Microscopy Research and Technique最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Metallurgical Features on the Cyclic and Torsional Properties of Five Reciprocating Instruments Manufactured With Blue Thermal Treatment.","authors":"Abel Victor Isidro Teves Cordova, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan, Cesar Andre Zevallos Quiroz, Hubert Ponce Guzmán, Pedro Souza Calefi, Bruna Oliveira Pinto, Diego Rafael Nespeque Correa, Carlos Roberto Grandini, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the metallurgical and mechanical properties of five reciprocating instruments with blue thermal treatment. A total of 200 NiTi rotary instruments (25.08 and 40.06) were used: Reciproc Blue (RB), RC Blue (RCB), Only One File (OOF), Blue T (BT), and Rec Blue File (RBF). The cyclic fatigue test was performed in an artificial canal with a curvature angle of 60° and a curvature radius of 5 mm (n = 20). The time to fracture was recorded (TTF). The torsional test was performed to evaluate the maximum torsional strength and angular deflection of the instrument's tip (n = 20). Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and x-ray diffractometry (XRD) were used to assess the metallurgical features. ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for statistical comparison. The OOF 25.08 and 40.06 exhibited higher TTF than the other groups (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference among OOF, RBF, and RB 25.08 regarding the torsional strength (p > 0.05). RCB 40.06 had the lowest torsional strength (p > 0.05). DSC analysis indicated that OOF had higher austenite start and finishing temperatures. XRD analysis revealed that the 25.08 and 40.06 instruments of OOF had the highest peaks of the martensite phase. Variations in metallurgical phases and temperature transformations affected the mechanical properties of the instruments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Different Application Parameters of Cold Atmospheric Plasma on Foodborne Pathogen Inactivation.","authors":"Berat Cinar Acar","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foodborne pathogens are a major public health concern, causing millions of illnesses and deaths yearly. Traditional thermal processing methods, such as cooking and pasteurization, are effective at killing pathogens, but they can also damage food quality. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) can inactivate foodborne pathogens without damaging food quality. CAP has several advantages over traditional thermal processing methods. It is a non-thermal process, meaning that it does not heat food. This can help to preserve the nutritional and sensory quality of food. CAP can be targeted to specific areas of food, such as the surface or interior. This can help to reduce the overall processing time and energy consumption. In the study, two Gram (+) (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 7644), three Gram (-) (Salmonella typhimurium CCM 5445, Salmonella enteridis ATCC 13076, Escherichia coli O157:H7), and one yeast culture (Candida albicans ATCC 10231), known as pathogens, were used to examine the influence of CAP on microorganisms. The samples were treated with CAP at different power rates (100, 150, and 200 W) and exposure times (30, 60, 180, and 300 s) with different application parameters (directly to microorganisms, distilled water, microorganism + distilled water combination). Then, the number of viable cells was determined after the procedure. Among the methods, it was found that the direct cold plasma application is the most effective for the inhibition of microorganisms. Besides, it was designated that the inhibition of pathogen microorganisms increased as the power rate and contact time enhanced. Cold plasma treatment induced membrane damage in microorganism cells, with the severity of damage increased with longer treatment times. A 300-s direct plasma exposure induced cell lysis and membrane disintegration, highlighting the potential of this technology. This study aimed to investigate the potential of CAP technology to control microbial contamination in food and agriculture, focusing on determining optimal treatment parameters and understanding the morphological changes induced in bacteria by the plasma.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Wound Healing Potential of Characterized Bergenia ciliata–Loaded Salvia hispanica Hydrogel in Diabetic Mice","authors":"Muhammad Summer,&nbsp;Shaukat Ali,&nbsp;Gulzar Muhammad,&nbsp;Anfah Riaz","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24826","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jemt.24826","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study assessed the wound healing potential of <i>Bergenia ciliata</i> (BC) extract, BC-loaded \u0000 <i>Salvia hispanica</i>\u0000 hydrogel (CH-BC) and <i>Bergenia ciliata</i> nanoparticles (NPs)–loaded \u0000 <i>Salvia hispanica</i>\u0000 hydrogel (CH-BC AgNPs/NPs-loaded hydrogel) using in vitro and in vivo studies. The prepared hydrogel and its components were analyzed using UV–visible spectrophotometry (UV–vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis/particle size analyzer (PSA), zeta potential, fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Peaks and peak shifts at 450–460, 250–260, and 270–280 nm in UV–vis and FT-IR (500–4000 cm⁻¹) confirmed extract loading and various functional group presence. DLS confirmed the nanometric size of BC AgNP while zeta potential indicated the slightly negative charge of prepared hydrogel. SEM assessed the average size and topography of <i>Bergenia ciliata</i>–mediated nanoparticles (BC AgNPs) and BC AgNPs loaded hydrogel (CH-BC AgNPs), and XRD peaks at various 2ϴ (10–70) confirmed the topographical and crystalline and porous nature of materials. <i>Bergenia ciliata</i> extract showed higher radical scavenging (74.19% ± 1.84%) and iron chelation activity (93.70 ± 2.20) at 50 and 25 μL/mL, respectively, while CH-BC AgNPs produced the lowest (48.97% ± 3.0%) at 25 and 75 μL/mL (54.35 ± 3.24). Moreover, Chia hydrogel (CH) synergistically enhanced (1.30%) DPPH scavenging. The wound contraction percentage augmented the CH-BC AgNPs as the potent candidate for wound healing (14th day). These findings were further supported by a significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) restoration of MMP2 (184.6 ± 11.7 pg/mL), TIMPs (184.8 ± 15.7 pg/mL), GPx (153.4 ± 11.5 pg/mL), and IL-6 (10 ± 1 pg/mL) levels as compared to those of diabetic negative control. The normal reepithelization, angiogenesis, and maturation of wounds in treatment groups after histological analysis further strengthened the supposed rationale that CH, along with the BC extract and CH-BC AgNPs, can act synergistically to improve therapeutic results. Hence, CH-BC appeared as a sustainable, biocompatible, and nontoxic agent for wound healing and paved the way for futuristic biomedical investigations.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":"88 6","pages":"1917-1934"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Ensemble for Central Serous Microscopic Retinopathy Detection in Retinal Optical Coherence Tomographic Images.","authors":"Syed Ale Hassan, Shahzad Akbar, Ijaz Ali Shoukat, Amjad R Khan, Faten S Alamri, Tanzila Saba","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jemt.24836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The retina is an important part of the eye that aids in focusing light and visual recognition to the brain. Hence, its damage causes vision loss in the human eye. Central serous retinopathy is a common retinal disorder in which serous detachment occurs at the posterior pole of the retina. Therefore, detection of CSR at an early stage with good accuracy can decrease the rate of vision loss and recover the vision to normal conditions. In the past, numerous manual techniques have been devised for CSR detection; nevertheless, they have demonstrated imprecision and unreliability. Thus, the deep learning method can play an important role in automatically detecting CSR. This research presents a convolutional neural network-based framework combined with segmentation and post-ocessing for CSR classification. There are several challenges in the segmentation of retinal images, such as noise, size variation, location, and shape of the fluid in the retina. To address these limitations, Otsu's thresholding has been employed as a technique for segmenting optical coherence tomography (OCT) images. Pigments and fluids are present in epithelial detachment, and contrast adjustment and noise removal are required. After segmentation, post-processing is used, combining flood filling, dilation, and area thresholding. The segmented processed OCT scans were classified using the fusion of three networks: (i) ResNet-18, (ii) Google-Net, and (iii) VGG-19. After experimentation, the fusion of ResNet-18, GoogleNet, and VGG-19 achieved 99.6% accuracy, 99.46% sensitivity, 100% specificity, and 99.73% F1 score using the proposed framework for classifying normal and CSR-affected images. A publicly available dataset OCTID comprises 207 normal and 102 CSR-affected images was utilized for testing and training of the proposed method. The experimental findings conclusively demonstrate the inherent suitability and efficacy of the framework put forth. Through rigorous testing and analysis, the results unequivocally validate the framework's ability to fulfill its intended objectives and address the challenges at hand.</p>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Particles From Collagen Bio-Stimulating Materials Used in Facial Filling Procedures","authors":"Marina de Moraes Nobre,&nbsp;May Anny Alves Fraga,&nbsp;Valéria Dal Coll,&nbsp;Cássia Almeida Brito,&nbsp;Livia Rodrigues de Menezes,&nbsp;Marcela Marçal Thebit,&nbsp;Américo Bortolazzo Correr","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24837","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jemt.24837","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this study was to characterize the calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) particles present in collagen bio-stimulating materials used in facial rejuvenation procedures. Five collagen bio-stimulating materials were evaluated: Radiesse, Rennova Diamond, HarmonyCa, Victalab Bio-stimulator, and Optimus Bio-stimulator. One gram of each material was successively immersed in water to remove the organic part (carboxymethyl cellulose) until the supernatant was clear. Particle morphology and composition were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Radiesse showed particles with homogeneous distribution, spherical shape, and size between 24 and 38 μm. Rennova Diamond and HarmonyCa had a spherical shape and varied sizes, between 12–62 μm and 22–51 μm, respectively. Victalab and Optimus showed irregular particles, sharp angles, and sizes between 3–93 μm and 4–57 μm, respectively. FTIR analyzes showed that all materials presented CaHA with similar composition. It can be concluded that the collagen bio-stimulator materials presented different inorganic contents in terms of size and morphology.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":"88 6","pages":"1935-1944"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Effects of Fagonia cretica Thereof: An In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation","authors":"Muhammad Kashif,&nbsp;Arshad Abbas,&nbsp;Amar Nasir,&nbsp;Aziz Ur Rehman,&nbsp;Eram Rehman,&nbsp;Mohsin Kazi,&nbsp;Muhammad Ameen Jamal","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24831","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jemt.24831","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cancer has appeared as the second leading cause of death worldwide, and breast cancer has become a major health problem due to its high mortality and morbidity. Therefore, there is an urgent need for treatments that have minimal side effects while delivering effective therapeutic outcomes. A wild medicinal plant-derived extract has the potential to cure cancer and decrease side effects. In this study, we characterized the physicochemical properties of <i>Fagonia cretica</i> and evaluated its efficacy and safety as an anticancer drug. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, and saponins, with total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 1.44 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g and 0.99 ± 0.02, respectively. Flavonoids and phenols were found to be the primary components in the aqueous extract, and kaempferol-7-o rhamanoside, flavanone, catechin, D-pinitol, arbutin, isorhamnetin, herbacetin-3,8-dimethyl ether, and lupeol were identified through LC–MS analysis. The MTT assay revealed the time- and dose-dependent effects of <i>F. cretica</i> on the viability of cancer cell lines (MCF-7). The scavenging properties also increased in a dose-dependent manner, with the maximum effect occurring at 200 μg/mL. The in vivo trials revealed that oral treatment with <i>F. cretica</i> at 120 mg/kg in cancer-induced rats significantly improved body weight and regressed the tumor compared with the control (4.09 ± 0.87 vs. 6.43 ± 1.21, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), as evidenced by histopathology. The liver and kidney functions were normal, and a reduction in the mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and platelet count was observed after <i>F. cretica</i> treatment. These findings indicate that the aqueous extract of <i>F. cretica</i> possesses anticancer, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties without adverse effects on liver or kidney functions. The present research provides a theoretical basis for the use of medicinal plants; however, there is still a need to investigate the molecular mechanisms involved.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":"88 6","pages":"1893-1903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and Comparative Antibacterial Activities of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesized by Tagetes patula L. (Asteraceae) Flower Extract","authors":"Syed Babar Hussain,&nbsp;Samra Zahra,&nbsp;Shabab Hussain,&nbsp;Haroon Mahmood,&nbsp;Anwar ul Haq,&nbsp;Muhammad Shafique,&nbsp;Abdul Rehman Gill,&nbsp;Amjad Ali,&nbsp;Muhammad Ammar Javed,&nbsp;Muhammad Nauman Khan,&nbsp;Alevcan Kaplan,&nbsp;Nasir Assad,&nbsp;Reem M. Aljowaie,&nbsp;Mohamed S. Elshikh","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24829","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jemt.24829","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were successfully synthesized through a green approach using \u0000 <i>Tagetes patula</i>\u0000 L. flower extract. The phytochemical composition of the extract was analyzed by GC–MS. The characterization of AuNPs was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray powder diffraction, UV–visible spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in combination with energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX). The UV absorption peak at 550 nm was identified as characteristic of gold nanoparticles, and the XRD results confirmed their crystalline nature, with the crystallite size estimated to be around 40 ± 5 nm based on the x-ray peak widening. FTIR, SEM, and EDX analyses confirmed the successful synthesis of AuNPs. The antimicrobial properties of AuNPs were investigated against both plant and human pathogens, demonstrating larger inhibition zones compared to conventional antibiotics. Significant zones of inhibition were observed, including \u0000 <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>\u0000 (26.65 mm), \u0000 <i>Escherichia coli</i>\u0000 (23.15 mm), <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (20.85 mm), and \u0000 <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>\u0000 (12.25 mm). For plant pathogens, inhibition zones included \u0000 <i>Xanthomonas campestris</i>\u0000 (31.08 mm), \u0000 <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>\u0000 (28.95 mm), and \u0000 <i>Erwinia amylovora</i>\u0000 (25.4 mm). The AuNPs, produced through an environmentally friendly method, exhibited strong antibacterial activity, indicating their potential as an effective alternative for agricultural pest management. This research provides scientific support for the promising applications of AuNPs as valuable medications in the future.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":"88 6","pages":"1869-1880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Function Nanocomposites: CuS@ZnO P–N Heterojunctions for Enhanced Light-Driven Photocatalysis and Microbial Inactivation","authors":"Zahid Mahmood,&nbsp;Naseem Abbas,&nbsp;Muhammad Bilal,&nbsp;Khalid Javed,&nbsp;Sajid Mahmood,&nbsp;Shahid Iqbal,&nbsp;Mazloom Shah,&nbsp;Khalid M. Alotaibi","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24830","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jemt.24830","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Organic dyes pose significant environmental and health concerns, including increased carcinogenicity and detrimental effects on photosynthesis due to elevated levels of BOD and COD. Herein, a hydrothermal approach was employed to synthesize CuS@ZnO nanocomposites. Structural properties of the prepared nanocomposites were confirmed and evaluated by using XRD and FTIR techniques. Morphological characteristics and particle size (showing an average size of around 40 nm) were evaluated by FESEM. To assess their effectiveness, the prepared nanomaterials were investigated against the photodegradation of rhodamine B (RhB). The CuS@ZnO-b composite, with a 1:1 M ratio, achieved an impressive 94.31% photodegradation efficiency against 10 ppm RhB with a quantum yield of 1.97 × 10⁻⁵ molecules photon⁻¹ (within 120 min at pH 4.0, 50-W light intensity and 40°C). The ability of the CuS@ZnO photocatalyst to absorb visible light effectively and generate free radicals was significantly enhanced by increased photon energy activation. The antimicrobial effectiveness of the CuS@ZnO nanocomposite was tested against two bacterial strains, Lactobacillus and \u0000 <i>Escherichia coli</i>\u0000 , using the agar disk diffusion technique. The nanocomposites showed excellent antimicrobial activity, producing inhibition zones of 18 mm for Lactobacillus and 19 mm for \u0000 <i>Escherichia coli</i>\u0000 , demonstrating their strong potential to combat these bacteria. These findings underscore potential advancements in photocatalytic systems for water purification applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":"88 6","pages":"1881-1892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-Friendly Fabrication of Porous ZnO Nanostructures Using Araucaria heterophylla Leaf Extract for Catalytic Wastewater Treatment: A Sustainable Approach to Toxic Pollutant Removal","authors":"Tayyaba Shahzadi,&nbsp;Tauheeda Riaz,&nbsp;Sana Mansoor,&nbsp;Sammia Shahid,&nbsp;Irum Shahzadi,&nbsp;Mohsin Javed,&nbsp;Maria Zaib,&nbsp;Ali Bahadur,&nbsp;Shahid Iqbal,&nbsp;Sajid Mahmood,&nbsp;Khalid M. Alotaibi","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24834","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jemt.24834","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current investigation documented the construction of eco-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using \u0000 <i>Araucaria heterophylla</i>\u0000 leaf extract. The synthesized material is characterized through various techniques. The x-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum depicted prominent diffraction peaks. 31.9 nm was determined to be the average particle size. The spherical and aggregated ZnO NPs were visible in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) results. Energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectra results confirmed the existence of Zinc and oxygen elemental peaks. FTIR results of synthesized ZnO NPs and leaf extract elaborated on the participation of phytochemical constituents. Catalytic activity is investigated for Methylene blue (MB) and Congo red dye (CR). For both dyes, the best outcomes are achieved when the dye concentration is 5 mg/L and the adsorbent dose is 10 mg, with a contact duration of 20 min. Adsorption isotherms (Langmuir and Freundlich) and kinetic models including pseudo first order, Elovich, intraparticle diffusion, and Boyd were also applied for dye degradation studies. Antioxidant potential is assessed with three different approaches: total antioxidant, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity, and total phenolic contents. The scavenging free radical activity percentage was calculated to be 82 ± 0.07 with 1500 μg/mL concentration. In comparison to the standard, total antioxidant activity is 0.569 ± 0.07 (% w/w). While total phenolic contents were 244 ± 1.4 mg GAE/g. Hence, this study demonstrated that biosynthesized ZnO NPs exhibit adequate potential for environmental remediation studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":"88 6","pages":"1904-1916"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143492927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Histological and Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Kidney and Adrenal Gland in Nile Monitor Lizards (Varanus niloticus)”","authors":"Doaa M. Mokhtar,&nbsp;Mohammed A. Abdel-Ghani,&nbsp;Mohammed Abdelsabour Khalaf,&nbsp;Khalid M. Alkhodair,&nbsp;Enas A. Abdelhafez","doi":"10.1002/jemt.24825","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jemt.24825","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provides a detailed histological and immunohistochemical analysis of the kidney and adrenal gland in \u0000 <i>Varanus niloticus</i>\u0000 (Nile monitor lizard), highlighting their structural features and adaptive mechanisms. Ten adult female Nile monitors were collected from Qena Province, Egypt, and their kidneys and adrenal glands were examined. Kidney tissues were processed for histological analysis, and immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the expression of key markers, including vimentin, E-cadherin, CK7, and NSE. In contrast to other reptiles, the kidney was divided into the cortex and medulla and contained a loop of Henle. The cortex contains renal corpuscles and nephron tubules, while the medulla primarily comprises collecting ducts. The proximal tubules were lined with acidophilic cuboidal cells, whereas the distal tubules exhibited pale cuboidal cells with fewer microvilli. Immunohistochemistry revealed vimentin expression in podocytes and a few renal tubule epithelial cells, while E-cadherin was expressed in the distal tubules, loop of Henle, and collecting ducts. NSE was strongly expressed in the renal corpuscles and macula densa of the juxtaglomerular apparatus, as well as in the peripolar cells, but was absent in the proximal tubules. CK7 was predominantly expressed in the distal tubules and collecting ducts. The adrenal glands comprise steroidogenic and chromaffin cells associated with the posterior cardinal veins of the kidney. NSE was strongly expressed in chromaffin cells, while vimentin was detected in steroidogenic cells. E-cadherin and CK7 are not expressed in the adrenal tissues. These findings provide insights into the structural and functional adaptations of the kidney and adrenal glands in Nile monitors, offering a foundation for future research into the comparative anatomy and functional ecology of reptilian excretory and endocrine systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":18684,"journal":{"name":"Microscopy Research and Technique","volume":"88 6","pages":"1858-1868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}