Medical mycology最新文献_第2页

Value of qPCR in the screening strategy for Candida auris. qPCR在耳念珠菌筛选中的应用价值。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf041

Sarah Jolivet, Sandra Fournier, Jeanne Bigot, Lokman Galal, Edith Le Roux, Mehdi Bonnet, Valérie Souyri, Pierre-Antoine Michel, Hélène Goulet, Gilles Pialoux, Marine Nadal, Muriel Fartoukh, Frédéric Barbut, Christophe Hennequin, Juliette Guitard

{"title":"Value of qPCR in the screening strategy for Candida auris.","authors":"Sarah Jolivet, Sandra Fournier, Jeanne Bigot, Lokman Galal, Edith Le Roux, Mehdi Bonnet, Valérie Souyri, Pierre-Antoine Michel, Hélène Goulet, Gilles Pialoux, Marine Nadal, Muriel Fartoukh, Frédéric Barbut, Christophe Hennequin, Juliette Guitard","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myaf041","url":null,"abstract":"Candida auris has emerged as a major fungal pathogen responsible for persistent outbreaks, highlighting the importance of an effective screening strategy to control its spread in healthcare settings. Following a confirmed C. auris infection, we incorporated a specific qPCR assay into the screening process. Contact patients and environmental samples were screened weekly using culture and qPCR methods. We used these results to manage patients' cohorting, room disinfection, and new admissions in real time. The qPCR allowed us to identify 37 colonized patients and detect 47 contaminated environmental sites. While being specific, qPCR was more sensitive than culture in detecting C. auris colonization, enabling prompt infection control measures. This strategy was effective as the spread of C. auris in our institution was contained within 2 months. Our results support the inclusion of specific qPCR in the screening strategy for the early detection of C. auris in healthcare facilities.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143992975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf042

Haiming Yan, Xinrui Gao, Suling Chen, Yuanhui Jiang, Jian Chen, Siyi Cen, Xuwen Xu, Jie Peng, Shaohang Cai

{"title":"Inflammation-related indices as markers for mortality in people living with HIV co-infected with Talaromyces Marneffei: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Haiming Yan, Xinrui Gao, Suling Chen, Yuanhui Jiang, Jian Chen, Siyi Cen, Xuwen Xu, Jie Peng, Shaohang Cai","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/mmy/myaf042","url":null,"abstract":"Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) co-infection remains a significant cause of mortality in people living with HIV (PLWH). Although early detection of individuals at high risk is essential, there remains a lack of markers to predict outcomes. This multicenter retrospective study analyzed 282 PLWH (95 treatment-naïve T. marneffei co-infected, 187 without opportunistic infections) to evaluate six inflammatory indices: systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), neutrophil-to-platelet ratio (NPR), and pan-immune inflammation value (PIV). Multivariate logistic regression and ROC analysis were performed to identify risk factors and prognostic performance. The results revealed that T. marneffei group exhibited significantly elevated levels of SII, NPR, NLR, and PLR (P <0.001), with lower LMR (P <0.001) and PIV levels (P =0.014). Logistic regression identified thrombocytopenia (P =0.026), hypoalbuminemia (P =0.031), and lower CD4+ T-cell counts (P =0.011) as independent predictors of HIV-TM coinfection. Among the T. marneffei group, survivors (n=80) and non-survivors (n=15) exhibited distinct inflammatory profiles: NLR demonstrated optimal mortality prediction (AUC=0.788, P <0.001), outperforming NPR (AUC=0.671, P <0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed NLR as the sole mortality predictor (P =0.041), with restricted cubic spline analysis indicating a non-linear NLR-mortality relationship. In conclusion, we found that NLR represents a reliable prognostic marker for PLWH co-infected with T. marneffei.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic insights into granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in combating fungal infections: Diverse fungal pathogens. 粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子在对抗真菌感染中的机制见解：多种真菌病原体。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf044

Qi Dong, Weiwei Wu, Ruijun Zhang

引用次数: 0

A longitudinal study assessing Aspergillus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) performance through participation in external quality assessment schemes from 2019 to 2022. 一项通过参与2019 - 2022年外部质量评估方案评估曲霉聚合酶链反应（PCR）性能的纵向研究。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf036

Alastair Ricketts, Dorothy Montgomery, Juergen Loeffler, Rosemary Barnes, Mario Cruciani, J Peter Donnelly, P Lewis White

引用次数: 0

Publisher's Note: Evaluation of five real-time PCR assays for the detection of Candidozyma auris in clinical specimens. 评估五种实时PCR检测临床标本中耳念珠菌的方法。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-30 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf043

引用次数: 0

Optimization and clinical evaluation of a 5.8S rRNA quantitative PCR assay for the diagnosis of talaromycosis. 5.8S rRNA定量PCR诊断塔氏菌病的优化及临床评价。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf040

Dang Hoang Khanh, Lottie Brown, Phan Thi Ha My, Nguyen Thi Mai Thu, Emily Evans, Vo Trieu Ly, Nguyen Thanh Hiep, Ngo Thi Hoa, Thuy Le

{"title":"Optimization and clinical evaluation of a 5.8S rRNA quantitative PCR assay for the diagnosis of talaromycosis.","authors":"Dang Hoang Khanh, Lottie Brown, Phan Thi Ha My, Nguyen Thi Mai Thu, Emily Evans, Vo Trieu Ly, Nguyen Thanh Hiep, Ngo Thi Hoa, Thuy Le","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myaf040","url":null,"abstract":"Talaromyces marneffei is a dimorphic fungus endemic in Southeast Asia that causes the invasive fungal disease talaromycosis in immunocompromised individuals. Detection of T. marneffei nucleic acid in blood by PCR has demonstrated potential as a diagnostic tool for talaromycosis, but previously developed assays have limited sensitivity. This study described the optimization of a quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay for the diagnosis of talaromycosis. Our assay performance was maximized by testing different primers, methods of cell lysis and DNA extraction, whole blood vs. plasma, and methods of specimen treatment, using mean quantification cycle (Cq) values to compare performance. Our qPCR assay achieved the highest analytical sensitivity of 1 yeast cell per mL of whole blood, using primers targeting the 5.8S ribosomal DNA, cell lysis by bead beating, and DNA extraction by the MasterPure Yeast Purification Kit. There was no cross-reactivity observed with six Penicillium species and nine clinically related fungal isolates. In a case-control, diagnostic validation study of 138 cases of talaromycosis and 30 controls with other invasive fungal diseases and opportunistic infections, our 5.8S qPCR assay detected T. marneffei in 99.0% (101/102, 95% CI: 94.6%-99.9%) of blood culture-positive and 55.6% (20/37, 95% CI: 38.1%-72%) of blood culture-negative patients. Overall, our 5.8S qPCR assay had significantly higher sensitivity compared to conventional BACTEC blood culture, 87.7% (95% CI: 80.7%-92.5%) vs. 73.9% (95% CI: 65.6%-80.8%, P < .001), and the specificity was 96.7% (95% CI: 80.9%-99.8%). Our 5.8S qPCR assay has potential as a non-invasive and rapid rule-in test for talaromycosis.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12020469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trichosporon species bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in the western region of Saudi Arabia: A 7-year retrospective chart review from 2016 to 2022. 沙特阿拉伯西部地区一家三级医院的毛丝虫病种血流感染：2016 - 2022年7年回顾性图表回顾

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf029

Hassan Almarhabi, Aisha Alharbi, Raghad Alfagi, Abdulfattah Al-Amri

{"title":"Trichosporon species bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital in the western region of Saudi Arabia: A 7-year retrospective chart review from 2016 to 2022.","authors":"Hassan Almarhabi, Aisha Alharbi, Raghad Alfagi, Abdulfattah Al-Amri","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myaf029","url":null,"abstract":"Despite advances in medical mycology, invasive Trichosporon spp. infections continue to be associated with high mortality rates. Limited data exist on the risk factors and outcomes of Trichosporon fungemia, particularly in our region. Therefore, this study aims to describe the risk factors, patient characteristics, antifungal susceptibility, and outcome of Trichosporon bloodstream infections at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia. This was a single-center retrospective chart review that included adult patients ≥ 16 years with positive blood cultures for Trichosporon spp. from January 2016 to December 2022. Descriptive statistics are presented using the mean for continuous variables and the number (percentage) for categorical variables. Ten patients with Trichosporon spp. isolated from blood cultures were eligible for inclusion in this study. The mean age was 58.1 years (range 17-83), with 70% male patients. Additionally, 40% had diabetes mellitus, and 40% had underlying malignancy. Trichosporon asahii was the predominant species in 90% of isolates. All patients had recent broad-spectrum antibiotic use, 80% were exposed to corticosteroids, and all had central venous catheters. One kidney transplant had an early recurrence of Trichosporon spp. fungemia. Four patients were cured of the infection, two were treated with voriconazole monotherapy, and two were treated with a combination of liposomal amphotericin B plus Voriconazole. Thirty-day all-cause mortality was 60%, with three deaths occurring before identification of the isolates. In conclusion, our study reported a predominance of Trichosporon asahii and a mortality rate of 60% in patients with Trichosporon fungemia. Challenges include delayed diagnosis, high mortality, and antifungal resistance, underscoring the need for further research to enhance treatment strategies and patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of Phenotypic Switching in the Adaptive Response of Candida tropicalis to Hyperosmotic Stress. 表型转换在热带假丝酵母对高渗胁迫的适应性反应中的作用。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf035

Hugo Felix Perini, Cássia Milena de Souza, Eloiza Aparecida Paulo, Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier, Wander Rogério Pavanelli, Luciana Furlaneto-Maia, Marcia Cristina Furlaneto

引用次数: 0

Mucormycosis coinfection in patients with proven aspergillosis. 已证实患有曲霉菌病的患者合并感染粘孢子菌病。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf027

Hyeon Mu Jang, Ji Yeun Kim, Joon Seon Song, Euijin Chang, Seongman Bae, Jiwon Jung, Min Jae Kim, Yong Pil Chong, Sang-Ho Choi, Sang-Oh Lee, Yang Soo Kim, Sung-Han Kim

{"title":"Mucormycosis coinfection in patients with proven aspergillosis.","authors":"Hyeon Mu Jang, Ji Yeun Kim, Joon Seon Song, Euijin Chang, Seongman Bae, Jiwon Jung, Min Jae Kim, Yong Pil Chong, Sang-Ho Choi, Sang-Oh Lee, Yang Soo Kim, Sung-Han Kim","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/mmy/myaf027","url":null,"abstract":"Data on the coinfection of molds are limited. Therefore, we systematically investigated mucormycosis coinfection in patients with morphologically proven aspergillosis. The medical records of adult patients with proven aspergillosis and available formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections were retrospectively reviewed at a tertiary hospital between January 2019 and July 2024. The fungal culture results were reviewed and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect Aspergillus- and Mucorales-specific DNA using FFPE tissues. A positive Mucorales PCR test was confirmed when positive results were obtained for both the 18S and 28S targets. A total of 49 patients with proven aspergillosis were analyzed. The sterile specimen was not found to contain Mucorales. However, fungal cultures from a non-sterile site (endotracheal aspirate) revealed the presence of Aspergillus niger and Cunninghamella spp. in 1 (2%) of 49 patients (Patient A). A positive Mucorales-specific PCR result was obtained for one patient (2%) while positive Aspergillus- and Mucorales-specific PCR results were obtained for five patients, including Patient A (10%). Overall, 6 (12%) of the 49 patients with proven aspergillosis were found to be coinfected with mucormycosis. Coinfection with mucormycosis was significantly more associated with rhino-paranasal sinuses (33% vs. 2%, P = .03). In-hospital mortality was not found to significantly differ between patients with mucormycosis coinfection and those with aspergillosis alone (33% [2/6] vs. 14% [6/43], P = .24). Approximately one-tenth of patients with proven aspergillosis had molecular or microbiologic evidence of mucormycosis coinfection. Further studies are needed to highlight the clinical implications of the molecular evidence of mucormycosis coinfection in patients with proven aspergillosis.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MNN45 is involved in Zcf31-mediated cell surface integrity and chitosan susceptibility in Candida albicans. MNN45 参与了 Zcf31 介导的白色念珠菌细胞表面完整性和壳聚糖敏感性。

IF 2.7 3区医学

Medical mycology Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myaf025

Hao-Sen Chiang, Ji-Hong Chen, Yu-Ting Liao, Yu-Chun Peng, Chih-Chieh Hsu, Cai-Ling Ke, Chi-Ting Chung, Yu-Chiao Yeh, Hsiao-Yen Tsai, Ching-Hsuan Lin

{"title":"MNN45 is involved in Zcf31-mediated cell surface integrity and chitosan susceptibility in Candida albicans.","authors":"Hao-Sen Chiang, Ji-Hong Chen, Yu-Ting Liao, Yu-Chun Peng, Chih-Chieh Hsu, Cai-Ling Ke, Chi-Ting Chung, Yu-Chiao Yeh, Hsiao-Yen Tsai, Ching-Hsuan Lin","doi":"10.1093/mmy/myaf025","DOIUrl":"10.1093/mmy/myaf025","url":null,"abstract":"Candida albicans is a major human fungal pathogen; however, limited antifungal agents, undesirable drug side effects, and ineffective prevention of drug-resistant strains have become serious problems. Chitosan is a nontoxic, biodegradable, and biocompatible linear polysaccharide made from the deacetylation of chitin. In this study, a ZCF31 putative transcription factor gene was selected from a previous mutant library screen, as zcf31Δ strains exhibited defective cell growth in response to chitosan. Furthermore, chitosan caused notable damage to zcf31Δ cells; however, ZCF31 expression was not significantly changed by chitosan, suggesting that zcf31Δ is sensitive to chitosan could be due to changes in the physical properties of C. albicans. Indeed, zcf31Δ cells displayed significant increases in cell wall thickness. Consistent with the previous study, zcf31Δ strains were resistant to calcofluor white but highly susceptible to SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate). These results implied that chitosan mainly influences membrane function, as zcf31Δ strengthens the stress resistance of the fungal cell wall but lessens cell membrane function. Interestingly, this effect on the cell surface mechanics of the C. albicans zcf31Δ strains was not responsible for the virulence-associated function. RNA-seq analysis further revealed that six mannosyltransferase-related genes were upregulated in zcf31Δ. Although five mannosyltransferase-related mutant strains in the zcf31Δ background partially reduced the cell wall thickness, only zcf31Δ/mnn45Δ showed the recovery of chitosan resistance. Our findings suggest that Zcf31 mediates a delicate and complicated dynamic balance between the cell membrane and cell wall architectures through the mannosyltransferase genes in C. albicans, leading to altered chitosan susceptibility.","PeriodicalId":18586,"journal":{"name":"Medical mycology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0