Minerals Engineering最新文献_第9页

Separation of cadmium and nickel from glycine-based medium by D2EHPA D2EHPA分离甘氨酸基培养基中的镉和镍

IF 5 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109727

Fatemeh Mazhar Sarmadi, Farnoosh Olfat, Davoud Fatmehsari Haghshenas

{"title":"Separation of cadmium and nickel from glycine-based medium by D2EHPA","authors":"Fatemeh Mazhar Sarmadi, Farnoosh Olfat, Davoud Fatmehsari Haghshenas","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109727","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109727","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our previous research demonstrates the efficient leachability of cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) from the spent Ni-Cd batteries by using the glycine-based lixiviant. Here, for the first time, we report the separation process of cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) from the glycine-based aqueous medium via bis-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) extractant. The effect of pertinent parameters including equilibrium pH, D2EHPA concentration, and temperature were examined. The <span><math><mrow><mi>Δ</mi><msubsup><mrow><mi>p</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0.5</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>i</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>d</mi></mrow></msubsup></mrow></math></span> (difference between the equilibrium pH at which 50 % extraction of metal occurs) for the glycine solution via D2EHPA (0.6 M) was approximately 1.5 at 25 °C when both Ni and Cd concentration is 2.5 (g/L) and the organic to aqueous volume ratio equals 1; moreover, the value of separation factor (β<sub>Cd/Ni</sub>) was estimated 555 at pH = 4 under similar conditions. It was attempted to clarify the Cd and Ni extraction mechanisms based on the thermodynamic modeling of the aqueous species present in the glycine medium, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and slope analysis method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 109727"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Termination-dependent surface chemistry of pyrochlore flotation: stability, hydration, and collector adsorption 焦绿石浮选终止依赖的表面化学：稳定性、水合作用和捕收剂吸附

IF 5 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109728

Farhad Moosakazemi, Abolfazl Alizadeh Sahraei, Jocelyn Bouchard, Faïçal Larachi

{"title":"Termination-dependent surface chemistry of pyrochlore flotation: stability, hydration, and collector adsorption","authors":"Farhad Moosakazemi, Abolfazl Alizadeh Sahraei, Jocelyn Bouchard, Faïçal Larachi","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109728","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109728","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyrochlore, the primary mineral in niobium-bearing ores, generates diverse surface terminations during comminution, which can influence subsequent froth flotation. Using density functional theory (DFT) simulations, we evaluated the stability of all possible low-index pyrochlore surface terminations and analyzed their interactions with water and amine collectors. The simulations revealed that oxygen-terminated surfaces are more stable than metal-exposed ones. We also examined hydration behavior, which precedes collector interaction during flotation. Oxygen-terminated surfaces readily undergo hydroxylation, forming strong covalent bonds and dense hydration layers, while metal-terminated surfaces exhibit weaker hydrogen bonding and greater hydrophobicity. To simulate pH-dependent flotation conditions, we investigated the adsorption of neutral and protonated amines on hydroxylated (hydrophilic) and bare (hydrophobic) surfaces. Importantly, this study is the first to explicitly consider twin surfaces—the metastable counterparts of thermodynamically favored planes that are generated by mechanical breakage—and to reveal their distinct surface terminations and reactivity. Contrary to the prevailing assumption that Nb–N bonding dominates, our results revealed multiple adsorption mechanisms. Notably, hydrophilic surfaces exhibited enhanced adsorption, especially in the presence of protonated collectors. These results emphasize the importance of considering termination-specific adsorption pathways and collector speciation when designing effective pyrochlore reagents. Elucidating these surface-dependent interactions provides new insights for the development of selective reagents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 109728"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Screening of sustainable binders for alkali roasted mixed rare earth concentrate pellets: Mechanistic study of xanthan gum for pelletization, kiln skin inhibition and closed-loop resource recovery 碱焙烧混合稀土精矿球团用可持续粘结剂的筛选：黄原胶制球、窑皮抑制及闭环资源回收机理研究

IF 5 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109724

Yubo Xu , Jianfei Li , Yang Jiang , Shuxin Wu , Shengfeng Ma , Xiaoyan Hao , Wenbin Xin

{"title":"Screening of sustainable binders for alkali roasted mixed rare earth concentrate pellets: Mechanistic study of xanthan gum for pelletization, kiln skin inhibition and closed-loop resource recovery","authors":"Yubo Xu , Jianfei Li , Yang Jiang , Shuxin Wu , Shengfeng Ma , Xiaoyan Hao , Wenbin Xin","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109724","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109724","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Addressing kiln skin formation during traditional alkali roasting of Bayan Obo Mixed Rare Earth Concentrate (MREC), this study incorporated sintered pellet technology into the MREC alkaline decomposition system and systematically evaluated organic polymer binders under highly alkaline conditions. Comparative experiments demonstrated that xanthan gum (XG) exhibits excellent adhesion stability at pH > 14, with interfacial bond strength surpassing other polymers. At 0.5–1 % XG addition, composite pellets achieved compressive strengths up to 153 N pre-roasting and 283 N post-roasting, with rare earth recovery rates reaching 90 %. Comprehensive testing confirmed that XG-MREC bonding follows a multistage synergistic mechanism comprising charge absorption, chemical adsorption, mechanical bonding, and solid-phase interdiffusion bonding, in which chemical adsorption driven by the functional groups of XG (–OH, –CH<sub>3</sub>, and COO<sup>–</sup>) predominates. Key MREC elements (C, O, F, Ce) serve as primary adsorption sites. Additionally, a synergistic evaporation-crystallization-glass preparation method was developed by repurposing crystallized alkaline wastewater salts into glass raw materials. This approach enabled resource utilization of hazardous wastewater components (e.g., F<sup>-</sup>, PO3- 4, Na<sup>+</sup>) and established a closed-loop green process. The integrated technology demonstrates efficient, clean extraction potential for complex rare-earth ores, offering significant implications for sustainable industrial-scale processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 109724"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144880107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermal decomposition behavior of boron-bearing iron concentrate under nitrogen atmosphere: Kinetics, mineral phase transformation and microstructure evolution 含硼铁精矿在氮气气氛下的热分解行为：动力学、矿物相变和微观结构演化

IF 5 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109702

Jianwen Yu , Xuanxiong Kang , Peiyu Li , Xuesong Sun , Yanjun Li , Yuexin Han , Zhongxu Qi , Dayon Sun

{"title":"Thermal decomposition behavior of boron-bearing iron concentrate under nitrogen atmosphere: Kinetics, mineral phase transformation and microstructure evolution","authors":"Jianwen Yu , Xuanxiong Kang , Peiyu Li , Xuesong Sun , Yanjun Li , Yuexin Han , Zhongxu Qi , Dayon Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pyrometallurgical separation is an effective method for processing boron-containing iron concentrate, but the thermal behavior of boron-bearing minerals during roasting remains unclear. The thermal characteristics of boron-containing iron concentrate in a nitrogen atmosphere were systematically studied using synchronous thermal analysis (STA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and other analytical methods. The results show that the thermal treatment process can be divided into four stages, with the most significant weight loss occurring between 446.05 °C and 643.42 °C. During this stage, szaibelyite and serpentine undergo dehydration decomposition reactions, forming suanite and olivine. As the decomposition temperature increases, cracks appear throughout the particles of suanite and olivine, while magnetite and ludwigite remain stable, with no changes in their phase or microstructure. Additionally, the thermal treatment kinetics analysis shows that the most probable reaction mechanism for the thermal treatment of boron-containing iron concentrate follows the random nucleation and subsequent growth model (A<sub>1</sub>), with the integral form G(α) = −ln(1-α). The apparent activation energy of the reaction is 151.09 kJ/mol, and the pre-exponential factor is 1.23 × 10<sup>12</sup> min<sup>−1</sup>. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for further understanding the thermal treatment behavior of boron-containing iron concentrate and offer valuable insights for its application in high-temperature treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 109702"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Countercurrent leaching of lithium-ion battery waste under ambient conditions 环境条件下锂离子电池废弃物的逆流浸出

IF 5 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109703

Md.Rakibul Qadir , Warren J. Bruckard , Miao Chen

{"title":"Countercurrent leaching of lithium-ion battery waste under ambient conditions","authors":"Md.Rakibul Qadir , Warren J. Bruckard , Miao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium mixed metal oxides from waste lithium-ion batteries or black mass can be effectively leached at room temperature with mineral acid and controlled addition of reducing agent. But at lower temperature and relatively higher solids loading, the time required for near complete dissolution of the value elements Li, Mn, Co, and Ni becomes longer due to the gradual decrease of chemical activity over time. To further improve the process, and lower the time required for acceptable efficiencies, and better suit a practical and continuous industrial adaptation recirculation or recycling the liquor and leach residues in part mode was evaluated. The current work utilizes 2 M sulfuric acid at room temperature as a lixiviant and controlled addition of hydrogen peroxide as reducing agent. True counter current leaching uses evaluated by reusing the leach liquor to effectively maximize the total solid to liquid ratio and substantially minimize the overall leach time. In addition, a two-step recirculating batch process was also evaluated to reuse both the solid and liquor effectively improving the combined leaching efficiency and the carbon quality in the final residue. Extraction of 97–99 % of Co and near 100 % of Mn, Ni and Li were achieved and the final leach residue by-product was 95 % C.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 109703"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient platinum cementation via galvanic interactions promoted by physically interconnected zinc-graphite plates in an acidic HClO4-HCl medium 在酸性HClO4-HCl介质中，物理连接的锌-石墨板通过电相互作用促进了高效的铂胶结

IF 5 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109726

Elvin J. Guzmán-Jarquín , R. Pérez-Garibay , A. Alvarado-Gómez , J.C. Fuentes-Aceituno , I.C. Mejía-Cruz

{"title":"Efficient platinum cementation via galvanic interactions promoted by physically interconnected zinc-graphite plates in an acidic HClO4-HCl medium","authors":"Elvin J. Guzmán-Jarquín , R. Pérez-Garibay , A. Alvarado-Gómez , J.C. Fuentes-Aceituno , I.C. Mejía-Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109726","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109726","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cementation using aluminum or zinc powders is the predominant technique for depositing platinum group metals (PGMs) from concentrated solutions, which are obtained by leaching natural ores or secondary raw materials with a combination of strong acids. Nevertheless, the efficiency of PGMs cementation tends to decline when alternative lixiviants are employed. This study introduces a simple yet highly effective technique for recovering platinum (Pt) ions through cementation, utilizing galvanic interactions between interconnected zinc-graphite plates in an acidic medium comprising HClO<sub>4</sub> (perchloric acid) and diluted HCl (hydrochloric acid) while varying operational conditions. The results indicate that Pt recovery significantly improves when temperature and concentrations of dissolved Pt and HClO<sub>4</sub> are increased to 15–50 °C, 5–15 ppm, and 0.1–0.5 M, respectively. Additionally, the findings reveal that at 50 °C, Pt recovery exceeds 95 %, with approximately 15 min needed to reach this peak recovery. The cementation reaction exhibited pseudo-first-order kinetics, with the rate-determining step being predominantly chemically controlled, as evidenced by activation energies exceeding 36 kJ/mol. Morphological analyses of the studied deposits confirmed successful Pt cementation on the surfaces of the graphite plates, revealing a consistent relationship between the size of the cemented areas and the percentage of Pt recoveries. Finally, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analyses indicated a high Pt metal content within these deposits, reaching nearly 90 % without washing and over 96 % when graphite plates are washed with deionized water after the cementation experiments. Additionally, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses confirmed the effective cementation of Pt on the graphite plates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 109726"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the impact of grinding media shape on load behaviour and mill power in an industrial-scale tumbling mill using DEM simulation 利用DEM模拟研究了工业规模滚磨机中研磨介质形状对负荷行为和磨机功率的影响

IF 5 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109717

Paresh Rajodiya , Barun Harichandan , Sagar Dave , Karamjith Sharma , Gautam Banerjee , Sirshendu Chattopadhyay

{"title":"Investigating the impact of grinding media shape on load behaviour and mill power in an industrial-scale tumbling mill using DEM simulation","authors":"Paresh Rajodiya , Barun Harichandan , Sagar Dave , Karamjith Sharma , Gautam Banerjee , Sirshendu Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109717","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109717","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The shape of grinding media significantly influences mill performance, including load behaviour, power draw, and toe/shoulder positions. Prior research has paid limited attention to the impact of grinding media shape variation on industrial-scale tumbling mill performance. Cylindrical shape media produce a narrower desired product size distribution compared to spherical shape media. In the present study, the Discrete Element Method (DEM) based approach with a superquadratic shape model was used to analyse the effect of cylindrical versus spherical media on industrial-scale tumbling mills. Additionally, the impact of the cylindrical media size and total media mass variation on tumbling mill performance was studied in detail. The developed DEM model was validated both qualitatively and quantitatively against experimental data reported in the published literature for laboratory scale tumbling mill. The simulation results depict that the cataracting effect is greater and the cascading effect is reduced with the use of cylindrical media due to the change in contact dynamics from point contact in spherical media to line contact in cylindrical media. Additionally, cylindrical media of the same diameter as the spherical media consume more power and generate higher average force. Reducing the total mass of cylindrical media by around 15% can achieve power consumption and average force comparable to spherical media. These findings provide useful insights for replacing spherical media with cylindrical media in industrial tumbling mills to overcome the overgrinding issue with spherical media for soft and friable materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 109717"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

YOLOv8-MD: A highly accurate algorithm for detecting ore belt demarcation points YOLOv8-MD：高精度的矿带分界点检测算法

IF 5 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109712

Ping Shao , Dan Liu , Longzhou Yu , Zhipeng Liu , Xin Chen , Shuming Wen

{"title":"YOLOv8-MD: A highly accurate algorithm for detecting ore belt demarcation points","authors":"Ping Shao , Dan Liu , Longzhou Yu , Zhipeng Liu , Xin Chen , Shuming Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shaking tables are essential gravity separation equipment widely used in the mineral processing industry, particularly for fine particle concentration. The rapid development of deep learning techniques has brought notable advances in detecting ore belt demarcation points on shaking tables. YOLOv8 improves detection efficiency through architectural refinement and the integration of advanced components. However, it faces limitations when dealing with complex scenes, such as insufficient extraction of low-level features and inadequate channel representation in high-level feature maps. To address these issues, four novel modules were designed: the Dual-Dimensional Feature Attention (DDFA) module and the Deep Cross-Modality Enhanced Attention (DCMEA) module, intended to enhance shallow spatial-channel information and deep semantic representations, respectively. Unlike conventional attention mechanisms such as SE and CBAM, which process channel or spatial cues independently, DDFA strengthens both spatial localization and channel selectivity in low-level features, while DCMEA incorporates multi-scale context and modality-aware attention to enhance high-level semantic understanding. Additionally, the Multiscale Feature Alignment (MFA) module was developed to improve the perception of fine-grained features, and the lightweight C2f-Star module was introduced to reduce parameter size and enable efficient deployment on edge devices. Experimental results indicate that the proposed model achieves superior performance over five mainstream object detection algorithms, with a 7.13% increase in precision and a 6.02% gain in recall compared to the original YOLOv8. Industrial tests show an 83.5% reduction in variance and a 2.3% increase in ore grade, confirming the model’s practical value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 109712"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leaching of Lithium-ion battery waste at room temperature using controlled reductant addition 室温下使用可控还原剂浸出锂离子电池废料

IF 5 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109725

Md.Rakibul Qadir , Warren J. Bruckard , Miao Chen

引用次数: 0

A review of fine particle flotation: mechanistic insights and advances 细颗粒浮选：机理的认识与进展

IF 5 2区工程技术

Minerals Engineering Pub Date : 2025-08-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109685

Mohammad Hossein Ghasemi Flavarjani , Arash Sobouti , Bahram Rezai , Ali Ahmadi

{"title":"A review of fine particle flotation: mechanistic insights and advances","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Ghasemi Flavarjani , Arash Sobouti , Bahram Rezai , Ali Ahmadi","doi":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mineng.2025.109685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fine particle flotation has emerged as a critical area in mineral processing due to increasing demand for resource recovery and the growing presence of ultrafine particles in ore deposits and tailings. These particles, typically smaller than 38 µm, pose significant challenges including low mass, high surface energy, high reagent consumption, and reduced bubble-particle collision efficiency. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms affecting the flotation of fine particles and explores various technical strategies developed to overcome these limitations. These include particle size enlargement through flocculation and agglomeration, bubble size reduction via micro- and nanobubbles, and advanced cell designs aimed at improving particle-bubble interaction. Emerging technologies such as dissolved air flotation, electroflotation, and pneumatic and column cells are also discussed. Furthermore, the article critically evaluates the applicability, limitations, and industrial scalability of these methods. Emphasis is placed on integrating environmentally friendly reagents and optimizing process efficiency to enhance sustainability in mineral processing. The review concludes by outlining future research needs, including the multivariate study of interacting flotation parameters and the development of industrial-scale solutions for fine particle recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18594,"journal":{"name":"Minerals Engineering","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 109685"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0