within the Curtobacterium genus. Our findings suggest that, although the limited genetic variations, specific genes, particularly those linked to the T4P apparatus, play a fundamental role in their interactions with host plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":18816,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Genetics and Genomics","volume":"299 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142562457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}